Of the Television Providers give you a front row seat to democr up next United Nations secretary general Antonio Guterres talks about Artificial Intelligence technology, Climate Change and the russiaukraine and israelhamas wars. He speaks of the World Economic forum in davos, switzerland. [applause] excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, thank you very much for your warm welcome. Its good to be back, to be back and to see davos highlighting the Global Crisis in trust. I believe this crisis is the direct result of a paradox facing our world. In the face of the serious, even existential threats posed by runaway clima runaway development of Artificial Intelligence without guardrails, we seem powerless to act together. As climate breakdown begins, countries remain hellbent on raising emissions. Our planet is still heading for a scorching threedegree increase in global temperatures, droughts, storms, fires and floods are pummeling countries and communities. Before travelling to the United Nations climate talks at cop28 in dubai, i saw for myself the dramatic receding of himalayan glaciers, and the accelerated melting of the ice sheet in antarctica. Here in switzerland, glaciers are disappearing before our eyes. Some are gone forever, and others have lost 10 of their volume in just the past two years. Such rapid changes should disturb us all. 2023 went down as the hottest year on record. But it could be one of the coolest years of the future. The media has recently reported that the u. S. Fossil fuel industry has launched yet another multimilliondollar campaign to kneecap progress and keep the oil and gas flowing indefinitely. Let me be very clear again, the phaseout of fossil fuels is essential and inevitable. No amount of spin or scare tactics will change that. Lets hope it doesnt come too late. We must now act to ensure a just and equitable transition to renewable energy. At the same time, every new iteration of generative ai increases the risk of serious unintended consequences. This technology has enormous potential for Sustainable Development, but as the International Monetary fund has just warned us, it is very likely to worsen inequality in the world. And some powerful Tech Companies are already pursuing profits with a clear disregard for human rights, personal privacy, and social impact. This is no secret. Now these two issues, climate and ai, are exhaustively discussed by governments, by the media, and by leaders here in davos. And yet, we have not yet an effective global strategy to deal with either. And the reason is simple. Geopolitical divides are preventing us from coming together around Global Solutions for global challenges. Little wonder that people everywhere are losing faith in governments, institutions, and financial and Economic Systems. Dear friends, at times of existential peril in the past, the world was able to come together to mitigate risks. Even during the cold war, the world faced terrible regional conflicts and moments of great danger. But there were systems in place to promote predictability, including initiatives on arms control and nuclear hotlines. Today, many of these systems have been eroded or undermined. Instead of nuclear disarmament, there is talk of nuclear rearmament. States are spending billions, making their Nuclear Arsenals faster, stealthier and more accurate. The cold war, an era of two superpowers was followed by a brief period of unipolarity. But now, some analysts predict we are moving into a totallyom chaotic situation, in which geopolitical divides at allti levels prevent any Global Response to global threats. But i strongly believe it is possible to prevent this disastrous scenario. I am confident we can build a new, multipolar global order with new opportunities for leadership, and with balance and justice in international relations. But multipolarity creates complexity. Left to itself, it could deepen fault lines, between north and south, east and west, developed and developing economies, within the g20, and between the g20 and everyone else. The only way to manage this complexity and avoid a slide into chaos is through a reformed, inclusive, networked multilateralism. Now this requires strong multilateral institutions and frameworks, and effective mechanisms of Global Governance. Without them, further fragmentation is inevitable, and the consequences are clear. We see an epidemic of impunity around the world. We see some countries doing whatever it takes to further their own interests at all costs. From russias invasion ofss ukraine, to sudan, and, more recently, gaza, parties to conflict are ignoring International Law, trampling on the geneva conventions, and even violating the United Nations charter. The world is standing by as civilians, mostly women and children, are killed, maimed, bombarded, forced from their homes and denied access to humanitarian aid. I repeat my call for an immediate humanitarian ceasefire in gaza, and a process that leads to sustained peace for israelis and palestinians, based on a twostate solution. This is the only way to stem the suffering and prevent a spillover that could send the entire region up in flames. And i also call for a just peace in ukraine. A peace in accordance with the United Nations charter. A peace in accordance with International Law. Dear friends, geopolitical divisions are a major risk factor affecting our faltering Global Economy. Political instability is adding to economic insecurity. Meanwhile, inequality and injustice are reaching obscene levels, a serious obstacle to Sustainable Development. Oxfam reports that the worlds five richest men, and they are men, have more than doubled their fortunes since 2020, at a rate of 14 million u. S. Dollars per hour. At the same time, more than half the world, nearly five billion people, have become poorer. The World Bank Warns we are heading towards the worst halfdecade for growth in 30 years. And many of the same countries battered by Climate Chaos are in a financial chokehold. C more than half the worlds poorest 75 countries face debt distress. Their Interest Payments have quadrupled in recent years. After decades of reductions in poverty and hunger, progress has slowed and, in some countries, gone into reverse. And this is fueling resentment and anger. Dear friends, when global norms collapse, so does trust. Ar and i am personally shocked by the systematic undermining of principles and standards we used to take for granted. I am outraged that so many countries and companies are pursuing their own narrow interests without any consideration for our shared future or our common good. And i am certain that unless we take action, we can expect much, much worse. So lets be clear, reBuilding Trust is not a slogan or a pr campaign. It requires deep reforms to Global Governance to manage geopolitical tensions during a new era of multipolarity. And it is essential to building a safer, more stable and prosperous world. So dear friends, the institutions and frameworks of Global Governance, from the Security Council to the Bretton Woods system, were created 80 years ago. We cant build a future for our grandchildren with a system built for our grandparents. The United Nations is fully engaged this year in efforts to bring them up to date, rooted in equality and solidarity, based on the u. N. Charter and International Law. In september we will host arn summit of the future, focused on solutions. The summit will consider essential reforms to the Global Financial architecture to make it responsive to todays challenges and representative of todays world, countries in the global south that were under colonial rule when it was created and so they have today a minimal weight. Reforms to the Security Council, and a proposed new agenda for peace, would also help to prevent and resolve conflict, rebalance geopolitical relations, and give developing countries a proportionate voice on the global stage. Ti a Global Digital compact can turbocharge the sdgs and help to close the digital connectivity gap, share data, and build digital public goods. The private sector is in the lead on ai expertise and resources. And we need your full engagement in our multistakeholder effort to develop a governance model that is networked and adaptive. I believe the u. N. Should play a central convening role. The Advisory Board i created on Artificial Intelligence has already made preliminary recommendations on Ai Governance that tap the benefits of this incredible new technology, while mitigating its risks. We need governments urgently to work with Tech Companies on Risk Management frameworks for current ai development, and on monitoring and mitigating futur harms. And we need a systematic effort to increase access to ai so that developing economies can benefit from its enormous potential. We need to bridge the Digital Divide instead of deepening it. Dear friends, reBuilding Trust will not happen overnight, but i am convinced that its both essential, and possible. I urge everybody, i urge you to influence to prevent further damage and to get our world back on track to safety, to prosperity, and peace. And i thank you. [applause] thank you so much, mr. Secretary general. And thank you for also underlining the importance of reBuilding Trust. In many ways we are in a geopolitical recession, but not yet in a jew political depression. Jew political depression. There are finally just dont think theres possibilities when it comes to reBuilding Trust. If you look at it as the glass halffull and not half empty, there are been some errors that even in thisn polarized world s been possibilities for collaboration. I think, 28 was one. Is there, for example, opportunities to establish some traffic rules around ai you have no big advising him on this and you had the future our planet, the future summit coming up in september. So looking at this, where are the areas you still think shortterm, mediumterm theres a possibility for collaboration even in this polarized world . Well, first of all we have in particular difficult moment of geopolitical divide we are looking to peace and security. I would say before the cop we had divide among the p5, the divides were not a a threat to global peace and security. They would make it difficult to solve crisis here and there in different parts of the world. In russia and your version of ukraine and with the present situation in the middle east the p5 are deeply involved in situations that really correspond to serious risks to global peace and security. And this is an area where i do not see much easy Progress Report we solve these two problems. And in my opinion, we must solve the ukrainerussia problem with full respect to u. N. Charter and to International Law. And in my opinion, we need to solve the israelipalestinian question with the possibility to take this problem and make it an opportunity for the twostate solution to be finally something credible and something that can mobilize the two communities to live together in peace and security. So im not optimistic about immediate impacts on peace and security, but think that a lot can ben done on the economy. A lot can be done on climate and a lot can be done on technology. But for that to be possible i believe that we need as very serious negotiation between developed countries and the emerging economies. Some people say its between the u. S. And china. I think that is too simplistic. The u. S. Doesnt represent the whole of the developed world. I mean europe and just have different positions subissues. Antenna doesnt represent india, indonesia and several other countries but the truththtr is e live in an Economic System that was designed aftergn the cycle f war and basically designed by the developed countries. And we see the emerging economies with bigger and bigger weight and the Global Economy, but not similar weight in the institutions that ruled the Global Economy. So there is an area of reform in which this discussion is essential, and there is a serious negotiation on trade,n climate, and on technology that these two blocks to be able to establish. The u. N. As a platform for that. The g20 is another platform for that. I was some progress in the last g20 on some aspects of reform of Multilateral Development banks but we need to go much further and when you do use the g20 and use the summit of the future to look more seriously into how in these aspects Global Economic governance, technology, and especially ai, and climate, the emerging economies and the developed countries that still have many aspects contradictory interests can effectively come together in compromise and will be supporting it as much as we can. The of it. That is essential is, i mean yesterday another meeting with saying we have the rich, the big and the rest of the world. We need to create the level of reforms and the level of mechanisms to support those countries, and they are the majority of the developing countries, normally smaller dimension that are drowning in debt, that have no chance to recover from the impacts of the invasion of ukraine in relation to prices, high Interest Rates that are in a very dramatic situation, and able to implement the Sustainable Development goals. And there i think a lot needs to be done. Some progress was made in the g20 as there was progress in relation to climate in the cop but a lot needs to be done in orderin to allow our internatiol Financial System to be able to multiply the Resources Available for those countries. And at the same time to support the improvements of governance, the capacity for those countries to define strategies and projects that are bankable and that allow them to overcome the present difficulties. So i think we need a serious negotiation between developed countries and emerging economies, and we need a serious set of reforms to allow for the International System to give a chance for those developing countries that are excluded basically from the progress of the Global Economy to be able to catch up. Thank you. You said in your speech that i am personally shocked by the systematic undermining of principles and standards we used to take for granted. I guess you also then are referring to the period the recall the postcold war period. Where my main countries mainly were sticking to this principles. That period is now past. We are between orders. We had that order and we are a embarking into a new order. How to avoid that the new order is like the jungle going back . Whom can we, are you worried about that, or are you convinced that the principles of reforms of the multilateral system and that we build a more inclusive order also built on the main principles u. N. Charter and International Law is possible . You said, if i remember right in your speech, to the General Assembly in september, you sad something to the effect that multiplayer to is fine, but multipolarity without multilateralism and International Law is not a good idea and we tried that in europe 150 years ago. So. We are no longer in the bipolar worlds and were no longer in unipolar world. I live in both come bipolar when i was young politician, unipolar minister. So i lived in the very center of the events. This is no longer the case. But the question is, its not yet clear what kind of world will it be . I i do believe multipolarity isa positive thing to underworld in which we have the united states, you have the european union, you have japan, you have china, you have india you have brazil, you have the african union. I mean, this is something that in my opinion creates the conditions for equilibrium and for opportunities for all, but it is also true that when multipolarity is not accompanied by multilateral governance mechanisms, the contradictions within a multi polar world multiply the chances of conflict, and is at the where facing at the present moment. And there is one thing that is very interesting. I mean, with the lack of influence that the p5 members, the permanent members of the Security Council, they have much less influence with the exception of the russian invasion of ukraine, was a direct intervention of one of them. But if you dont take that into account, if you look at whats happening in different parts of the world, you had to recognize that today you have mediumsized powers that have m