Establishment turned overnight into nazi collaborators . 4th thing that i thought spangler gave us 1st Class Performance is that are still admired today. Building. Oh ok, cool. And it was a folks that then for all, far gone down in auschwitz, 1 may have half the Vienna Philharmonic sitting around. Its part of the german culture, jewish prisoners performing mozart and schumann and beethoven. For the german god, denazis denazis succeeded in destroying many things, had music you cant destroy back up what love you can try that. Its impossible, hulu. Ah. Ready mm ish, anita, alaska, and her daughter, she couldnt us but as long as she has been considered sounds like a valid comparison. Come out with yeah, we havent approach. We suddenly heard an announcement in english of english to cherish this. You know, i cant remember exactly how it went, but it said we were supposed to stay where we were was in. When the british came, they had no idea what they would find. They thought they were liberating a prisoner camera, but this wasnt a prison camp. It was a pit of corpses and elation. Goober laughlin was mr. Kyle, for a lot longer to time, is in the indian others less lava farm. Then she wants me to this boy mentioned yourself, and boy replenished the cry of whom i had vast. Agatha vasa, but i have on your own vassar dimensions in for dos with or to food is not only come a hot in for media leap to be live your free, remind you boss to speed, but for some it was too late to resume. Thats how it was. It was indescribable because we suddenly were alive. Yeah, ever. He commissioned that you probably heard timble bees description of bells, and 5 and fun. Beltran nelson was unimaginable image over an acre of ground, lay dead and dying people. You could not see which was which, except perhaps by a convulsive movement or the last quiver of aside from a living skeleton too weak to move this day. A belgian was the most horrible of my life. That kind come the face of the let me have a meeting with you havent thought that you have a key for more loyal kind of kind of kind of me to come in when i get a chance im billed for minute rest as a video of my talking to a british soldier and another 3 guy walking back to the canada flag. Sure glove on its been a fat me speaking the mr. Manish rest of the price in half in pretty dish. I think hes having fun to listen to the family but the guns because right after the session or not makers, i remember i was sitting somewhere and someone told me there was a jeep or something from the b, b, c. They want to interview people and that i should go over in with my 1st encounter with a microphone with me call full dimas, make sure he should have to be in touch. Ms. Shane that happened to ben when dimensions and carnegie ross. Hi reading, aka. Thats a lot mazique democracy. Thats the punishing him was he kept on the course bass, living water, mazique, mac i always somehow knew that in my mind the cello saved my grandmothers life. So that was always somehow in the atmosphere of the family story. Ah, ah, its a still sketch and he claims spaces for im of that in house. Does it was shes up to speed that was coming yet going mother. Yeah, hes been such to absent, doesnt zulu. Ah, after the 2nd world war, german conductor vill him fort bang. This career was also on the brink of ruin. The victorious power saw him as hitlers pet. Maestro, he was banned from performing, and in 1946 was brought before a di, nuts, vacation tribunal. Ford rang that faced. Uncomfortable questions . Was he a nazi . Did he bear any guilt . Why hadnt he left germany . Ah, in 1947, the tribunal classified fort wrangler. As a follower, a category that carried no penalty in he soon began performing again with the berlin fellow monex. And his return to the stage was a great success. Ah. Home foot wrangler was born in berlin in 1886. His musical career took off at an early age of 20. He was already conducting symphony orchestras. The story but signed us. It is so powerful and i say this is some one in the same profession. I gotta keep, it doesnt get better than that. He thinks sometimes i think if someone can conduct like that, then maybe i should just pack up and quit. Thats not really a nice feeling. Him listening to fort langley elicits everything from profound exhilaration to the sense of being completely insignificant and powerless. Guns client mock last food ah ah stablished under as i do believe something emanated from him, something extraordinary is under that transcended the music. Something deeply human at 1st. And then when he stepped on to the stage, you had this sudden sense of rapid sighing then, and actually inhabited to separate. Well this man, hes at 58. Ah, hes unquestionably a genius musician. But he is part of the german people and he has no particular sympathy for the victims. On the contrary, the only person or people that force angler feels any pretty for is for he says the occupy germans the way we are suffering now under the under the under the occupation of foreign armies. The way they are making me suffer, ah ah, in the early 19 thirtys, germany was considered the land of music with a rich tapestry of sounds like music, jazz, Classical Music and contemporary compositions were all very popular. This musical diversity ended when the National Socialists came to power in january 1933, the new right chancellor. At off hitler took control of Parliament Within weeks and appointed himself the fewer. And he also set the tone for the nations music. The irish but the music of careers. Biggest bouldering poker for pinned on others for his did as commute. B b. Just jump in. Its think i ended up. Id been for startled read again. Ah fine. Deep side omitted by the nazis seized power. In 1933, they immediately launched a series of what have become known as wild purges, excited does few to oh, of gwinnett. Because of those purges and because of the intense and frequent violence on the streets and even in concert halls, many people in the music profession left germany at this very early stage war satire also to escape persecution for last not, not in 444 boom florence in awe, as minister of public enlightenment and propaganda. Joseph gerbils was responsible for music and culture in the nazi stage. Soon after the nazis came to pass, he established the right chamber of culture which included the rush chamber of music. Membership was compulsory for any one in the field. And so these institutions allowed gerbils to control german cultural life. And the allocated posts and titles to his office of choice is that the video men of dominant had an independent maintenance come on the country up because that, that even even if depth you feel that i would do a comma. It is m u d i was the gamma whom lady denton. And i am was if you liked or dr. Lee got the house to mislead on this, blair did the art that and im really kicked out that dr. Lambert dangler as Vice President of the right chamber of music, fill him for wrangler, was turned from an un political artist to a political figure. He also received the honorary title of prussian state counsellor food wrangler was so important to the nazis that they put him on the list of god began arbiten artists that were gifted by god. Ah lucy, god twisty deutsche music was considered the most german form of art hosta asked at spoke directly from the racial sold because it was so important. The state invested a great deal of money in it when they believed music shaped the racial soul of a puzzle from within. Just have an educational quality. It shake. The racial essence of the nation and mission were built in san addison plague. Oh ah ah. The nazis could say, we are a cultural nation. We are a cultural people, you couldnt possibly suspect that were doing something that was on cultural. This is our justification. We are a nation of culture and culture is our cover. Ah, [000 00 00;00] ah, its you know, if they was driving for global recognition, greatness and National Pride when music became so intertwined with race, everything derived from a foreign race had to be eliminated. Aussies for oscar, shed mm. Ah. Gavin and duchess data and induction and a died ship west and died. She slipped 2 and a died, forbidden the const and a dodge and was eager and indulgent onto the out. We are of egan on spoke about the i van. Its gave the kind of move it got. You didnt ask him good, good, good to a laban to design began vedantam to feel that they would be the league and let them know if it gets you cant and it lengthened italy. Oh yeah. I think i was happy ever kind asked glen glen gather, said we can spectacularly replaced these jewish musicians. We dont need them musica oft burleson. I believe they did. Even in germany. Yeah, most java. My box is taught staple oxygreen, deutschland ah versa, around 300 kilometers east of the rise capital berlin. Today the city is called broad swath and belongs to poland. Anita alaska was born here to a German Jewish family in july 19. 25 is almost an august i. Catherine was at the time a fairly ordinary family. Was eager. And so just let us know, marlowe music was just normal, which heightened before mom. These were the days before the bell had televisions. We played music at home. My mother was also a musician, so there was always music, mississippi and build for movies though. Theres a photo of me sitting on the ground with a little broom and a comb, ease, and sheet music in front of me. And im pretending to play the cello to just be sharon billy, or my parents probably said, i think the child wants to play the cello. So they bought me a very small one. And her auto. He says to auto this one was my 1st teacher. But then things became difficult and unlike them because as i grew older, i still wanted to play the cello, but there were no cello teachers left in bracelets who were willing to teach a jewish child and shallowly, la, and bertha. And you to just kinda understand what i read to whats worth recently and i went to the house from the to warehouse was walked around the city to imagine the space center walked to help on both walked over and over the university. And you think this was a really concert direct German Jewish family. Theyre unsafe, they were safe until suddenly done. Com. D z to as soon as mom, hes not belinda sheet. That was, i was sent to berlin, where there was still a jewish cello teacher who would teach me as records that was shortly before the 9th of november. So i was in berlin at the time. When i had shallow lessons with lay of hostile for 6 months, luckily i dunc gigis ex mona gave me something i could draw on hold just not a yard when he shouted you and then came crystal, not the night of broken glass, did he coastal enough to him my mother called and said, i should come home straight away. Behold, at that moment everything changed. His faded. We realised there was no place for us, but unfortunately it was too late to speak. Ah, who . Wishin noise in the midst of the stucco or you dont you shun among the war by ina right . Literature food. She knew lawyers only sugar feverish. Tough adults with miller hold off. Oh my god. Oh oh oh. The fascination of foot wrangler begins with that with the wave that he conducted the way to communicated with musicians. The ways we communicated with audience. And there was nothing like it at the time. But every major conductor, since certainly every major conduct, alive to day, has had to absorb something footprint in order to achieve what they want to do as musicians. Oh, exclaimed zone absolute, it sounded so completely spontaneous and his freedom with temper radiated such amazing simplicity. Of course you had to submit yourself to his well is i know it is, i am good, wasnt just vertical by this law right up and down there because hes conducting was often very elastic with, with a great sense of naturalness. You had the sense that he was composing the music while conducting company is very as d o, as was gaap, sheesh, niemen diaz. There was no Single Person who could have been more of an embodiment of german music. If you want to call it that than foot bangla, he was the head of germanys most important orchestras, the berlin philharmonic and the shots cappella morning. And he performed his cor repertoire there in a way that was Ground Breaking and influential signed can repertoire. Is it just out of steel mutant fog . Ah, dont he looked as unknown higher . There was something quite different about it. In a freer, darker, not as luminous seemed billing t, and yet very powerful. Without will you know her well make of i take it had the force of convictions, homeschool fight. Ah, ah, ah, why . He always talked about german music. There might have been something a little bit too much about it, but it was important to him and so was staying in germany. Cant blame it. Blame. I love that has been with charles lincoln. What a person she come into bertram with bryan paid for sometimes you gotta switch. Oh sweetie. Look at them aint bit ah, come a hush on. I feel sad came from a family where conversation revolved around things. If great, beautiful michelangelo talked about michelangelo, he was extremely knowledgeable about olsby as of out that art and only uh huh. Asking when it came to politics wow. Yeah. Ah, does mad us be with our possessions on foot wrangler, on wrangler, was convinced that politics and art were 2 entirely separate entities. When does and that because music embodies eternal values in a sense and transcends day to day politics. It was obvious that music had to be free of political influence. And does he a desk beaten off eyes . I was from 20 to shine. Philos nominate propaganda minister. Gerbils sought power and control. Even in the arts. This made the berlin Philharmonic Orchestra all the more important to him. In 1933, the privately run ensemble was in financial difficulty. Gerbils nationalized the philharmonic and turned it into the right orchestra, saving the jobs of the musicians. But there were 4 jewish musicians among them, including concertmaster. She moaned goldberg as this, but in fear fair and yahoo, the com, you know that in these 4 cases the musicians were subjected to increasing pressure in order for their contracts were simply not extended. So does he, that they were all pushed out of the orchestra by 1935 at the latest orchestra or schofield vill home fort wrangler backed the musicians. But the pressure from the regime was too great. Shimon gold bag and the other jewish musicians of the berlin philharmonic left germany to escape the nazi dictatorship. Damn pan, brown pan but on it and i dont on that. Id be glad i get right into it. Right. Ah. In 1934 foot finger stood up for composer. Pol hinder mit her symphony. Mattie there marla, he planned to perform with the berlin philharmonic. What followed was a power struggle with gerbils who forbade the concert. The nazis found hinder mits, modern style of music, unacceptable. And foot wrangler, who had made his one stand against the regime on this thing on this one, on this item in a brilliant fil, a volley Program Never had another confrontation with the regime. They simply stared him down and he was too afraid for his position. An ad for his personal interests ever again to stand up to gerbils, let alone take. Ah. Under pressure from the nurses foot wrangler, came to a decision. He stepped down as leader of the berlin philharmonic conductor of the stage opera and Vice President of the rice chamber of music. Gobbles manipulates him in an almost faustine fashion. And the relationship between for to england girls is very much a false deon relationship. Thats our her easy bream. When the fact is, he stayed there and participated in his own way. Me through music was regarded ah, by spring 1935 viewed him, fort wrangler, was back on stage, conducting the berlin philharmonic. He was rehabilitated and once again celebrated by audiences and high ranking nazis. Ah. And so he makes his pat with the devil. This is the deal. He stays in germany. He doesnt make waves. He conducts for the nazis wherever they want him to conduct. He conducts in front of a huge swastika. He is morally degenerate. Ah ah. Why . When the nazis came to power in 1933, germany had around 65000000 inhabitants. About half a 1000000 of whom were german jews. A so called non ariens, they were dismissed from the workforce. Almost all German Jewish musicians lost their jobs even extend happen, given very few people had the financial means to emigrate them, but it was a hugely expensive undertaking. By few vast not. And many people also identified with germany when the torch lunch deal was where they lived and worked to see many for decades. And they identified very strongly with that when sees. And vaccines docked immediate and if its yet, hm, ah, in 1933 unemployed, jewish artists established the co tolben deutsch. Are you the Cultural Association of german jews . It was a kind of self help organization that enabled jewish musicians to continue performing with their own orchestras and ensembles. Alongside berlin, munich was a hub of this cultural life to settle santa nissan coolant. Asked us, as the interesting thing about these Cultural Associations, was that for a long time, some form of jewish cultural life continued to exist in nazi germany. Strickland, of course it was kept entirely separate and under the firm control of the nazis or but it did make it possible for jews to perform works that were drawn from the german musical tradition, while at the same time renegotiating their jewish identity, excited quantity of interest in 2010 more founder. Ah, you offended to shorten northeast and cargo. This is still where the main shopping area is today. No. Hows the and coughing a toss out. He worked here and im from and on this side street until 1938. Thats where the main synagogue was, where major symphony concerts took place and concerned about this was a start from ah, in that we met about that so hope to know and right by the main synagogue, there were at least 2 jewish music shops. Where until the mid 19 thirtys, you could still buy recordings by jewish artist, often content with them and one part stross and im just a few streets further on pulmonologist processed on youd find the palais points. Yeah. Which hosted smaller concerts for the jewish Cultural Association to your district. Rhetorical instructor for non o d. U booked as union deportations did not start an earnest until 1940 towards noon. Thats why and 5th, c o. D different as you want on guns for. She had munch and each one was different. Some people was snatched from the st. Paul, in our case, our parents received and left at telling them to report somewhere within 24 hours. That only my parents, not me, your renatta is dead. Witnessed you not to and of course we wanted to go with our parents represent in retros.