Is minus 20 degrees celsius outside that mortgage macowski has no problem with the cold. Shes fascinated by inch an ice. Such ice only exists and a few places on us, with temperatures always below freezing the powder regions and particularly High Altitude places in the mountains. Samples from such a mountain glaciers is stored here in the lapse coal chamber. This ice is several 1000 years old. As insulation, ice contains lots of the bubbles and thats why its a fantastic archive because we can directly analyze the arrows, the palm. Its the only archive on us can do that. I see, i see some of the adams in collaboration with the International Research group. Ice memory chick off ski wants to collect samples from High Mountain glaciers on all in competed continents. Her goal is to research the climate of mountain regions thousands of years ago. And to use the data to improve regional climate, full cost, be honest, able to dots and also i, we have very good data from ice cores and im talk to codes about only affects tristan directly general in the likes and tennessee. Of course, Climate Change is global worldwide, as in fact, but we want more precise information for the regions where people live for different going well because thats why you have to take measures to protect people from Climate Change and by spending dimensions, the sheets and for them came by guessing to the engine ice is always an adventure tie. Con. Bolivia is a non e mountain in 2017. The target glacier life is now 2 to 6400 meters. 3 such as drill down to the rocky bedrock. Not the very books in the ice is 18000 years old, only in the potent regions as the ice older. The ice is made up of layers that correspond to use and seasons. When to produces lighter ice than summer, pertaining the chemical analysis can determine the exact age. If the ice melts, vital data will be lost forever. The closest problem, if thats the biggest problem now of course is Climate Change itself. Its an unbelievable force and because of it, were having increasing difficulty finding places that distill suitable for this kind of reset as the fossil or reset to object is dwindling away. Spend the time in 2018 chevy. Kosky was with the Ice Memory Team on blue, 4500 meters, the highest mountain inside the area. On the glacier between the 2 peaks, she and her team spend almost 3 weeks in the freezing cold. They were able to drill down to the bedrock, a 160 meters deep. Or now the cool samples from the glacial lies in front of her in the cold chamber. Normally the research is what they weigh into the depth, typically shift bit by bit from top to bottom. But here the most important question was how old is the i sample on the edge dropped within it . We will see for curious of cool off to the ice of items, but so then we started studying the lowest layers and we now know its much older than 10000 years old. Now the systematic examination begins the reset. Shes wear gloves when handling the ice. So was not to contaminate that piece by piece sunset. Blanca and giovanni buckler works a way into the past. First, they saw a real fiance last son to the plug. I wants to nature, examine them to pull in to find out which ponds grew inside bay area. Thousands of years ago, the interior of the ice school will be used to search for hydrogen ions, the types that can determine its age, as well as the climate gases and fine dust. The old ice from the glacier that lies 7000 kilometers east of the alps is now this into the iron chromatograph. The chemist use it to determine the levels of that pollution in the past as this on the so heres the precious collection i just now we still discount so that we can do a chemical analysis on it. Theyre looking for gases that have been preserved for thousands of years. Greenhouse gases like c o 2 and me thing, but also particulate matter that cruise. The climate from volcanic eruptions and forest bias. For example, of the traces of nitrate search, sol, sage, ledge, and other elements in the ice also reveal human activities, some of which are not yet documented. Laska, i looked across the ones with a whats really interesting and that surprised us as the developments in europe and russia actually looks very similar. And then each of us, we didnt expect the because in europe they introduced pollution control measures in the seventys and eightys. But enough to and russia, month of august on done then we learned even before the collapse of the soviet union, the economy was stuck. Ne thing always, even in the recession, and as a result, they no longer than just money, fossil fuels, and so it must have less so for dioxide for see the bunch stuff up on pet or bench biking to him. That was also a surprise for us because the data one to accessible instead of coolest one published by the soviet union, but not to the corporate yet. What of what the, the ice caused proof that, that really was a decline even before the collapse of the soviet union. And also as adults had months on flawed and collapsed as of late. I dont, im actually caught the i samples from the alps contain even more surprises. For example, that the ancient romans were already policing the. Yeah. With toxic let from mining. It was not until the full of the roman empire, the became senior again, the more active the economy, the jesse of the, at something thats still true today of us employers, lets say also the Interest Rate is that we can also see these concentrations coming down again on donald guns, todd so that we can clearly show that the pollution control measures that weve introduced to also to stop for a sty back and ask rain, have had an impact as if it could. We can take action if we want to. We can improve things if its the best time to come, then youve set t on montero is a 4500 meters high. Its one of the last calculations in the out. The scientists hurry to recover as many i samples as possible, the full melt tool to contaminate some small good should be called sky. Notice from previous expeditions that the ice varies ancient. Shes determined to recover it and succeeds has, has the team planned to store some of the ice cools and talks to cap and creation, all kinds of ancient glacial ice. Which such an archive be safe and then towards the guys satellite images shows that and Arctic Sea Ice has been breaking up. Unusually early. A recent study shows how its caused the deaths of thousands of emperor or penguin checks as the off spring. Dont have the time to develop water proof feathers. Projects are either drowning freezing or starving to death. Human made Climate Change as the cause and penguins werent the only species suffering. As we see in germany, a cold loving trout that lives in oxygen rich streams and rivers. A toad with a yellow belly that needs puddles to survive. On the bed that likes to lay it. Sikes and other birds nests. Just 3 of many species, native to germany, whose existence is threatened by Climate Change. The author, the cheese that were needed here, but are unable to tolerate the new conditions will become very rare or even die out or migrate students. Some german studies say about a 3rd of species will be negatively impacted, negative 5 low said another species, among them is the brown trout, profess cool condition. Somewhere between 7 and 19 degrees celsius ellipse and foss, flemming, and class streams and rivers. In the future of ritual to temperatures are expected to rise significantly, especially in how some of those things may become critical to the ground trouts. To water temperature of 25 degrees celsius, the adult fish can just about survive. Whats above that they die. The reason is the oxygen levels go down and well move to the trans touch. We need more oxygen at high temperatures because that metabolism is working harder and they. Busy will need also the moment when the water temperatures get too high and well try to move to cooler water. It will migrate up hill and at some point a force their habits have wont exist anymore. Its home for by the streams they need simply wont be available, and that would be the end of the brown trout in central europe. Theres a host for the buffalo. What determines whether the Climate Change hits the species with full force that were full foxes . Its an animal species, as location sensitive, im not very immobile. If its sensitive to temperature changes, if it needs a particular and continuous habitats, and i may be found by or if its already in danger. And the population has already shrunk to more points that apply to a species. However, its hit. In the german state of has a 130 endangered species to protect it, to die out as a result, Climate Change, the Yellow Valley tired as one of them. Its normally found in what lands and stuff and, and central gemini, many of which have already been destroyed by humans. The yellow belly type need small puddles and palms to lay at school. Baltic stream, weather events like droughts and heat waves are becoming more frequent in germany, and thought to expose the end for the species. And citizens at the table, for the or for them to the ends are a group of animals that depend on what conditions are small ponds and water holes. And these run the risk of drawing out during hot spells are drowned by your sites were already experiencing this to a great extent and places in the state of brandon birth. For example, about 80 percent of all amphibians have already disappeared because the spawning waters are simply no longer there. And you can move on to make to conservation and ga, not be estimate. So there are about 600. 00, although Yellow Valley tides less than the job and stay to pass. That makes the 5 centimeters long, tired. One is the rarest dumps at the end. Its highly endangered throughout germany just likes the Yellow Valley tired. The crew also has a climate related of the spring problem in the spring, every time stomachs, wintering, grounds in Southern Africa and mates. The females and liaison and the last of another bad unless it huh. The Climate Change is upsetting the pads with on the, on the, on the shield as clearly we had a shift of almost a month in the onset of spring on central europe, which means that many bird species start breeding are like, are co from short. And theyre migratory routes to return earlier in may even benefit by making several broods per year. Is of a meal of working for you all. The cuckoo, however, is a Long Distance migrant that winters south of the equator. It can reduce its migration revenue because then it would end up in the mediterranean or in this a heart was all along because of the earlier on such of spring along with the destruction of the habitats of the highest beds. Cookie populations have declined in england, for example, its numbers have dropped by 60 percent, and the last to yes to many animal species, Global Warming means heat, drought, and a change of that habitat. If the average global temperature rises by one degree vegetation site is just about 200 kilometers towards the polls, or about 200 meters of puts in altitude. For instance, in the out. Some species that depends on certain conditions count, keep up on, are in danger of becoming extinct. The same applies to species. The already live at the polls or very High Altitudes. The brown tramped is unable to escape. If a stream dries up, who becomes to whom estimates suggests 90 percent of it suitable habit testing, gemini could be lost by the end of this century on so many native species of eco systems, climate stress due to heat some drought is already a reality today. Devastating wildfires hit again this summer and especially badly in canada and greece increasingly often the blazes seem to spiral out of control just not just due to dried out forest floors but also fair in tree tops. Research teams can tell from tree canopies how endangered the trees are weather in tropical rain forests, where europes commercial timber lands Climate Change has arrived in germany and its forest. But how exactly can you recognize this impact . Fits the question by on logistics in a z, as in his students so well hang on, answering the types of research, tyler at the university of kaisers lawson. For example, theyre investigating how Climate Change shows often the treetops this interior in regular 170 year old oak forest here and were interested in the plant organisms and micro organisms. Sunset can grow in the canopy of the tree, often boy and bucks. The work takes them to the very top of the research, tell us that hes 6 meters above ground. Once that assign just to measure the house and activity of the most is in like in. So theyve of fixed yet the more humid does the house yet. And more active, they are on the more active they are, the more of the Greenhouse Gas c o 2, they can absorb the well being of the most isnt like in salt pet is representative of the house and so far as the eco system, the inputs in order for these organisms are interested in these organisms because they are very sensitive, very sensitive to changes in climate so not to allow this allows us to detect con matic changes very, very early. So you could also call it an Early Warning system button system, which means this saturday, Warning System made up of most as in like ins, indicates that the dry and hot some is, are affecting the quantity of the habitat as well as already causing Serious Problems for the x rays growing here, they become more susceptible to diseases and parasites. And then the bar tree at the university of kaiser slauson kind of vs and his students are investigating another aspect of Climate Change in the forest. He is, the focus is on which insights currently live on the trees. It matters because most insects, a habits always and feed on assessment tree species. And if its the shes when she disappeared used to Climate Change, the consequences would be far reaching the im sure i need to understand what else when some vice can have what we found in some simulations that is important to us. We usually use such as beach, are missing to tie, set up to 30 or 40 percent of the insect species are lost. So that is definitely an indication that the change can be very dramatic. They have on to say a telemarketer sign, such as scenario would not only impact insects and trees species and dashed a level in 16 pressing at the point where plant eating insects the leaves. The 1st transfer of plans into the food chain takes place logic. It coming from flooding, seen in the novel condition, all the other organisms of deforest, including humans, depend heavily on an inch because without food welds and without this transfer of materials here. So keep this, there is no longer a functioning eco assessed though. Kind of presto, no protection of food because its cetera. To prevent this, we must password protect by diversity and ensure that Forest Management is economically sensitive. Been once a vice booth, fisher still does suspicion. The po, for example, you find that there are certain trees issues that are particularly susceptible to Climate Change and couldnt. And then you could prioritize replacing the history as in the forest talking 5. What was the human or you could just protect these trees. Species in particular, through certain forestry measures to from districts, jewish pushing defaults. Other protective methods include fostering next stage a mix species for us with drought resistant trees. Species. Oh, trees should be left as long as possible as they promote 5 diversity. A wide range of trees, species is also important mode. Ive asked to makes insight comp, networks less to set to to species extinction. Trees are great absorbers of climate damage in Carbon Dioxide. But the worlds peak lands are even more efficient and sucking up to c. O 2, than all its forests put together, untouched or restored peace lands make an important contribution to climate and species protection. And they can also protect against the flooding. This example is from the southern german states of the various landscape fuller full to the nickel. Hi michelle. Its a positive one of the largest pete lens and stuff in germany. The area used to look like this, covered with ditches and the water level, still fairly low. It a huge peak, took struction area. How are you raised some back . I still remember the time back when he was still a little boy to the show to it. If you look down there, the whole area was black and under when the wind blew, we never clouds of dust and everything was dark and black looked like scorch stars. We frontier this will get somebody more than 200 years ago. Petes was caught by hunter to heat living rooms towards the end of the 19th century began to be extracted on an industrial scale fast as fuel. Then from the 1950s, mainly for potting soil. Those practices ended in 2005 and now the water is collected instead of drained something that helps the climate wildlife and humans. Landscape ecologist canadian has been working with people. And since the 1980s, she knows the home for interventions come the rapacious and the peat land and then provide even more she and her husband examined the quality of the pizza oil here in the casing. Those most intox petersons come, retained enormous amounts of cool to do that for one of natures most efficient tools against flooding. For you just 12 most each pete, most of the species holds 26. 00 times its own way from rain. For this i can give you and says, i need a flock of an ox, like a giant sponge finicky him. It said weve managed to secure massive flood protection for nikolai restoration started in 3005. 00. And since then, we havent had any more flooding application, go to this nature as of a section of pete lenses. We not true lies that the beginning of this year, the drainage that just for the form of pete cutting were filled in about 30 pete dams. Now prevent water from flowing out here yet, slow, 400. 00 and then on to media, that will be few of the berry bushes that still dominate here for you. Very much. A dimensions are only 2 months old. So its very newton switched to see that look much more challenging in the long run, and after a few y