Could detonate a mine nearby. Russia has sown ukraine with millions of mines. She threaded the grass, feeling for the slightest resistance. The day before, another deminer had been killed. Think of it as kind of a pocket therapist. And youll be able to course with it, just like you would with a human being. An app on your phone that using Artificial Intelligence to manage problems like depression and anxiety. Theres never been a greater need, and the tools available have never been as sophisticated as they are now. Really . Computer psychiatry . Come on. What kind of yankees fan would target yogi berra . The star catcher won a record ten world series rings. Yogi wore one and kept the other nine here. That is until a rainy october night in 2014. What did you do with the rings . Cut them, melted them. Thats right. This minor league thief melted down priceless world series rings for some cash. Im lesley stahl. Im bill whitaker. Im anderson cooper. Im sharyn alfonsi. Im jon wertheim. 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Call your doctor right away if you have symptoms of infection in your legs or feet. Taking jardiance with a sulfonylurea or insulin may cause low blood sugar. Jardiance is really swell the little pill with a big story to tell no matter how russias war in ukraine ends, dr. Yuriy kuznetzov will be battling Vladimir Putins madness for years. Kuznetzov is a ukrainian surgeon and a national hero, who stayed beside his patients, as they were attacked. Now heroism is a virtue that must endure. His city was liberated, but dr. Kuznetzov sees victims every week or so, civilians who step on one of the millions of russian land mines across about a third of ukraine. Theres a massive effort to clear the mines, but that will take a generation or more. Until then, there will be dr. Kuznetzov with Healing Hands and eyes that have seen too much. Half his life hes devoted to central hospital. And here in its basement with putins bombs overhead, all hed become in 52 years was lay down in service to his home. Translator we didnt imagine until the end that russia would attack our country. When youre sitting in a basement at night and a plane is flying over you, it was impossible to predict whether you would wake up to see another day. In 2022, the basement became dr. Kuznetzovs operating room. Thats him dressed in white. The wounded were endless. A Close Friends wife he could not save, and this man, who was shot and lived. Did you save more patients than you lost . Translator we saved significantly more people, definitely. Many of your colleagues evacuated, and you did not. I wonder why you stayed. Translator when you have patients and youre the only doctor or the only person who can treat them, i i didnt understand how you could leave. He could not leave izium. His city of 40,000 was occupied for six months. The russians laid land mines here, as they ran from ukraines counterattack. Putins unprovoked war on an innocent people destroyed 80 of izium and killed 1,000. Leaving apartment buildings cleaved in two and this school, built in 1882, a hollow corpse. The people of izium clothe themselves in liberation, and [ speaking in a global language ] [ sound of artillery ] demining teams are still fighting russia here. Izium, 20 miles from the front, is one of the worst areas for mines and unexploded ordnance. Throughout ukraine, more than 1,000 civilians had been wounded by mines. Lidia borova, a 70yearold widow, was picking mushrooms in a forest. Translator i turned by the tree, and then there was an explosion. I looked down at myself, and i was bleeding. My arm was injured. My leg was injured. I was losing strength. Her right foot and ankle were ripped away. Kuznetzov said, first of all, the most difficult thing is to persuade a patient that their its very difficult to explain to them that the leg is no good, no good to use. He told us a prosthetic is ultimately easier to live with. Translator dr. Kuznetzov saved me, she told us. I didnt realize how much blood i lost. I dont know how i managed to survive. Ihor bogoraz was with his wife in their garden. They found 12 mines, but there were 13. Translator i decided to mow the weeds, he told us. And one mine was under my foot. I stepped on it, and it exploded instantly. And thats it. No leg. Serhii nikolaiv was recovering grapevines for the spring. If it had been green, he told us, i would have noticed it. But it was brown. I didnt see it. It blended in with the leaves. I stepped on it, and i knew right away. Kuznetzov said, the majority are those who stepped on pedal mines, or antipersonnel mines. The person who invented them was an evil genius because they only weigh two ounces, but what they can do when triggered is terrified. Pedal mines, 5 inches long flutter from aircraft by the thousands like flower petals. 11 pounds of pressure will set them off. Vasyl solyanik found them on his roof and in his garden. Theres 18 here, he told us, but in all, there were over 50. He showed us his video. Thats a petal mine right there. They are so common that we were told the story of a 70yearold woman who gathered them in a basket and took them to a police station. Solyanik told us, theres some left in the bushes over here, so dont walk around there. He dialled 101, and Emergency Services sent deminers Ivan Shepelev and ihor ovcharuk. We encounter every type of munition, ovcharuk told us, antiinfantry and antitank mines, mortars, artillery shells, rockets. Its all here. At solyaniks home, a sweep revealed an unexploded cluster bomb. Those are tricky, so they blew it in place. Ivan shepelev told us, as the russians fled, they also left booby traps. We have seen cases, unfortunately, where explosives were found in civilian homes, ovcharuk said. My team also had to work on removing our dead ukrainian soldiers whose bodies had been mined. In 2022, ihor ovcharuks kneecap was shattered when a fellow deminer stepped on a mine and lost his foot. Shepelev told us, we know every explosive we remove means that someones life is saved. A few weeks after our visit, a Russian Missile wrecked the fire station where theyre based. Some were injured but not shepelev or ovcharuk. What is the scope of the mine threat in ukraine . I think the scope is unrecognizable in modern times. Pete smith heads demining here for the halo trust, a charity founded in 1988 to demine war zones. Smith was 33 years in the british army and awarded by Queen Elizabeth for disarming an ira time bomb in a train station. Today, he says, ukraine is the most heavily mined country. In some areas, the mine fields are three or four mines deep, in areas, maybe a dozen mines deep. But thats just the first line of defense. Then several kilometers behind that, there are other layers of mine fields as well. Smith took us to a farm sewn with russian antitank mines. You have to step carefully. Right there in the center is a mine packed with 17 pounds of high explosive. With three weeks of training behind her, Yulia Yaroshchuk was probing for any trip wire that would detonate a mine near her. She threaded the grass, feeling for the slightest resistance. Only the day before, a halo deminer was killed and two were wounded in another part of ukraine. Doing this by hand with that wand, it seems to me that you have an awfully big field to cover. She said, well, of course itll be a very long process. As far as i know, itll take many, many years. Each day of war means years of demining. Why do you do this work . Translator i didnt have to do it. I wanted to do it. This is my contribution to victory. Will ukraine ever be without mines . I think what i have seen in my time in ukraine is the innovation, the patriotism, and just the sheer will of the people that im confident that theyll be able to remove the last mine from ukraine. Does this war make any sense to you . Translator not to a Single Person here or anywhere, Serhii Nikolaiv said. What kind of mind what kind of moron or idiot do you have to be to even wish Something Like this on your enemies . You cant. Even now someone could drop a fork or a spoon, and it makes a loud noise. And in your soul, you feel pain and bitterness and fear. Its a real horror. My sisterinlaw was ripped apart by a mine in front of her children. In front of their eyes. Of all of Vladimir Putins war crimes in ukraine, one was the bombing of iziums central hospital. Kuznetzov told us, after this part of the hospital was damaged, a lot of medical Services Simply became unavailable. Here, we had both intensive care and three operating rooms. When Yuriy Kuznetzov was 14 yars old, his grandmother died in his arms. He told us thats why he became a doctor. And we suspect thats why he stayed through the bombardment and occupation and the battle of the mines. When a town loses its hospital, it doesnt just lose the medical care, it loses hope. Translator the best praise for me was when a woman told me in april 2022 that when we heard the hospital was still open, we realized that our town had hope. It could withstand, survive, and have a future. The future of ukraine will demand devotion and heroic patience. On this day, Yulia Yaroshchuk slowly teased out one russian mine, with millions more receding from its edge. Is there going to be anything left. Left over . Yeah. Oh, absolutely. inner monologue my kids dont know what they want. You know who knows what she wants . Me i want a massage, in amalfi, from someone named giancarlo. And i didnt live in that shoebox for years. Not just with empower, we get all of our financial questions answered. So you dont have to worry. I guess ill get the caviar. Just kidding. Join 18 million americans and take control of your financial future with a real time dashboard and real live conversations. Empower. Whats next. From the 1 rated brand in cordless outdoor power, the ego power blower. Reaching an incredible 765 cfm, it runs up to 90 minutes on a single charge. Exclusively at lowes, ace and ego authorized dealers. Breathing claritin clear is like. Is he . Claritin clear . Yeah. Fast relief of your worst allergy symptoms, like nasal congestion. Live claritin clear® generalized myasthenia gravis made my life a lot harder. But the picture started changing when i started on vyvgart. Vyvgart is for adults with generalized myasthenia gravis who are antiachr antibody positive. In a clinical trial, vyvgart significantly improved most participants ability to do daily activities when added to their current gmg treatment. Most participants taking vyvgart also had less muscle weakness. And your vyvgart treatment schedule is designed just for you. In a clinical study, the most common side effects included urinary and respiratory tract infections, and headache. Vyvgart may increase the risk of infection. Tell your doctor if you have a history of infections or symptoms of an infection. Vyvgart can cause allergic reactions. Available as vyvgart for iv infusion and also as Vyvgart Hytrulo for subcutaneous injection. Additional side effects for Vyvgart Hytrulo may include injection site reactions. Talk to your neurologist about vyvgart. Now, dr. Jon lapook on assignment for 60 minutes. Artificial intelligence has found its way into nearly every part of your lives, forecasting weather, diagnosing diseases, writing term papers. And now a. I. Is probing that most human of places, our psyches, Offering Mental Health support, just you and a chatbot available 24 7 on your smartphone. Theres a critical shortage of human therapists, and a growing number of potential patients. A. I. Driven chatbots are designed to help fill that gap by giving therapists a new tool. But as youre about to see, like human therapists, not all chatbots are equal. Some can help heal. Some can be ineffective, or worse. One pioneer in the field, who has had notable success joining tech with treatment, is alison darcy. She believes the future of Mental Health care may be right i our hands. We know the majority of people who need care are not getting it. Theres never been a greater need, and the tools available have never been as sophisticated as they are now. And its not about how can we get people in the clinic. Its how can we actually get some of these tools out of the clinic and into the hands of people. Alison darcy, a Research Psychologist and entrepreneur, decided to use her background in coding and therapy to build something she believes can help people in need, a Mental Health chatbot she named woebot. Like woe is me. Woe is me. Woebot is an app on your phone, kind of a pocket therapist that uses the text function to help manage problems like depression, anxiety, addiction, and loneliness, and do it on the run. I think a lot of people out there watching this are going to be thinking, really . Computer psychiatry . Come on. Well, i think its so interesting that our field hasnt, you know, had a great deal of innovation since the basic architecture was relayed in by freud in the 1890s. Thats really the idea, two people in a room. But thats not how we live our lives today. We have to modernize psychotherapy. Woebot is trained on large amounts of specialized data to help it recognize words, phrases, and emojis associated with dysfunctional thoughts and challenge that thinking, in part mimicking a type of talk therapy caled cognitive behavioral therapy, or cbt. Its actually hard to find a cbt practitioner. And also, if youre not by the side of your patient when they are struggling to get out of bed in the morning or at 2 00 a. M. When they cant sleep, when theyre feeling panicked, then were actually leaving clinical value on the table. And even for people who want to go to a therapist, there are barriers, right . Sadly, the biggest barrier we have is stigma. But theres insurance. Theres cost. Theres wait lists. I mean, this problem has only grown significantly since the pandemic. And it doesnt appear to be going away. Since woebot went live in 2017, the Company Reports 1. 5 Million People have used it, which you can now only do with an Employer Benefit plan or access from a health professional. At virtua health, a Nonprofit Health care company in new jersey, patients can use it free of charge. And youll be able to converse with it just like you would with a human being. We downloaded woebot, entered a unique code that can only be provided by the company, then tried it out. We found that for people to connect with their mood, we offer those emojis, which allows people to connect in a nonverbal way. I posed as someone who is depressed. After several prompts, woebot wanted to dig deeper into why i was sad. So i came up with a scenario that i fear the day my child would leave home. Imagine what your negative emotions would be saying if they had a voice. Can you do that . Write one of those negative thoughts here. I cant do anything about it now. I guess ill just jump that bridge when i come to it. The normal expression is cross that bridge, and the chatbot detected something might be seriously wrong. But lets see. Jon, im hearing you say, you cant do anything about it. I guess ill just jump that bridge when i come to it. I think you might need more support than i can offer. A trained listener can help you in ways that i cant. Would you like to take a look at specialized help lines. Its not our job to say youre in crisis or youre not because a. I. Cant really do that in this context very well yet. But, huh, there is something concerning about the way jon just phrased that. Saying only jump that bridge and not combining it with, i cant do anything about it now, did not suggest human help. Luke a human therapist woebot is not foolproof and cant detect whether someone might be suicidal. How would it know, jump that bridge where is it getting that knowledge . It has been trained on a lot of data and a lot of us humans labelling the phrases and things that we see. So, its picking up on kind of sentiment. Computer scientist lance eliot, who writes about Artificial Intelligence and Mental Health says a. I. Has the ability to pick up on nuances of conversation. How does it know how to do that . The system is able to, in a sense, mathematically and computationally figure out the nature of words and how words associate with each other. So, what it does is it draws upon a vast array of data, and then it responds to you based on prompts or in some