Organization explore mars. I knew you could make it. Close enough. We would really have overshot. I will go ahead and announce the next speaker because i dont want to eat into that time. Jim green has asked me to be really short in introductions for him. James greens director of Planetary Science and i think that is saying a lot, since 1979. We have a wonderful international panel, the first one is said of the mars Strategic Planning team. And journey to be sustainable, and also the cofounder. And making Science Technology accessible to our youth in that area and quite successful. [applause] next is chinshareoh, Human Spaceflight Technology director in japan. He received his degree in the Space SystemsEngineering Design of an intelligent controller. Or an autonomous working robot under microgravity environment. In charge of the japanese human and nonhuman in the design of Space Systems to the moon and mars. Our third panel member this morning, from the space corporation. Carlo hold a degree in physics from the university of genoa. He specialized, he is the Design Authority of the robotics exploration product line and head, and science and exploration activities. [applause] how we have organized, will provide a broad overview of activities relative to the science the rest. And the International Program that is developing, this is an exciting time, mars for many years, and what we have seen over the last several years, and the Indian Space ResearchOrganizations Mission but new plans that will make this decade really exciting from an international perspective. Mars today, our Science Missions have shown in this overview what the plans are, a significant number of orbiters, the Mars Odyssey Mission from nasa, the mars express, nasas mars reconnaissance orbiter. Maven orbiter. Is rows mob orbiter. On the surface we have two rovers operating quite well, what is opportunity, and and sitting in gail crater. It landed in 2012, continuing to make some spectacular measurements heading up mount sharp. In 2018 in may of next year nasa will be launching the insight mission. This is not a rover but a platform. It will sit in a location a few degrees north, and measurements drilling into the surface. It will plopped down onto the surface, seismic instrument, the seismic instrument is the most sensitive seismic instrument ever, it will detect what we believe our natural mars quakes but impacts occurring on a regular basis based on media rights coming into the Martian Atmosphere all the time. And unlock the material to understand much more about it, the structure of the mars but potentially how those resources can be used for human exploration. The 2020 opportunity that begins in july, a huge array of missions, it is like highway to mars opens up and that highway is going to be packed, if we stop at the top of this opportunity for the space x launch of a red dragon. And those were announced by space x. Nasa will be launching the mars 2020 rover, there are three sites in contention to this. And they are areas we consider on the shoreline of an ancient ocean from mars, but gustav crater where we believe there has been water hot springs in thermal activity, deep in its path, we have to down select from those three coming up soon. In addition to that in 2020 nasa will launch esa will launch its xo mars rover spectacular rover and indeed will launch a number of measurements, a small portion of one instrument on that mission. China has also announced it is launching an orbiter and a platform which will land and have a rover move out and begin to interrogate the surface. The uae has announced their hope mission which will be an orbiter, making measurements of solar wind interactions with Martian Atmosphere and lots of aspects of mars from remotesensing instruments. What a spectacular opening of the highway and what will be happening. Then, as we move into that decade, 2024, jacks a jaxa announced the martian moon exploration mission, this mission is designed to interrogate the two moons of mars, the most and the most h phobos and deimos. They are the space station of mars. Later on in the decade, there are plans and discussions about bringing samples back from potentially the samples that are brought by 2020 but also in china, they stated they underestimated the sample return. There is a brief scientific overview of what is happening not only in the near future but as we begin the next exciting decade of science exploration of mars. Exploring mars is not star trek, not go where no human has gone before. It is the pioneering effort of the Science Missions that are being laid out and being executed by many countries now that are going to be critical laying the foundation for human exploration. With that, let me turn it over to side to talk about uaes activity. We believe that as jim said we are at the cusp of a new age of exploration, a new space race that affect literally every human on earth. You can say that we believe as well that in order for us to move into the future and embrace the opportunities and challengess of the future, Space Exploration in the uae. Our goal is to elaborate and contribute to humanitys efforts. I am supposed to have a clicker. Lets move to the next slide. You forgot to mention the Program Director of the new program of the mars 2117 program. Move to the next slide. Our vision is quite simple. We would want to enable the uae to contribute to humanitys efforts, travel and interplanetary living and so on. How we might achieve that is by establishing a lasting colony on mars by 2117 with international collaboration. The pillars of this program are education. We want to embed the culture of discovery, exploration and the next generation and generations to come and focus on research and development and contribute to the global efforts of colonizing the red planet and other bodies in our solar system as well as collaborate, build lasting collaborations with individuals, with space agencies, an important filler. We want the youths to play an active rolefor questions. Thank you. [applause] okay. Lets now switch. Thank you. First of all, i would like to say and you very much to give me a chance, right chance to introduce our work. Very much, exploration scenario. We made the integrated Space Exploration scenario, we have just finished the cycle for integrated exploration scenario and design so this picture is integrated, as you can see on the upper left side, we put on an example of this exploration. This scenario, not only a science point we put on a future human exploration mission. This integrated scenario, in that area. The final goal is how do i say the most important point, the Mission Requirement to, how do i say demonstration of tuna to be a convenient way to the mars mission like now. And effective ability. This integrated scenario is a big picture. So we, jaxa, it is very important for the affordability. And the next step is and a step on the topic of the moon, and cooperate with the feasible study of International Partners so the original mission is a show on all sides. Lets talk about the topic of the moon, where we find this on the topic of the moon, for the few. The one idea, ideas to make much more human to mars mission to be much more convenient. This is our assumption, the japanese integrated scenario, i am so to introduce much more. [applause] your hand . To show you up, we will talk a little bit about the mission in which i have been involved, the mission is two lunches, what has taken place last year in march, taking a spacecraft to mars together with a lander. Second mission is going in july. You can see this slide, victoria representation, on that launcher. The 2016 lunch, made of two spacecraft that provide also bound to provide the communication this for future assets, to the red planet and the freighter module which we had known was completely successful mission, in october last year and it arrived four kilometers from the march face and the last part of the mission. Because of that population. The second is what was now provided in europe, at least from the part of the interplanetary exploration period. It is also launched on more complex spacecraft which will bring to mars a lander, a big lander containing about 350 kg approximately, the mission of which is to explore the face of search of either extinct the life or current life. The organization, my company, which is an this organization, the major contributors were from the transformative mission. It was built in premises. In the 2020 mission, a major contribution on the design development, for the carrier module, there is a larger contribution to the defense module from russia, international cooperation. And contributes for the guidance and navigation and control of the descent module itself based on the experience we acquired in the 2016 mission. For the uk, a good contribution from the operation center. The 2016 mission, the primary objective for the visibility of an end to the descent landing, two third of the objectives, a very good fitting with our simulation, with the forecast and did a hard landing. That is unfair. Nevertheless, we have an orbiter around mars which is doing pretty well, it is to identify the space capsule as a human with he and she but it is going to afford the longer ill breaking season, doing pretty well but that already provided something to the end, the communication between the straight module, the descent phase. 6 minutes of transmission, full of data for the 2020 mission. The orbiter will provide science contribution, traces of gases in the Martian Atmosphere, which might be an important place of existence, existence of life on mars. The 2020 mission is more complex. The main target of the mission is to find proof of the existence of life on the red planet and for this, there is a very complex which is installed and will provide the experimental and existence of excellent life. The rover is equipped with what will allow it to dig into the the depth of two meters at which it is supposed to be the effect and therefore the possibility to find these things, this will be the right depth to start with. To put the orbiter together with the descent and landing module which was mounted on top of the spacecraft. We see in this picture, the big 2. 2 m antenna. Trace gas orbiter to communicate with the earth. And here, the descent and landing demonstrated module, the famous italian astronomer who was one of the pioneer of the red planet, the 19th century. A picture of the function which was supposed to protect the spacecraft, entering the mars atmosphere. It didnt work. We have to prove the telemetry the lander went perfected and separated correctly at the right time and was alive when the function separated. Here is an overview of the 2020 mission with the composite on the left. The descent module, 100 kg module containing a 150 kg rover and regarding the carrier module which is the first one being manufactured. Now ready for testing. There is no electronic bend on it. Finally, the rover is the focus of this 2020 mission. On the left side, it is deployed and the navigation camera on the right instead, a drying, the model of the analytical, which is the important part from the scientific point. And the system is now in to reno, mounting the qualification model of it. And in fact, this is on the left side of this model, and the representation of the final flight and on the right side detaining the crashing station. Which is being a few years ago, possibly in that. This is it. As far as i can remember, this is it. [applause] this gives us a great opportunity for questions that you may have. Turn up the lights. Delighted to entertain some questions here. Thanks to all of you. I am larry young at mit. There remains interest in treatment of my microgravity and countermeasures from the humans to mars mission and what has been discussed is trying to prove the adequacy of artificial gravity during the interplanetary portion. There has been consideration in japan at jaxa of demonstrating human artificial gravity inside the htv. Tell us where that stands. How do i say . The Development Phase started for htv tests. How do i say . Of course our budget, landing is an important problem. It is to be cheap transfer, how do i say, assuming under the extra access, extra missions, it is not decided yet. We can try to do, how do i say, gravity application for the transfer vehicle. We wish you success. Thank you so much. My question is specifically for the uae. All your success with satellites you have been able to provide such beneficial products for the weather and improving the life of those living in the farmlands and everything. With that comes your Political Support that i presume finances your success now. In regard to that social pressure you are going to feel, how and what do you think will provide leadership of the qualities you mentioned earlier with getting humans to mars . Can you repeat the question . In regard to the social pressure you are going to face because you make products that are great for the average citizen but what does mars have to do with, in regards to the social pressure, what will you provide that niche leadership you mentioned earlier . Very good question and that is the question we will get today even though we hope this week. A lot of people dont understand why they dont get whenever you start to explain what is used today and used in rural areas, comes as a direct spinoff from space, you start getting it and invest more in that. Ultimately once you show them the spinoff and how todays modern society is based on a larger extent, that aspect is not there yet. Once we start, a lot of the effort, essentially in the awareness aspect, for the arab world. To understand the aspect and the impact is sustainable. Focusing on awareness was and still is a big aspect of all of our missions and gradually starting to see, starting to get these chapters of going to mars. One aspect, that is where we got positive feedback, a lot of countries in the region are telling us we commend you, you are at least investing in space and venturing into space, someone has to. The arab world needs a homegrown model of exploration and science and technology. Good luck. I am in new jersey. It is exciting to see a great panel of multinational people coming in from different parts of the world especially from the uae that there is a mars mission coming up. I commend you for your efforts. From one of the questions of the last panel, talk about multilateral work between countries and bilateral work between countries. How has the multilateral work between working with countries to get to mars help you and how do you hope to learn from how do you hope to bring the knowledge you work with in the Current Mission to help other countries with future missions in years to come. Nasa really appreciates its national partners. We contribute to some of their mission this, they contribute to some of our mission this, we are going to continue to do that and grow it, as other nations become partners and the ability to leave lower orbit and go out into the solar system. I understand from the questions here that there is a lot of concern on the scientific exploration of the solar system and if we can get the right support to do that, from people and i think we face one of the important points of human destiny because the human destiny is human destiny, also through explore and to to ride to improve always to improve. Even the final tongue that you have, inside humankind, there is a mix of private investments, to go to mars. To design the future in a way. If i might add. For us, we started our Space Program 15 years, transitioned into manufacturers in the Space Program in suite 10 years. The way we started that phase was nine engineers to south korea and the Knowledge Transfer program and they stayed for almost a decade. And collaborating with universities. And the method, research institutions. For us was very important. Working toward positioning that knowledge to contribute, in Space Exploration. We are seeing a lot of interest in that endeavor. For the greater region from that aspect, i remember when we first announced the mars mission was can we join in and had people from all over social media asking us can we join in, we went to hang up and be a part of the mission. We are seeing the human aspect of mars is creating hope and allowing people to dream big and sort of make sure if you can get to mars you can do anything. I have a question for the xo mars mission, the life detection experiments, the controversy from the viking search experiments and the dilemmas for all three, and one by one with the exception for the release experiments that went away, gil living will tell you he found life on mars was what ended up overruling him, it resonates with all of us and carl sagan said extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence and life must be the explanation of last resort. You are sending a craft certain to search for life, in the same issues, how those experiments will do what viking couldnt do, i am curious how you will do that. Maybe i am not the right person, it goes into the scientific aspect time not to access this. The analytical supposed to perform a series of spectrometer analysis of samples that are taken from the surface or the subsurface of the terrain. And there are three experiments as far as i know, three instruments that are supposed to perform this type of analysis. On board the rover and inside the laboratory, the possibility to do, i think, to take 20 or 25, i dont remember, samples from the ground terrain and subject it to a series of analysis. In a way, we think that this can give a good probability of success and can provide insurance that what we will detect is correct and no false positives and things like that. We think the experiment should avoid the viking mission with the famous experiment gave only one proof of possible life but not the other experiment done by definition. With that we have to end. Very exciting time. Lets take our panel members. [applause] turn it over to artemis westenberg. Your program says there will be a m