states court of appeals for the second circuit and supreme court justice william brennan. we thank him for participating today. please rise i will begin by swearing you in. raise your right hand. do you swear or affirm under penalty of perjury the testimony you are about to give is true and correct to the best of your knowledge, information and belief so help you god. let the record show the witnessed has answered in the affirmative. thank you and please be seated. please note that your written statement will be entered into the record in its entirety. accordingly i ask you summarize your testimony in five minutes. to help you stay within the time limit there is a timing light on your table. when the light switches from green to yellow you have one minute to conclude your testimony. when the light turns read it signals your five minutes have expired. attorney general garland, you may begin. >> good morning, chairman