Emissions are harming the environment and our health. Electric cars claim to offer a much cleaner solution but its not that straightforward because making the battery itself still requires a great deal of any. Visitor to the crystal is in munich a working on the car battery of the future guardian of phocians weve built a complete production line for lithium ion batteries which encompasses all the production steps from the starting materials to the finished cell goal is to make the production more efficient cheaper and more environmentally friendly to go in but for sure some of. This is where the production begins copper and aluminum foil is a coded with nickel manganese and cobalt which is expensive. Manufacturing a battery requires a lot of raw material on the more powerful the battery the greater the Environmental Impact and. Battery manufacturing also requires a great deal of water that also adds to their environmental footprint when compared to the manufacturing of gasoline and diesel powered cars. After the coating process theres also a drying stage that takes energy the research is want to make this manufacturing process more efficient so that it uses as Little Energy and Raw Materials as possible these electrodes layers for example should be a completely even surface another goal is eliminating as much room material waste as possible waste copper for example generates high levels of particulate emissions. The researches also want to make the batteries more powerful which will shorten charging times for that to happen the charge carrier in the battery needs to be able to flow quickly and easily. Thats why a laser is making holes in the electrodes. The holes should be as thin and uniform as possible. For the challenge carrier these holes are like tunnels for cars which now can take a more direct route instead of a deep. The current generation has batteries that can be charged to about eighty percent in thirty minutes. And theyre trying to speed this up and achieve charge times of say fifteen minutes of what we wont be able to do within the next three years to match the time it takes to refill a tank in a combination engine vehicle types which takes only two to three minutes on the side of the. Point were bumping into limits that have to do with the battery cells which get very hot we wont be able to overcome that problem in the next few years. Whats clear is that for us to truly take off battery quality is key. But if you have to. Be the batteries of the future will have a better environmental footprint than they do today. Means well need to use less energy and production which will also lower costs ok all is to much the costs of combustion vehicles or even to improve on them. Step by step we could be heading to a keno world. And hopefully well keep moving in the right direction because some manmade problems are irreversible and small changes can have far reaching consequences that topic of one of the. Ram singh from jaiku in india wants to know. What will happen if the earth gets two degrees warmer. Two degrees doesnt sound like much but the consequences would be dire landmasses heat up quicker than the oceans at different rates depending on the region areas covered in snow on ice like the arctic and antarctic are especially susceptible to bright surface reflects the sunlight which helps keep the planet cool but if more more snow and ice melt less sunlight will be reflected so temperatures will rise speeding up the melting even further. Research is predict that an overall rise of two degrees would raise sea levels by around four and a half meters by the end of the century. That would arise the multiverse for example from the map the melting of the polar ice caps is also changing ocean currents which transfer heat around the globe. They influence the climate on all the continents. If theres heat pump becomes less effective winters in europe will probably become extremely cold. The conditions for farming will deteriorate. And increases the rate of evaporation and more water vapor remains in the air rising temperatures change wind patterns and that affects the intensity and distribution of storms. In asia monsoons are getting stronger and the affected areas of growing floods increase the risk of crops failing. In other areas by contrast the ground is getting dryer. These changes are already underway. A full two degree rise scientists warn on the consequences would be catastrophic disrupting or even destroying the lives of people all over the world. If you have a science test and go to our website and send it in if we answer it on the show you get out d. V. D. Featuring a lighthearted look at albert einsteins most famous theories. The most important thing is to never stop asking questions. When it comes to. The world still has not expensive from the rain forest to the. Trees everywhere help. Balance and supply oxygen. And they do more to. Sarah and her puppy like to go for a walk in the forest. So to these children. Its so beautiful theres so much to explore and the air is so fresh. But thats not all trees. Also a very important carbon sink in the process of photosynthesis a tree absorbs the Greenhouse GasCarbon Dioxide from the air and splits it into oxygen and another carbon compound glucose some of the oxygen is released back into the air the glucose feeds the tree and the carbon remains locked in the wood even after the tree has been felled and its timbers used say to build houses or kindergartens so its out of circulation for a long time. But as a dead tree rocks it releases its carbon in part as c o two into the atmosphere. The puppy doesnt care the bigger the branch the better. Trees are also important for the economy. Many species are grown and harvested in commercial forest. To make paper printer and houses which is also burnt to heat homes and generate electricity that that reduces c o two. Believe time for rest a hike is there still work and sarah likes to drink cool pure water. Forests also play an Important Role in the water cycle forest foils filter water that is cleaner they also store a lot of water releasing it over time to streams and aquifers. Oak trees provide a mechanical barrier against rocks life and avalanches. They also bind the soil on rocks where they stand preventing erosion. Forests our home and shelter to countless animals and plants and are crucial for maintaining biodiversity. Of all terrestrial animal species most live in forests and all depend on forests without them our ecosystem would collapse. Its just incredible how good forests arent what they do. Where sarahs puppy. Still has a lot to learn. If we arent careful on forests could end up looking like this. If any trees could fight back because they are under serious attack. We need to team up with chains to save the worlds scientists in syria will show us exactly how. This is what would looks like under a microscope. Trees and the oceans are the two most important carbon sinks on average a tripos three thousand kilograms of Carbon Dioxide out of the atmosphere over the course of its life. By binding seven hundred fifty kilograms of carbon some of the oxygen from the c o two goes back into the air but the institute of to rest relax our systems of the e. T. H. University in zero. Bookman is researching precisely how Climate Change affects forests. Evaded even hunting despite the forests we have today will experience Climate Change for many decades to come leaping we want to find out more about how forests function and how they react to Climate Change you dont. Hear and his team measure trees on you will growth rings the thickness of each ring indicates how fast the tree grew in a certain year the rate of growth is directly linked to the Carbon Dioxide content of the. Carbon dioxide can be compared to fertilizer the thicker growth ring indicates small c o two. But its not good for a tree to grow too fast then they can end up outpacing their energy supply. Trees have a certain amount of c o two to work with if they invested in swift growth in fic growth rings then they have less to invest in their defenses against harmful organisms and less to invest in the robustness of their cells as a result theyre more susceptible to disease to being toppled by the wind and so forth. The research focuses on our pine valleys day together their own temperature and the weather feed the model the team has developed to predict future developments there that the mix of species will change and trees may die but overall forests could actually grow and become more dense too dense like eating so much you get sick. To harvest healthy would Forestry Companies are already starting to fell trees sooner and in greater numbers letting the wood rot would be a bad idea it releases large amounts of c o two and decomposing trees no longer function as carbon sinks. But would used and maintained by humans continues to do so. If people. Out of wood will make greater use of void in general that would be very helpful it would be good for forests if we thin them out a bit more not too much and it would be good for society. An average Single Family house keeps about sixty tons of c o two out of the atmosphere long term. Of course the ecological footprint of any wooden product depends on the source of the wood it is much larger if the source is remote and Long Distance transport is involved. Locally sourced wood is much more eco friendly than concrete. Move keeps Carbon Dioxide out of the. Concrete production generates lots of c o two. This new ten Story Office Building near to this fifty percent ward its among the tallest wooden buildings in europe. The term for a five hundred trees have gone into its construction. If all goes well a whole lot of carbon will remain in place here for a long time. Perhaps for centuries to come. Whats said to be the tallest wooden skyscraper in the world the hoho is currently under construction in australia the facade is supposed to look like the structure of tree both find out more on our website. Buildings around the world are made from a range of different materials. Well stay on facebook what Building Materials are traditionally used to build houses where you live. Jonathan says in his village in kenya people construct their houses from tree materials and a mixture of mud and down this used grass and sheets with that chain. He says in new zealand most homes are constructed using timber a small percentage are built with bricks concrete. Oh how do you me says says in indonesia they made of wood. But he also says he preferred to live in a house made of brick all cement because its more comfortable. And eventually linea and mine is the traditional building methods used in her country the philippines. She says their ancestors use these for the roof and bamboo for the pests always in an eco friendly way. Drives us to discover as much about the Natural World as we can. For centuries many of these discoveries have been ending up in the history museums and collections. Because a lot of this trove of information researchers are increasingly relying on the help. Is getting to work hes a volunteer a member of the public taking part in a scientific but tonic adventure his task today is to decipher a text about a plant written more than one hundred thirty years ago. This is a weird mix of the latin and gothic handwriting was floor of the human. Thats easy to read because. He has to contend not only with different kinds of handwriting but also with bad penmanship. From. Fifth of all just a teeny eighty six could all the florida six five looks different when i moved them and found on a meadow beside a lake called scarletts near beats me i cant read it. Was the texts name specimens of plants and where and when and by whom they were found deciphered them is what happened or to do and who is a hub or not. Used. Not only heard about this project recently i. Thought id like to join in. Its a good idea but. Its a contribution to Scientific Research and i enjoy it as if its fun to be part of the hive mind. The german her project was inspired by similar ones in france and australia which have drawn thousands of contributors. The project is run by berlins botanical Museum Curator says many more volunteers would be welcome because theres plenty to do. This is the head barium the climate controlled basement treasure house germanys largest plant archive comprising three point eight million dried specimens. Each item has a label many of these labels other daunting handwritten texts up to her benoits are now transcribing as the entire infantry gets digitalized. The data are of scientific value the place where a plant was found is important and the date its also interesting to know who picked it that day to help botanist study the distribution of species in space and over time. By comparing distribution data from different periods we can infer whether a plants habitat is strong or expanded. If the species is moved to a new area if its becoming rarer. The major problem is the massive loss of biodiversity we can try to think up ways to slow or halt the decline of certain species. Once all the data are digitalized theyll be accessible to researchers around the globe. The hard part is deciphering the Nineteenth Century handwritten labels. Only people who can read old gothic script. And then we have labels in alphabets we dont even recognize are in syria for example theyre hard for us to read. The team of the museum could never. That way through three point eight million items thats why theyve summoned the hive mind to help if lots of people each do a little the task becomes manageable. North project has been up and running for a year now its website is have been out and dos d. The scientists at the museum first photograph each specimen and each label. Speciality is biodiversity informatics she organizes and catalogues the entries in the database shes impressed with her benoits commitment and skill in time always good to. See how theyve processed one hundred thirty thousand entries so far. And deciphered eight thousand problematic labels believe. We have about one hundred eighty her but not at the moment the type movement. Enjoys the challenges and goes the extra mile in his research on a label from one nine hundred twenty seven it said a certain specimen was found on a certain street in the town of pouts and on the property of mr had who was a glazier. That wanted to find out exactly where that was. Address books online and found one from nine hundred thirty five. Here it says musta glazier had that number sixty there so i can pinpoint exactly on the map where he lived and where the plant was picked to us all of those. Millions more entries still to process anyone with a computer time and devotion can join in and help bring these treasures to light. Nature often has the best ideas about how to do things when something exceeds our physical capability. We build machines to help. On land in the air and in water animals everywhere serve as our blueprints a lot of modern technology draws on natures Clever Solutions and sometimes the smallest creatures start out biggest inspiration. If she wants to study him shell have to find him first. The fascinating dung beetle has many talents that scientists now want to teach to robots. Easily across difficult terrain navigating and pushing dung balls at the same time. The dung beetle robot could search for survivors after an earthquake to clear a path out of the day three. The special thing about a dung beetle is all three pairs of its legs have different functions. To analyze the way it walks biologist records the beetle with a high speed camera. Just like dung beetles transport. Robots could transport other things for example in areas with obstructions that are inaccessible to humans mention you could send a robot there thats able to deal with obstacles to even up and then this would have been kind. Of like natures garbage collectors using their real legs they form dung balls that are up to ten times that body weight. They roll them backwards for that they need exceptionally strong legs which by starting with a micro c. T. Scan are meant in to take on the c. T. Shows us the beatles muscles how its legs move and how far they can and cannot stand and how it uses its head for balance and call to comp thats what were trying to figure out and so does that mean to me what to take off from. By may use as her c. T. Data to reconstruct the beatles legs using a three d. Printer. It isnt idea it will come on heads are sure the three d. Printer shows you the micro structures im a hunting bankbook to be you can really see the movements of the joints component how the individual components are attached to one another and how far they can move on this end and this will all serve as a model when engineers design their robots. Along with it strength and agility the dung beetle is also a remarkable navigator. And fresh in the market it has several options it can use sunlight even more fascinating it can count step two after it reaches its destination and it can work out the quickest way home again to houses the researches now have three years to make a robot based on this unassuming super beetle. For move from the world of science visit our web site and dont forget to get in touch with us on twitter and facebook wed love to hear from you. Next time we examine the safety of our top forces what happens if dangerous pathogens end up in the water supply. Will we trace the path of bacteria and wastewater from the Sewage Treatment plants to our streams and rivers spirit rejoins the natural voices like. All those imo next time on tomorrow today see you soon good bye. The but. Hes beautiful the be the best for the be. D. W. True diversity is. Where the world of science is at home in many languages. If i thought of programming going there it would be. Our innovations magazine for in joseph us from every week and always looking to the future on d w dot com of science and research for in asia. They make a commitment. They find solutions. They inspire. Africa to move. Stories of both people making a difference shaping their nation playing and their continent of africa on the move stories about motivational change makers taking their destinies into their own hands w. s new multimedia series. D w dot com africa on the move. Mufon is hiv positive is. In the. Has infected at birth. She probably wont live to the age of five. The Program Dream aims to prevent the mother to child transmission of the virus. Hiv positive wo