And thats saying a lot. Hes also been at nasa since 1979 and he knows what nasa is all about. Jim. Thank you very much. [applause] i think we have a wonderful International Panel this morning and i will introduce each of our Panel Members. The first one is sayyid and sayyid is part of the Strategic Planning team to mars and his duty is to make the uvs journey to mars will be sustainable, leaving an everlasting effect. He is also the cofounder of a Youtube Channel that aims at making science and Technology Accessible to our use in that area. That has been quite successful. Site. [applause] next, the on he works at the Mission Operations for Integration Center of Human Spaceflight Technology director in japan. He received his degree in the Space Systems engineering special design of an intelligent controller or an economist walking robot under a microgravity environment. He is currently in charge of the japanese human and nonhuman expiration as the main lead in the Architectural Design of Space Systems to the moon and mars. Lets introduce him. [applause] our third panel member this morning is. [inaudible] hes from the Space Corporation and he is bent the xo mars project Design Authority and carlos holds a degree in physics from the university of genoa. He has specialized in control systems and Digital Electronics and System Engineering and is currently the Design Authority of the robotics exploration product line and head of the Systems Engineering managers of space for italy science and exploration activities. Carlo. [applause] how we have organized the panel today is i will provide a broad overview of some of the activities going to mars relative to the science and then each of our Panel Members will talk about an individual aspects of the International Program and developing a mars. This is of course a truly exciting time and mars, for many years was that mostly us and Russian State Agency endeavor and what we have seen happening over the last several years is not only new additions to mars with the Indian Space Research organization but new plans that will make this decade really exciting from an international perspective. Mars, today, our Science Mission has shown in this overview and what the plans are and we have a significant number of orbiters that are doing great, working well and these are the mars odyssey missions from nasa and the mars express and nasas mars recognizance orbiter and nasas maven orbiter and, as i mentioned, israels mom orbiter. Currently on the service we have two rovers that are operating quite well and one is opportunity that has landed in 2004 and that 90 day wonder that keeps on working and is doing an outstanding job continuing to do very exciting things. Sitting in gail crater at the shoreline of the ancient ocean is curiosity. Gail crater and its going quite well, landed in 2012 and is continuing to make some spectacular measurements as it starting to head out. In 2018, may of next year, nasa will be launching the Insight Mission and this is not a rover but a platform. It will sit in a location just a few Degrees North of where curiosity is and as a platform its designed to take measurements by drilling into the service and measuring the heat flow as the planet continues to emit heat and start cooling down from its initial secretion, for in a billion years ago and it will also pop down onto the surface a seismic instrument in the seismic instrument is the most sensitive seismic instrument ever made and at mars it will detect what we believe our natural mars breaks but also impacts that are occurring on a regular basis based on meteorites that are coming into the Martian Atmosphere all the time. With that we hope to be able to unlike the interior and understand much more about the structure of mars but also the potential how those resources can be used for human expiration. The 2020 opportunity that begins in july will begin with a huge array of missions. You know, i think every six months its like a highway to mars opens up and in that highway it will be packed. We start out at the top of that opportunity with space x launch of a red dragon. That will be followed at the end of the opportunity, we believe, with another red dragon in those have been announced by space x. In addition to that nasa will be launching a mars 2020 rover and this is a rover for which we havent exactly selected its site but there are three sites in contention in two of which, northeastern major and just a row crater are areas where we would consider on the shoreline of the ancient and another crater where we believe theres a been a flowing of water, hot springs if you will, thermal activity deep in its path. We have to down select for most of those coming up soon. In addition to that, in 2020, nasa will launch its xo mars rover, its a spectacular rover that indeed will make a number of measurements and nassau has a small portion on that mission but china has also announced that it launching an orbiter and a platform that will land and have a rover and begin to interrogate the surface. The uae has announced their full permission that will be in orbiter for making measurements of solar wind interactions with Martian Atmosphere and other aspects of mars. What a spectacular opening of the highway and what will be happening. Then, as we move into the decade, 2024 it was announced that martian moon exploration mm ask, is designed to interrogate the two moons of mars with the sample return. As i always like to think, they are really the space station of mars. Later on in the decade as more plants become firm up there are plans and discussions about bringing samples back both from potentially the 20 that even china has stated that there quite interested in sample returns. There is a brief scientific overview of what is happening not only in the near future but as we begin this next exciting decade of the science expiration of mars. Exploring mars is not star trek. Its not go where no human has gone before but its the pioneering effort of the science efforts that are being executed by many countries now that will be critical laying the foundation for human expiration. So, with that, let me turn it over to saeed to talk about uaes activity. Thank you. The uae we believe that, as jeff said, were at the cusp of a new age of expiration and the new space race that affects literally every human on earth. You can say that we believe, as well, that in order for us to move into the future and in order to embrace the opportunities and challenges of the future based expiration is especially and i will goal simply is to be able to collaborate and to be able to contribute to humanitys effort in the cosmos. Im supposed to have a clicker but i will just move to the next slide. What jim forgot to mention is i am the Program Director of the uaes new program of the mars 2117 program. Move to the next light. As i said, our mission and our vision is quite simple. We would want to enable the uae to contribute to committees efforts in interplanetary travel in interplanetary living and so on. Now how we might achieve that vision is by establishing a lasting colony on mars by the year 2117 with international collaboration. Very good. The pillar of this program our education we want to embed a culture of discovery and a cultural expiration into the next generation and generations to come. We want to focus, as well, as research and development and contributing to the global effort of colonizing the red planet and other bodies in our solar system as well as collaborating and building effective and lasting collaborations with individuals and with institutions and space agencies as well as and this is Important Pillar as in enable. We want to enable the active role in enhancing the global efforts to the red planet and other planetary bodies. We understand that this is a global effort and we cannot actually do this and will do everything. Based on the resources and the challenges that are presented and opportunities, we seek the role to this program and if you click on yes. One we see ourselves as supporters of this project and some we see ourselves as orchestrators where we bring two different entities together and we put them on the ground and let them run. We also want to serve as activators and leaders of some of these niche programs in areas that have not been explored yet. Now, some of you why are you really doing this . Simply, we live in the uae in a rough neighborhood as far as the world. With the neighborhood that has over 100 million use with 35 unemployment. In the uae we see to pass and one is that these numbers create a negative effect im sure you know what i am talking about or it creates a positive impact. This is one we are betting on. We want to show the region and the use that if you invest in science and technology and if you contribute to amenities efforts then you will be able to be a frontier of Scientific Technology with the rest of humanity and if you show the message that for science and technology through Space Exploration we can add it to humanitys knowledge. This is a brief review and im open to questions. [applause] switch now. Thank you. First of all, id like to thank you very much for giving me a chance to do this scenario. We made japanese integrated space expiration scenario 400. [inaudible] we have just finished the examination and to make the integrated expiration scenario. Picture is our integrated scenario and as you can see, the upper left side we put on the internet so is an example from mars expiration in this scenario integrated not only science points but we look to the future for human exploration mission. This integrated scenario is very easy to divide it. So, most of the important parts and of course, our final goal is to put a human to mars. How do i say . The mission is important. That mission is needing to. [inaudible] another good point is how to make a convenient way for the human to the mars mission like a possibility or effective ability. This integrated scenario is a very, very big picture so we need international thats important for the electability. So, our next step is. [inaudible] our final step is human to the mars but we stop on the topic of the moon so next slide, please. [inaudible] as shown on the side, next step is to utilization of the topic of the moon. If we can find water on the surface of the moon weekend use that for the few or the launch vehicle. It is the one idea to make a much more Human Mission to make it convenient. Yeah, this one is our assumption of our japanese integrated scenario so i prefer her that its bleak in the total scenario so hopefully we can introduce more. Thank you. [applause] next yes, here i am. I am not a big scenario to show you up. Instead, i will talk a little bit about the mission in which i have been involved in the last years and the xo mars mission and the xo mars mission is articulated on two launches. One is the launch that has taken place last year in march and taken a rover to mars together with. [inaudible] the Second Mission is going to leave in july 2020 and you can see from this slide that this representation has launched by means of a russian vehicle. The First Mission launched in 2015, as i said, is made of two spacecraft, the orbiter which provides the communications between mars and for the future assets to be launched to the red planet. And to the landing which you may have known as a not completely successful mission, i would say in october of last year. It arrived at the 4 kilometers and then to do the last part of its mission because of problems. The Second Mission is the one of which all the focus is now provided in europe, at least for the part of the interplanetary expiration field. Its also launched by. [inaudible] and articulated with more complex. [inaudible] this will bring to mars a big lander containing a rover. With 350 a lot kilograms approximately this is to explore the. [inaudible] the doctor nice asian which is an Italian Company and this organization asked the major contributors. [inaudible] for the 2020 mission we have a major contribution from germany of what concern the design and development and the larger contribution to the module is from russia and the international corporatization. Italy contributes with a significant for the guidance and navigation and control of the module itself is based on the experience we have acquired in 2016 mission. Finally, the rover has produced by the uk with also a good contributions which will provide the rover operation center. To come back to the 2016 mission there was a primary objective for that visibility of the landing on mars and i am used to saying that. [inaudible] i would say with a very good simulation and forecast we didnt do the landing, unfortunately, we did a hard landing, i would say. Nevertheless, we now have rover around mars and doing well and its landing and im used to identifying the space with human with the heat and she but it is going to. [inaudible] it has already provided a good support to the landing providing the communication between the most module during its landing and we seek meaning of the missions not a lot but full of. [inaudible] which will use for the 2020 mission. The rover will provide a science important science contribution by looking at the traces of gases in the Martian Atmosphere which might be an important trace of existence or life on mars. The 2020 mission, as i said before is much more complex and the main target of the mission is to find a proof of the existence of ice on the red planet. For this there is a very complex analytical which will provide old experimental means to find of the existing or existing li life. The rover is also equipped with a drill which will allow to dig into the mass down to a depth of 2 meters at which it will supposed that the affect of the navigation let me say, therefore is the reason the possibility something is still alive this will be the depth to start with. This is a orbiter which was first mounted on top of the spacecraft and the diameter internet which is used in the trace gas orbit to communicate. Here,. [inaudible] the name of the famous astronomer to the study of the red planet at the end of the 80s and the 19 century and this is the front shield which was supposed to perfect the high friction in the atmosphere and it didnt work. We have to prove that the lander was perfected and it was done correctly and that the the module which was 1200kilogram module rover and on the right that is coming in is the module which is the first one which is being manufactured and this is the module which is now ready for the testing. Of course, this is a model and this is no electronic. Finally,. [inaudible] on the left side we are finally deployed and the navigation camera are mounted. On the right you have a drone and a model of the which is the important scientific point of view. Its a complex system which is now in pairs know we are mounting, assembling, the qualification module of it. In fact, this is a view of the. [inaudible] from the left side of the model which is a good representation and on the right side the station of the qualification model which is being tested now. I have seen it working two days ago in our assembly room. I think this is it. Thank you very much. [applause] this gives us a great opportunity for questions that you may have. If we can turn up the lights and be delighted to entertain questions. Here we go. Thanks to all of you. Im larry from mit and there remains an interest in the treatment of microgravity and countermeasures for the humans to mars mission and among the many that have been discussed is trying to prove the adequacy of artificial gravity during the interplanetary portions. I know there has been consideration in japan of the possibility of demonstrating human artificial gravity inside the hdtv. Could you tell us about that . Yeah. How do i say. [inaudible] of course, our Budget Planning consider is Important Program and the main problem is to be. [inaudible] course, how do i say assuming for extra missions so maybe it is not decided yet. Maybe we can try to, how do i say antigravity vindication for our transfer vehicles. We wish you success. Thank you so much. The morning. My question is for the uae specifically. With all your success in more than africa you been able to provide such beneficial products for the weather and improving the life of those living in the farmlands and everything. With that comes your Political Support that i presume finances your success now. In regards to that social pressure that you are feeling, how and what do you think youll provide that leadership with the quality that you mentioned with getting humans to mars . In europe your question. In regard to the social pressure that you will face because you currently make products that are great for the average citizen but what does mars have to do with them in regards to that social pressure what will you provide that you mentioned earlier . Thats a very good question. That was a question that we still get today even though, for example, the emirate is currently in a cbr this week and facts. For us people dont understan understand and im sure you can understand why they dont get why humanity is venturing into but whenever you start to explain that a lot of that Water Systems used today and used in rural areas, as a direct spinoff from space and then you get the aha moment and then they go okay, yeah. Invest more in that. Ultimately, once we show them the spinoff and how todays m