It took more than every ounce of people in the community wouldnt have liked it to us. And they gave it to us. They were wearing our clothes. So its not just work to them but to us. Its how we make our money. Sreenivasan and, how Norman Rockwell mirrored americas ambitions and common values in his art. And a barber in montana suddenly had normal knockwell in common. Sreenivasan those are just some of the stories were covering on tonights pbs newshour. Major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by moving our economy for 160 years. Bnsf, the engine that connects us. And by the alfred p. Sloan foundation. Supporting science, technology, and improved Economic Performance and Financial Literacy in the 21st century. And with the ongoing support of these institutions and foundations. And. This program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. And by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. Thank you. Sreenivasan americans at home and abroad celebrated the thanksgiving holiday today. The annual macys thanksgiving day parade passed through the streets of manhattan. It defied strong winds that threatened to ground its 16 giant balloons. Elsewhere, shoppers got an early start hunting down bargains typically reserved for black friday. More than a dozen major retailers kept their doors open for the holiday. Meanwhile, u. S. Forces in afghanistan enjoyed a thanksgiving feast with turkey and all the trimmings. Combat troops are preparing to leave the country by the end of next year. Iran extended an invitation to the u. N. Nuclear agency today to visit a facility that houses an unfinished nuclear reactor. The u. N. Team will visit the heavy water plant in the central city of arak on december 8. This invitation is not part of the Nuclear Deal Iran made last week to freeze its Nuclear Program for six months in return for a limited reprieve in economic sanctions. Chinese warplanes are now patrolling the countrys new air defense zone in the east china sea. Chinas state news agency announced the move, hours after south korea and japan flew planes through the disputed airspace. A spokesman for chinas Defense Ministry in beijing defended the countrys new flight restrictions. translated according to International Law and practices, a countrys aircraft are allowed to enter the air Defense Identification Zone of another country. But in the meantime, the country that sets up the Defense Identification Zone has the right to identify the sreenivasan two american b 52 bombers passed through the zone tuesday, without any response from chinas military. Thailands embattled Prime Minister appealed today for an end to five days of Anti Government protests across bangkok. Yingluck shinawatra called for negotiations with the opposition. But the demonstrators rejected the idea of talks. They surrounded several Ministry Buildings in the capital, waving flags and blocking traffic. They also cut off electricity to the National Police headquarters. There was word in brazil today that the stadium slated to host the first match in next years world cup could delay its opening until february. A crane collapsed there yesterday, killing two workers and damaging the concourse area of the stadium. Nick ravenscroft of independent Television News is in sao paulo. Cracked in half, it collapsed sideways and still lies where it fell across a stand being built for the world cup finals. Construction is halted until next week, says the company, for up to a month say the unions. Nobody knows but everybody is worried because this is the venue for the first world cup match and its meant to be finished by the end of next month. This builder was on site yesterday when the accident happened. He knew from the deafening crash it was the crane. Where they rushing, i asked him . translated the timing was very tight but wed never crossed the safety limit. Reporter do you feel safe . translated yes. But thank god weve finished working on the building that was crushed. Reporter but a local m. P. Who leads the Construction Workers Union says concerns were raised about the sfablt of the crane just hours before the accident. The workers were told to keep going. Though the developers reject this. Today investigators are trying to figure out exactly what brought this huge crane crashing to the ground. But looming above the scene are wider questions brazil has known its hosting the world cup for years. Why is everything so last minute . And before the first ball is even kicked off here in june. For the two workers who died here yesterday and their families the accident was a personal tragedy. For brazils world cup dreams, its a warning. Sreenivasan soccers governing body fifa has said it wants all 12 world cup stadiums ready by the end of december. But today it released a statement saying workers safety is the top priority. A comet barreling toward mars had a Close Encounter with the sun today, passing just 730,000 miles from its surface. As comet ison approached, the suns radiation and gravitational pull melted the comets ice and broke its body apart. Scientists watched the breakup closely, to try and learn more about the origins of the solar system. Still ahead on the newshour egypts crackdown on dissident voices; the Big Questions the Affordable Care act has raised about the role of government in our lives; increased suffering in syrias civil war. Plus, chef, author and activist alice waters; paul solman on the economics of the first thanksgiving and Norman Rockwells image of america. The prohibition on protests did little to silence egyptians calling for the release of demonstrators held by the militaryappointed government. They enacted a law this past sunday that forbids protests at places of worship, and gatherings of more than ten people without a permit. It was immediately controversial and defied in a country that has seen mass protest play a major part in the removal of two president s in three years. 24 activist were arrested tuesday after protesting a new, controversial law limiting demonstrations. Enacted sunday it forbids protests at places of worship, and bans gatherings of more than ten people without a permit. Authorities say the measure was needed to fight terrorism and foster stability in the country. Egypt is in a state of upheaveal once again, it has been nearly three years since the revolution which swept president Hosni Mubarak from power, and nearly five months since the militarys removed the Muslim Brotherhoods mohammed morsi, the first elected president in the countrys history, but this most clampdown on protests has sparked outrage among islamist and secular egyptians alike. translated is freedom of expression, that has been reserved by international decrees and human rights, a crime . translated what do you mean that i have to get permission to go out and demonstrate against a law that i am opposed to . This is ridiculous; its a joke. Sreenivasan Security Forces used water canons and tear gas to break up tuesdays protests by secular activists in front of parliament. 14 women involved in the demonstrations were beaten and dragged off by police before being released on a deserted desert highway in the middle of the night. And yesterday, arrest warrants stemming from the protests were issued for two prominent liberal activists alla abdel fattah and ahmed maher. Their supporters decried the order. Sreenivasan maher spoke with abdel fattah or ahmed maher are terrorists, they are peaceful protesters, they are peaceful fighters for the freedom. Sreenivasan maher spoke with the newshours Margaret Warner in september and was, at that time, under extreme pressure from the military, its supporters and even some of his liberal allies for having denounced morsis removal as undemocratic. translated there are many people like me. We will continue to say that the military establishment must stay away from political work. This is better for the army and better for politics. The military council is not convinced by our demands, and does not understand the word democracy to begin with. Sreenivasan the government crackdown on dissent extended yesterday, as nearly two dozen women and girls in alexandria were handed lengthy prison sentences, some as long as 11 years. They were charged with inciting violence and damaging public property, by holding up four they were convicted for participating in an october 31st demonstration against morsis ouster. The verdict spawned more protests today and clashes with military forces outside cairo university. At least one student was killed in the violence. Earlier today i spoke with npr International Correspondent leila fadel in cairo about how egyptians are responding to these arrests. Whats the latest on the crackdown thats happen happening over the last few sfwhex. Well, the thing thats different this week after months of crackdown on supporters of ousted president smors is under this new protest law they crack down on secular and leftisting a victims. Theyve arrested dozens of them now release on bail. And weve also seen escalation with the conditions of xiii young islamist women in alexandria of 11 years just for protesting in support of the ousted president. Sreenivasan hows that playing out . Obviously the news of those 14 arrests is now out there. Is there there a public outcry about how those protesters were treated . I dont know if its a public outcry but were seeing human rights organizations saying this is unacceptable, saying this is worse treatment than they saw under ousted president Hosni Mubarak. Youre seeing some leading secular politicians calling the authorities saying this might be a little too much and the families themselves saying they will appeal and this is evident that this is clearly not a democratic country, this is clearly militaryled authoritarian nation and that it was a coup against the former president. Sreenivasan so you seem to be saying the military is turning away its spotlight from the Muslim Brotherhood which they might have successfully cracked down on and is focusing it back on these secular activists, the ones who helped get them into power in the first place. Yes, the spotlight very much has been almost solely on the islamists, the supporters of the Muslim Brotherhood and some people say they made a calculated mistake on tuesday by going after these young secular leftist activists. But these are a couple hundred people at this point. Were not seeing a huge tide turn against the army as of now, but for the first time a much wider outcry from the political elite when they see nonislamists getting the treatment that weve seen islamists getting in the last few months. Sreenivasan well were hearing about them overseas, is there some censorship going on in the media . Are they covered . We are seeing some stories but overall the private television stations here have been cheerleaders for the army so far. We have been seeing reports more and more especially with the recent crackdowns in the alexandria girls coming it in the local newspapers but not a widespread criticism of the army here or is interim leaders. Sreenivasan you mentioned the human right groups. Are the people on the street looking back at this experiment and saying perhaps we were better off under mubarak . Has it gotten that bad . Well, i think thats a sentiment people have been feeling for a while now. Not necessarily because they loved mubarak but because they expected certain things to come out of the revolution in 2007 economic prosperity, social justice, all these things that they havent seen. So many people are saying at least we had stability. And so thats why youre seeing many people who supported the overthrow of smors and ultimately a the path to stability rather than democracy necessarily. Over the last two years its been such a difficult roller coaster. A difficult transition as people try to elect leaders, try to create what they think the future of their country should be and that huge amount of inn fighting is creating instability creating governments that arent functioning, that are in deadlock. So a lot of people are starting to i dont want to say regret what happened but at least, you know, wondering whether it was in a mistake because life isnt better in the General Household in egypt. Things arent better. There isnt social justice. Theyre not feeding the families. There isnt better employment. Those types are of things are not better so far. Sreenivasan is there any interest in a dialogue . Has the military made any overtures to groups . Whether the brotherhood or the secularists . Or does the leadership just feel so emboldened and empowered that they feel like they dont have to listen to anybody, its either our way or the highway. We havent seen real effort to from the army towards the brotherhood for a dialogue, for reconciliation. Its almost a dirt yet word these days. You know, theyre calling them terrorists. Were saying its a brandt group. People are being arrested just for having symbols of the Muslim Brotherhood or of their protests. Just for maybe a ruler, balloon, or tshirt. But when it comes to the secular activists, we did see very different reaction. We saw members of the 50member assembly thats tasked with amending the constitution suspending their membership briefly saying this was unacceptable. Calling for the release of those activists. So in that sense i think there was a real awakening among secular activists and amongst some of the political elite saying, well, this used to say that no protests are acceptable. No descent, not just islamist descent, no dissent is acceptable now. If. Sreenivasan leila fadel, thank you so much for joining us. That you can. Sreenivasan now a look at some of the larger issues raised in the ongoing debate over the Affordable Care act. Questions of how deeply a government should involve itself in the personal welfare of its citizens of individual rights and collective responsibilities even whether the laws troubled rollout might be seen as a challenge to the viability of the liberal philosophy at its core. The latest major setback came yesterday, when the Obama Administration announced a one year delay in launching the federal website for Small Businesses to enroll their employees with insurers. Jeffrey brown gets two views on these bigger issues at stake. Brown for that were joined by jacob hacker, the institute for social and policy studies at yale university, he worked on the broad blueprint of the Health Care Law and has written a number of books about social policy . The u. S. And avik roy is a senior fellow at the Manhattan Institute rand author of the new book how medicaid fails the poor. He served as mitt romneys Health Care Advisor during the 2012 president ial campaign. Jacob hacker, let me start with you. With before we get to if problems of the rollout, how do you see the Affordable Health care act fitting into a larger debate in the u. S. Over many decades over the role of government in the lives of its citizens . Well, weve been debating the place of health care in the American Social contract since the early part of the 20th century and that debate for 75 years or so has resulted in legislative failure. And the Affordable Care act was a landmark step forward. Americans for a long time have believed that health care is an essential public responsibility. What changed in the last 20 years or so is that the sector of the economy that was providing Health Benefits, employers, increasingly started to off load them and the Medicaid Program start to pick up a lot of that flak. So from the bill clintons Health Effort in 1993 through the successful passage of the Affordable Care act we saw more and more pressure being put on this issue by those whoa are concerned about the increasing gaps in American Health insurance. So i think it clearly is designed to become an integral part of the American Social fabric like medicare or Social Security is. Is. Brown avik roy, is it an essential part of the fabric how do americans see it . Is it a responsibility of government . Is it a right of citizens . Well, i dont think the American Public and the polls echo this the American Public doesnt necessarily believe the government should have complete responsibility for the Health Care System or even a broad responsibility for the Health Care System. However, i do share the goal and i think a lot of conservatives do share the goal that a basic safety net that does provide basic health care for everyone is an attractive and worthy goal. The problem with our system today is the enormous waste and the unaffordability of the system today and the federal spending which is increasingly a burden on middleclass taxpayers. And the thing with the Affordable Care acting is while it does expand coverage it makes Health Care Less affordable for a lot of people. Brown so is it a question of where to draw the line with