Too the story printer the story. That is not necessarily mean it will happen but it does put more pressure on the doj to look at this. There is word that senate may take up the keystone xl pipeline and the call for the opening of the pipeline. What is expected next week . The fascinating politics, a lot of democrats are up for the approvalpport of keystone. Most of the credit leaders dont view the question will be is this a nonbinding or binding vote . Itn if it is a binding bill will not give the democrats cover. Itgives them clinical cover is not a done deal yet. Things for the update. Thanks for having me. Senator jon holden wants the senate to vote on legislation requiring approval of the keystone xl pipeline from canada. The north Dakota Republican is our guest suite on newsmakers. He details his efforts to get the pipeline approved. You can see the interview at 6 p. M. Eastern here on cspan. The woman went off and became these incredible successes, not only did they not only were they the first women stockholders and the world to , theybrokerage firm became lectures when they spoke. O 6000 people they were really very famous based on the beginnings with. Anderbilt the family kept threatening them with blackmail. The mother started this whichlous court trial in victorias husband want to put her in in the same asylum in an insane asylum or kill her people the sisters had been trying very hard for two years to hide all that. They were reinventing themselves. They were not police but educated but they said they were. They were reeling were willing to wreck their whole life. They had some really rotten characters in the family. Fixarbara mcpherson myra acpherson on cspans q and a. Bill clinton graduate from Georgetown University in 1968. He returned to the school to speak to them about Public Service. He touched upon the Affordable Care act and the Budget Surplus during his presidency. He also detailed his attempt to reach a Police Agreement a Peace Agreement between Prime Minister benjamin not Prime MinisterBenjamin Netanyahu and yasser arafat. [applause] thank you very much. Thank you. Thank you very much. It is great to be back. I want to thank hillary for coming with me today. It has been a long time. [applause] she has not had to sit through one of these in ages. [laughter] i think there are a lot of my former classmates and friends who are here. I thank them for coming. I want to mention that my chief of staff is here. She is a georgetown alumna. She has been pushing for me to put this on the schedule. Thank you for being here. To remind me that if i had been a catholic, i could have been a jesuit. [laughter] i can say this. I was americas happiest protestant when the new pope took his holy office and i had and thrilled by that and i think all the jesuits of the world should be very proud of him. As the president said a year ago today, the state, i gave the first in a series of lectures on composing a life in Public Service weather in elected office or government job at any level or as a private citizen seeking to advance the public good. I tried to organize these talks around what i said i believe to be the four essential elements required for effective service. A deep interest in people, especially those who are different than you are. A clear purpose for the service, and an idea about how it can best be advanced through government or the private sector or the nongovernmental sector or all three working together. How before you can advance your service, you had to determine, develop, and then implement the policies that will be the instrument of your objective. How do you do that . What are the problems with it . Fourth, how do you succeed . How do you turn your good intentions into real changes, and whether you have to win an election or not, theres always politics involved in that. I decided after thinking about this, and particularly after the last talk when i spoke about how i came to be interested in people, that we should put the purpose part off till the last, even though its really the first thing, because it will make all the rest, i think, make more sense in that way. I think that its very important to understand we live in a time when, for a whole variety of reasons, policymaking tends to be dimly understood, often distrusted, and disconnected from the consequences of the policies being implemented. I have felt that most intensely in the development, the passage and implementation of the Affordable Care act, but i also feel it in many other areas as well. One of the problems is that if a policymaker is a political leader and is covered primarily by the political press, there is a craving that borders on a date if to have a storyline. Then once people settle on the storyline, there is a craving which borders on blindness to shoehorn every fact, every development, everything that happens, into the storyline, even if thats not the story. So for all of you who are students here, the first thing i want to say is, i spent a lifetime really believing that policy matters. That there are different consequences to different sets of ideas, and that they matter. And therefore, the debates are important, the disagreements are important, but its not very helpful to overlay them with too much cynicism and pretend that it doesnt matter and that its all just a roll of the dice. I just dont believe that. And so today, what i hope to persuade you is not that everything i did was right, because it wasnt, but that all the policies that we developed, we developed with a certain set of objectives. We spent an enormous amount of time on the details, for which i might say i was made a lot of fun of when i took office. Why is bill clinton spending all this time on the farm program . Thats not what a president does. But this is really, really important. Because it affects people, and it determines whether your purpose can be advanced. So i decided, i just picked three policies. I started to talk about americorps and Student Service because this is the 20th anniversary of it, but i think its impact, its return on taxpayer dollars and the number people it mobilizes, the fact that we have had far more people serve we had more people serve in americorps in the first five years than in the history of the peace corps. The main thing that frustrated me was that until people actually needed them, a lot of people didnt know much about the americorps programs. But i decided not to do that. I wanted to talk about three policies today that i discussed in the first talk a year ago. The implementation of our Economic Strategy in 1993, anchored by the budget. The welfare reform bill, which was highly controversial at the time, and remains so, and our efforts to achieve a comprehensive peace in the middle east, which has taken on new urgency in view of all the things that are going on, and which took up a lot of secretary of state clintons time when she was in office. So lets begin with the economic program, because thats actually what propelled me into the race in 1992, and the primary reason i was elected. When i was elected, we had already more than a decade of stagnant wages and a declining middle class standard of living. Many years, poverty was rising instead of going down. The things we thought were guaranteed right at the end of world war ii all the way through the 1960s, that we might fight about civil rights, vietnam might be a catastrophe or a great idea, depending on what you thought, but at least we knew the American Economy would be there. At least we knew that every year people would make more money than they did before, that families would be better off, that children would have more chances, that poverty would go down. Its hard for all of you to imagine that, but when i was a kid, that was taken for granted. Even in my state, which was one of the lowest income states in america, i dont know that i ever met anybody who wanted a job that didnt have some kind of job. We thought that thats the way america work. By the time i ran for president , people didnt think that anymore. And we had been, for 12 years, governed by an Economic Policy which propelled president reagan to office in 1980. Republicans call that supplyside economics. The democrats call that more disparagingly trickledown economics. But the idea was that the economic troubles we had in the 1970s were caused by the strangulation of a regulatory state, the inefficiencies of unions and government trying to hold onto past economic arrangements which were no longer relevant, the need to deregulate to the maximum is 10, and most important of all, to make taxes as low as they could possibly be on what the second president bush always called the wealth creators, the highest income people, because the more money you gave them and their business entities, the more they would reinvest, create more jobs, and create prosperity. And we had been doing that for 12 years. When i was governor of arkansas, during this time, there was quite a lot of prosperity in the 1980s on the coast with the beginning of the rise of the hightech economy. Along route 128 in massachusetts. Here in the d c area with the interconnection companies, and obviously in silicon valley. The 1980s were tough for the middle of the country. You had great industrial cities just hollowing out. The farmers had a very tough time in several of those years, and a lot of people thought manufacturing was going to disappear from the country. During those years, i tried to follow a strategy that was really quite different in some ways than the reaganomics strategy. I did believe we had to keep taxes low if we wanted to compete for jobs, especially since our state was already a low income state, and we had a very good budgeting system which made it illegal for me to spend more money than we took in for more than six months in a row. If i did that, my chief Financial Officer and i could be found guilty of a misdemeanor. For a system going back to 1948. As result of which, we were cutting spending all the time, and not just at budget time. We never had any mass layoffs, we never had to abolish any big rogue rams. If we had the money, we invested it. If we didnt, we didnt spend it, but we had a flexible system which enabled us to operate, and we relentlessly worked on developing our education systems, our Training Programs and our attraction for new investment. In the 1980s, there were only eight states which gained manufacturing jobs, and my state was one of them. We worked on it. But i can also tell you that i learned that it takes a good while to repurpose an economy, and when i ran for president , in the previous 10 years are Unemployment Rate had been below the National Average on he wants, but in 1992, and a happy political coincidence for me, we led the country in job growth throughout the year. We were always first or second in every month. But i developed a very different theory about what makes an economy grow. When we started practicing supplyside economics, this country had never before in its entire history ever deliberately run large structural budget deficits in peace time in times of growth. So despite the Current Congress deriding president obamas Stimulus Program, basically we had an eight year long stimulus ride. Driven primarily by big increases in defense spending and large tax cuts. The reagan tax cuts were so large in 1981 that about 40 of them were actually clawed back, and in only eight years we still tripled the debt of the country that we had run up from the beginning of our existence to 1981. And when president bush came in, he basically, the first president bush had to serve president reagans third term in economic terms, that if the ideological and institutional Political Support to supplyside economics was so deep, there wasnt much that could be done about it. Finally in 1990, the Democratic Majority Congress passed the bill to try to start doing something serious about the deficit and the debt. They had some modest tax increases and some modest spending cuts. The most important thing in that bill in 1990 was the socalled pay go provision which said that unless it was an emergency like the financial crisis, which congress could recognize, or a Big National Security emergency, in normal times, if congress wanted to spend money that went beyond the Revenue Growth that was projected, they would have had to raise taxes or cut spending somewhere else, to try to turn this trend around which had then been going on since 1981. It was a good thing for president bush to do, but the reaction in his own party was for roches. Newt gingrich led a revolt against the republican leader in the house, bob michael, and he was deposed. It led to the beginning of the pretea party movement. Economics is not theology, folks. They had convinced everybody, including middle class people that their incomes were stagnant because they had been so crushed and their wealthier neighbors had been so rushed by the burden of the state. It led to the rise of Newt Gingrich and orson president bush to give what i thought was a very said speech at the Republican Convention saying he had made a terrible mistake in signing this budget bill and he would never do such a terrible thing again. Now if you read the press, generally people think it is one of the three or four best things he did. I thought he had done a very good job in most of his foreignpolicy work, he signed the americans with disabilities act, he had a better environmental record, and my point of view, than his predecessor, but he was stuck with this Economic Policy. And i thought the most important thing i could do was to reverse it. And it began with the budget, which is far more than just numbers. The details matter. So let me begin by saying i put out a booklet in the primary and then al gore and i reissued an economic plan in the general election, and we began to work on what would be in the details of the budget. And it was a very interesting process. We debated all kinds of things, and you may find this amazing because Interest Rates have been down so long. Even the democratic economists assumed during the transition period that if we got unemployment below six percent, we would have terrible runaway inflation. So we had these arguments at the Governors Mansion in arkansas. I said no, we wont, because productivity is high and our borders are more open than other countries. If we start charging too much with inflation, competing products will come in and we will drive prices back down. Even my own advisers looked at me like i had been temporarily deranged. Let me hasten to say, that is 4 inflation with high unemployment. When workers get discouraged, as they have quite understandably in the aftermath of the financial crisis, then the Participation Rate tends to go down. The Unemployment Rate may not be comparable from one year to the next. It really depends on what the level of work force purchase a patient is. Anyway, what we decided to do was first, to figure out what had caused a slowdown, because there was a marked slowdown in the economy in the bush years, and we got into a recession and got out of it. We could not just shake out of it. Why was it worse since the Economic Policy had not changed from the reagan years . Basically, what happened was, it was the first time in American History in effect we went on an eight year Stimulus Program and then a tenyear Stimulus Program in peace time with Economic Growth. If you keep borrowing all that money, eventually you have to pay higher Interest Rates. And a higher Interest Rates were crowding out private investment. So we decided first we had to get the deficit down, and secondly, we had to do it in a way that people would know we were serious. So all this is in 1993 dollars, so we are talking about a lot more money than today. We had to have a plan that would credibly reduce the deficit to 500 billion over a multiyear period. It meant that are estimated revenues and spending had to be credible. Something that had been shredded in the 1990s by socalled rosy scenarios where you would always assume when you did your budget you are going to get more money than you would. You always assumed you were going to spend less than you knew you were. I said i want to reverse this, i want to assume we will get less than we think we will and assume we will spend more than we think we will, so the numbers will be better. And we did that. Just announcing the program, especially since the chairman of the Senate Financial committee, lloyd benson of texas, agreed to be my first treasury secretary am a had a huge impact on the bond work it, and Interest Rate started to drop in investment started to pick up. This bill violated all the orthodoxies that had governed the country for 12 years. We raised personal income tax on people with the top 1. 2 of earners from 33 to 36 , where it had to remain until it was cut, and the president obama allow the cuts to lapse and then the Affordable Care act levy on top of that came in. We raise the Corporate Income tax from 33 to 35 above 2 million. The difference between that day and this is when i did it, that 35 was exactly in the middle of the Corporate Tax rates of all the other rich countries in the world, the ones we compete wi