The face still bearing the marks of the final death throes of the agony aunt shell blood everywhere and it is. Nothing to hide and you see how the other figures it the people standing under the cross are repelled by this violence they seem to be crushed by it go home and be unkind to ones ardent. Jonathan pan for a long fingered john the baptist is pointing to this agony to the horror of this scene in all its ramifications and violence after. The death and resurrection of jesus christ are the central tenets of the christian faith. For two thousand years the symbol of the cross has pointed to this religious mystery. You see it everywhere in the christian world. It is just. Splayed on graves it is a trademark and an ornament. It crowns the highest mountains. Yet people have always viewed the cross with revulsion and as a contradiction for the crucifixion combines two seemingly irreconcilable entities cruelty and our yearning for the divine. Get out of i associate grace thanksgiving and or with the cross and of course hes going to have you for but i have im david and feelings about researchers are not religious so it doesnt speak to me as strict charge people thought i know the meaning of the cross but i just view it as a somewhat void good for me the main issue for me was how to get across a structure and my intention is simply to make this subject accessible to none of us really know what its like a all what it isnt like the east or the mission is dismissed me i didnt. Want to glide wedges our relationship to the cross but again. Its where i grew up in the socalled christian west everybody relates to it thats how we grow up i hope its you and its whos with him and so small for some. Its strong because of tied my subject of the cross forms a large part of my artistic work but i definitely dont want to make a cross simply as a piece of decoration as they call to you i want to use my art to explore who and what we are human i see inside about you know. With dimension. And then began my is a sculptor who lives in bed. Area in southern germany the crucifixion and across are central themes in his work. For a new cemetery in munich he has created a crucifix in sculpture that departs from tradition. Bigamous intention was to give his cross something he thinks traditional depictions have lost the mystery. Because his sculpture cross in the void. Has been of the David Coleman i had the idea of making this crossing unsubstantial as a Space Shuttle the question was how. To form square oak trunks set up in a square with an empty space between them so the cross emerges in outline. Form of i dont know where you stand inside it but youre standing in this space this unsubstantial across lloyds and whether you look up you see the cross with. The cross in the void because their space isnt limited it stretches in every direction and thats very existential like our earthly existence. And. The significance of the cross for christianity began two thousand years ago in jerusalem. Here jesus of nazareth called the christ and the son of god by his followers was executed like a common criminal. Steadfast in his belief in gods kingdom on earth he was mocked and crucified as king of the. Use. His disciples fled in confusion. Then we are told he rose from the dead and appeared to them. Reports of this extraordinary event marked the beginning of christianity. The encounter inspired his disciples to go out into the world and spread his message. The german theologian Peter Schultz has studied the symbol of the cross and its message. First is this. Whats in possibly the most fascinating thing about the cross and that is that it challenges us to see the most holy the most divine being that one can imagine the creator of heaven and earth suffering and tortured and dying on the cross. As a sort of even today its a mystery as to how it could have happened that there were people who saw god in this shocking execution seems highly guess this is a bricktop they interpret it jesuss death as a reconciliation between god and the world thats whats modern arms of fiction can be seen in the context of sacrifice an idea were familiar with in classical antiquity an offering is made to appease god saw you really felt. This is my body which is given for you for the forgiveness of sins these words were reportedly spoken by jesus on the eve of his execution. Gradually the idea grew that his death was a cosmic event and that jesus was not simply a man of great wisdom and goodness but god himself. By sharing the life of humans even to the point of dying and then rising from the dead he reversed our fate opening the door to life after. The courts because theres a board of cross was always at the center of the christian message was you see this in the earliest new testament tanks but the visual symbol hardly appears for several centuries was one of the earliest depictions of a crucifixion that we know of is a drawing in rome a sort of mocking cartoon of a donkey on a cross court start of the oldest surviving to picture of jesus crucifixion is on the door of the church of st sabina on the oven time hill in rome to kids from the fifth century. And so there seems to have been some reticence about depicting the cross in the Early Church Records as christians in the first centuries seem to have had a problem accepting the symbol of defeat execution and suffering to represent their faith and their god. Youre young and forgot. The conversion of the Roman Emperor constantine marked a turning point legend has it that constantine had a vision on the eve of battle in the year three hundred twelve he saw the cross and the words in this sign conquer. He had crosses painted on his soldiers shields and he won that decisive battle the emperor converted and declared christianity the state religion. From that point on the cross lost its associations with the shameful death it spread across the roman empire first in the form of a monogram combining in the first two letters of the greek word christophes keith and for oh. Over the centuries it was increasingly figured as across. In these early depictions the crucified jesus is shown as christians of that era wish to see him already victorious over life and death living and triumphant. Heres an optimistic session this stone looks very simple at first sight or the cross has arms of equal length from the bar on its from the seventh century the guy who during the marriage engines in a sting the graves of priests and high ranking officials were marked with stones like this. As in days dark will significance is that they indicate christian graves or it is because i remember they were still heathens in the seventh century who got high haps the deceased or their relatives and hope that all wish to mark the graves so that none would be forgotten on the day of judgment on top of houston called its kind of a guessing. Originally the symbol of an agonizing and shameful death the cross became a sign of hope and redemption what christians call the mystery of faith. From this point on christians have looked for ways of expressing this faith. They have looked to artists to give visual forms to this provocative mystery and to communicate a belief that elites reason. Either the next battle has decided this work doesnt look at all like a crucifix or through the but i would say use of the voice was focusing here in one nine hundred seventy one on aspects of death and resurrection which the cross represents your hints because its. A simple wooden crate. An ammunition crate from the Second World War its contents represented dan. Above the crate the dead trunk of a spoon. The trunk of the Christmas Tree as a symbol of christs birth. Nailed to the crate a twisted crucifix a depiction of the crucified christ. And finally on the tree a small sculpture. A miners lamp as boys call the sculpture of a light source. Make up the stars and cough what i believe is a universe of ideas around the question of the cross is that an hauffe is it a sign of hope or is it a symbol of death it is a minute here in this to and fro we as of us a challenge to form our own opinion to adopt our own position and. To think it cannot win and i think that in this way it connects us with a long tradition of the cross as a christian symbol. Where confronted with a question what do we want of quite simply life or death. Leaving the top guns ive. Come on beagle maya began his artistic career as a wood carver training at the famous open a muggle school in southern germany where hes now a teacher. The over im a gal crucifixes bearing the traditional medieval corpus a world famous. As a puzzle but no i attended the school myself more than forty years ago it was a formative experience and still is this is the students here are all individualists and all that it is mostly technical skill that tortilla the handicraft was here for me to this day learn how to copy a Historical Sculpture in this case a figure of christ in exact detail just except its appropriate and. I. A town full of crucifixes over im a gal in the bavarian alps. The tradition of wood carving here goes back five hundred hears. But religious wood carving is a dying profession. A kris a fix in the home common in germany until quite recently is a rarity now. Nowadays people who seek spirituality tend to search somewhere else. But. For many that means nature. Mountaintops have always figured as places of spirituality in ancient myths and even biblical stories. Places where you can encounter god and through god yourself. Christians are no exception and have planted their cross on the peaks. People who climb mountains often describe experiences they cant find elsewhere. Perhaps because the wide vistas make them aware of their own weakness and imperfections. Thats the nature does have a special spirituality it has its own spirit and guys that all feel it but this aura of holiness is closely related to what religions associate with the divine and the holy writ. In hiding for being. In eighteen tan the german romantic artist cast by david flint white painted mourning in the lease and. At the time people argued about whether the cross was appropriately displayed. But the artist stood at the vanguard of a new movement. More than a quarter staff the law modern depictions of the cross usually play with the idea of disappearance with distance with a transitory than the historical cross on gaza appears to be sinking further and further into the fog of history its infinitely far away. The only way left open to us to keep it in the present is not the historical reconstruction of events that occurred two thousand years ago but to grasp it inwardly does you know if youre a fossil. What for me could the symbolism of the cross adopt now. Pam and beagle meyers killed it wouldnt sculpture evolved from the idea of folding a blank sheet of paper. In folding the paper he created across. Towards us and people have been making crosses for more than two thousand years so its very difficult to come up with a new version of a new perspective a new way of depicting the cross. Duster knows where to find it. Has little interest in art as an an with flecked of active piety hes more interested in the conflict between art and faith. Image than of the saw in both of us i always like to try something new the reason i like this piece of wood is that it gives me a structure. A subject of a cross isnt limited to the material is it scatters visually it radiates insists on the op the get this done saw thats the idea is that its always a lot however i only know if it works after ive done it i first have to try it on reason do it just when its bought up was abolished rabiya. Cologne cathedral. In one of the side chapels a sculpture produced in the year nine hundred seventy. This is the garo cross the oldest extant crucifix that no longer shows christ in a triumphant heroic posture but in his wounded humanity tortured and already dead. It was a watershed in the art of depicting the crucifixion. Around the turn of the first millennium a new school of theology involved emphasizing a more human redeemer one who had truly suffered. Artists began portraying christs death on the cross in gory detail the welts of his lashing his dislocated limbs. The suffering of jesus was interpreted as a declaration of gods love for the world a love that never abandons but shares in the experiences of people even the experiences of suffering and death. Im overwhelmed this is an ivory cross from around eleven sixty seconds of no period in which artists could show christ either alive or dead its hard to really because this is im still the living christ is the more original the older version inherited from the early middle ages and helsel hes a ruler who stands on the cross of another development took place around the turn of the millennium portraying the suffering christ as the sideboard and the emphasis was no longer on the roulette but on the suffering human mentioned it does this crucifix is a mixture of the two the body isnt really hanging on the cross its Still Standing but it was a little less life in it and when. But the eyes are closed in death. One comes in different you see that the feet are rather smooth as opposed to food as one that suggests that they were often touched and. Possibly kissed. Its clearly an object that was venerated over a long period when the people prayed in front of. You. How can the historical goal gulf our event ever be depicted adequately how can we capture it in the present. Even the attempt to do so has had its religious critics. A catechism written by a dutch jesuit in sixteen zero six describes important aspects of the Christian Life in one hundred chapters. It ends with an engraving bearing the caption the use of the origin of faith. First decide to enter this engraving is a very odd version of the scene on. It shows christ carrying his cross and visibly suffering surrounded by a throng of painters sitting in front of the easels and obviously trying to capture the scene on canvas you know however if you look closely youll see that none of them is really able to do this which is giving theres a completely different scene on each canvas and some of them are absurd was a. Painters are only portraying their own view of the event the engraving suggests that every dish will representation of christ says more about the artist than their subject when curtis later interviewed could perhaps interpret it as saying what the real meaning of the scene cannot be visualized by the painters are obviously painting Something Else just as every attempt to explain the process and its meaning to articulate it or to be painted on a mental canvas is doomed to fail but the article young lets try it on was. Does the cross symbolize hope does it provide assurance or give rise to doubt. For the the faithful. Cross also represents the mystery of what happened after jesuss death. Without the resurrection it would not have become such a powerful symbol of christianity. One of how many beagle myras sculptures portrays both death and resurrection during the christian holy week and it easter its on display at a Village Church in bavaria big on my concert resurrection cross. I wanted to portray the cross or the resurrection cross floating in the air not touching the ground its unsubstantial and the body is no longer hanging on it eat with us misty gets hot cocoa permit us. Easter the feast of the resurrection is inextricably linked with good friday the day jesus died. The story of jesus doesnt end with his death on the cross it begins a new life with resurrection which clover the. Good ark of all fifty of the profound meaning of the resurrection of jesus all is one of redemption and of but death and dying have no more power over us see here in the end toward fall in with the message and purpose of jesus his life and preaching is that god is close to us especially when we feel that hes absent. Dimension just says it was on the film for. So in the angst of posts innocent of years do not have the final word that is the mystery behind across court. People have been trying to understand this mystery for two thousand years Cameron Bigelow meyers contribution is a cross made of cloth like those in which jesus is crucified body was wrapped william start of justice team of the clouds flow to me yet we the folds and the directions in which theyre pointing are like the rays of light clothes dont normally fall like this if it was three but you can sense the body between them as if the body was still there but it isnt there as you did that can the same way the cross also isnt there anymore only the clothes are there to signify the person humanity the cross resurrection gods oversteer. Thank you for. The book. The book. The book on the boat. A strength in numbers and collective intelligence and small arms of sticklebacks always manage to punish. A single one on its own cant do that quite so stephen if such capabilities. Researchers have found a decisive in an. Oral tradition thirty. 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This is t w news coming to you live from berlin performing for peace some of south koreas best known bands play a rare concert in shown yet north Korean Leader kim jong un tell state media he was deeply moved by the experience so what does it mean for diplomacy also coming up in syria rebel fighters are reported to have agreed to