Corporate funding is provided by mutual of america designing customized individual and Group Retirement products. Thats why were your retirement company. Additional support has been provided by and by the corporation for public broadcasting, and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. Thank you. From the tisch wnet studios at Lincoln Center in new york, Hari Sreenivasan. This is pbs newshour weekend. Stewart good evening, and thanks for joining us. Vermonts electric grid appears to have been a target of russian hacking, an effort one vermont congressman today called systemic, relentless, and predatory. Vermonts governor says all americans should be alarmed and outraged that the same malware code associated with russian hacks of Democratic Party servers earlier this year has been detected on a computer at a vermont utility. Burlington electric, one of the states two largest utilities, confirmed yesterday that the malware was on a laptop not connected to its grid systems, and no operations were disrupted. The department of Homeland Security had warned utilities only the day before that russian malware may have infiltrated their systems. Now traveling in ukraine, u. S. Senator john mccain, the chairman of the Senate Armed Services committee, has scheduled a hearing next thursday in washington about russian hacking. When you attack a country, its an act of war, and so we have to make sure that there is a price to pay, so that we can perhaps persuade russians to stop this kind of attacks, to stop these kind of attacks on our very fundamentals of democracy. Stewart in retaliation for the election hacks, president obama on thursday imposed new sanctions against russia and expelled 35 russian officials from the u. S. The United Nations Security Council today unanimously approved a resolution that endorses the latest nationwide ceasefire in syria, brokered by russia and turkey. The resolution calls for the Immediate Distribution of humanitarian aid, and may pave the way for peace talks in kazakhstan next month. The u. N. Plans separate syria peace talks in geneva in february. Rebel groups had threatened to abandon the twodayold ceasefire, but despite scattered violations, it appeared to be holding. Isis has claimed responsibility for todays double suicide bombing in baghdad. Iraqi Officials Say the coordinated attacks killed at least 28 people and injured more than 50 others. The first suicide bomber, wearing an explosivesladen belt, blew himself up at a crowded market. And minutes later, as crowds were gathering, the second bomber struck. China, the worlds biggest market for ivory, says it will ban ivory sales by the end of the coming new year. Wildlife conservation groups hail the move as a game changer for africas endangered elephants. Poachers slaughter 20,000 elephants every year for their ivory tusks. But chineseruled hong kong, a major hub for the ivory trade, plans to take longer to phase it out until 2021. The u. S. Adopted a neartotal ban on ivory sales in june. Stewart yesterday on the newshour, we reported the number of u. S. Law enforcement officers killed in the line of duty this year 64, up from 56 last year. Today, we take a look at the number of People Killed by police officers. This year the number is 957 people, down slightly from 991 in 2015, but still a very large number. It is approximately three people a day, according to reporting done by the Washington Post. According to the post, white men accounted for the most deaths, roughly half of them. However, when population rates were factored in, black men were three times as likely to be killed by police and accounted for a third of the unarmed killed. Kimbriell kelly is one of the authors of this yearend report, and was part of the team that won a Pulitzer Prize for its coverage of police shootings. She joins me now from washington. Kimbriell, this is the second year the Washington Post has tracked these numbers. What have been the most noticeable difference friday 2015 to 2016 . One of the biggest differences is that the number of incidents that are caught on video. You see about a 63 increase in the deaths that occurred this year that were captured either on officers body cameras or by bystanders. So we see that there has been an increase over the last two years, but we know that theres an increase, also, in the number of Police Departments across the country. There are roughly 18,000 departments, and from what we understand, nearly half of them have officers that are equipped with bodywork cameras. And thats important information, too, not just in documenting these incidents but in the prosecutions of officers as well, if they are investigated. Stewart now, the f. B. I. Also keeps track of these numbers, but their numbers are nearly half of the post reporting. Why is that . And thats one thing that we had found as well. For the first year those numbers are voluntarily reported. So Police Departments across the country arent required to give that information to the f. B. I. , and so what we found in our two years of reporting is that the number is still about 1,000 fatalityaise year, but that our number is two times the number that the f. B. I. Is reporting. Now, the f. B. I. The year before last, when our numbers first started coming out, acknowledged that they have a problem with their documentation, and they have made efforts to improve that. And next year, they are planning to launch new efforts to try to streamline this process and have more accurate information. Stewart two fact nors this data that are worth discussion Mental Illness and domestic disturbances. What do the data tell you . The data tells us that those two things you talked about are some of the key indicators or key things that the buckets in which people who are killed by police fall into. And so one in four of those cases are people who were in some sort of mental had Mental Illness or were in some sort of Mental Illness crisis. And the second bucket has not been reported a lot, but its the same as it was roughly last year cwhich is domestic disturbances make up about one in six of those fatalities. Stewart a small percentage of the people who were shot and killed by police were unarmed, just 5 . Most had guns or knives. So what does this tell us about lethal force and what police face . There are some disparities, particularly when you look at an armed. The often armed percentage has gone down. Last year was about 9 and this year is about 5 . What it tells us, at least what the experts tell us sthis is a universe of people who, with different training, through deescalation, if officers are able to slow down the process, that these are lives that might be saved. And so what has happened this year is a new training that was debuted a couple of weeks ago in new orleans in which officers across the country gathered from 160 departments, and theyre being trained on new techniques to slow down a situation, to deescalate situations, and they believe that if more Police Departments across the country employ these methods, that you would actually see the number of fatalities go down dramatically. So theyre estimating about 300 to 400 of the fatalities of the 1,000 People Killed this year might, perhaps, not happen in the future with techniques like this. Stewart Kimbriell Kelly of the Washington Post. Thanks so much. Thank you. Stewart posttraumatic stress disorder, or p. T. S. D. , can afflict anyone who experiences or witnesses a shocking or dangerous event. Its particularly common among soldiers whove been in combat. And now, one journalist is sharing his story about how covering shocking and dangerous events led to his personal battle with p. T. S. D. Dean yates, a news editor for reuters, covered stories including the war in iraq and a major terrorist attack and tsunami in indonesia. Over time, his family began to notice a change in his personality. After denying he had a problem for years, he faced up to his issues and checked into a psychiatric hospital. Yates told his own story in the article the road to ward 17 my battle with p. T. S. D. , and i spoke with him recently via skype from his home on the australian island of tasmania. You covered major events all through the 2000ss. Which ones stand out to you and tell us a little bit more about what it was like being a reporter covering these major events in the world. I think, alison, for me, two stabbestand out. The first was the tsunami. This was a natural catastrophe on a scale no one has ever seen before. 160,000 people were killed in the space of 20 minutes. I saw what i believe was thousands of bodies during the month i spent there. The destruction was just unimaginable, the suffer, the survivors you can just imagine the shock these people were in. And the other story for me was, obviously, the iraq war. I was the Reuters Bureau chief in iraq from 20072008. And as you probably remember, 2007 was the year of the the year of the surge. There were extra american troops sent to iraq, and the violence in the first two months of 2007 was the worst in the entire iraq war. And during that time, in july of 2007, very tragically, we lost three staff from the reuters team, two killed by a u. S. Apache helicopter, and another a translator who was killed by gunmen in the streets of baghdad, which was a very traumatic time for myself and for all our staff. And, of course, the families of those men. Stewart when did you know that this went past having an emotional reaction to something, even though were all reporters and were there to do analysis and report the facts, when did you know that those kind of more normal feelings were morphing into Something Else . Alison, to be honest, i didnt i was in denial for years they had a problem. I was in denial that i was exhibit, sympt osms p. T. S. D. , and my sensitivity to noise, my agitation, my anxiety. These symptoms meant that i had a medical issue. It really wasnt until with my relationship with my wife at breaking point earlier this year that i agreed to see a psychiatrist who diagnosed me with p. T. S. D. And it was that moment they came to the acceptance that i had p. T. S. D. Stewart there was one incident in iraq where colleagues of yours were killed, and you had to absorb it as a reporter, but that it may have been a trigger for you . You can tell us a little bit about that situation . As the bureau chief, i was responsible for everyones safety, of course, and when so we had three staff killed in two days. The translator, it was just a random attack, a gunman on the streets. There was really not a lot i could do about that one. But the other two, theyd gone to just investigate reports that there had been a u. S. Airstrike on buildings in east baghdad and they found themselves in a group of men, some of whom appeared to be armed, and they were attacked by a u. S. Apache helicopter and were killed, along with most of the men in that in that group. And that was just i cant explain how difficult that was. It was, obviously, a story at the time, and so i was i was having to write the story of their deaths and i was investigating how it happened, what happened. I was, obviously, dealing with the u. S. Military because it was one of their helicopters. And then there was the grief within the baghdad office. It was just enormous. There was so much anguish. And we had to obviously, there were the funerals that had to be organized and it was it was just a very it was the most difficult period of my life, those few days, and then weeks in the aftermath of their deaths. And as time went on in iraq, while i worked there, i tried to just observer these thoughts and emotions. And over time, i think i successfully compartmentalized that, but it eventually came back to haunt me and was really one of the major triggers, i think, for my p. T. S. D. Stewart now, that attack was released by wikileaks. So you had repeated exposure to it because you could see it happen, right . Thats right, alison. And ping for me, one of the things they feel is a deep sense of guilt and shame because when that wikileaks when wikileaks released that video in april 2010, i was actually on holiday in tasmania at the time, where i live now, and i knew just about more about that incident than anyone, and yet, i just was so so frozen. I was so shocked to see that, to see that come out. It was an it was in a newspaper. I picked up a newspaper, and there it was spread across a couple of pages. I just went into i guess shut down, lockdown. I just didnt want to have anything to do with it. I wanted others to deal with what was a major global story at the time because this was the first time really anyone had heard of wikileaks. And to this day i just feel very guilty about that, because i could have added really important context, i think, as to what happened that day in you two 7 and during the aftermath as well when we were pursiewght u. S. Military we wanted that tape. We were filing freedom of information requests to the u. S. Military. They never gave us the tape. Stewart knowing now what you know about p. T. S. D. And about your own health, were there times when the p. T. S. D. Kept frudoing your job in the way you wanted to do your job . I wantic i i i think in the e years, probably. There were times i couldnt get out of bed. I would be so depressed, i would lie in bed and i barely had enough strength to send an email to my to my boss at the time and say, look, i just cant i cant get out of bed. I cant work today. And figot really stressed, i would actually it would feel like i was backing in my office in iraq. Id feel like i was transported back to that place. And when i got stressed, i would just react very badly. I would bang my fists on the table. I would shout. And i look back now and i think i just wish i taken much more notice of those symptoms and been willing to accept they had a problem. Stewart at one point you tried to heal yourself. Ese long hikes, but you haven since learned that that probably, the behavior you were exhibiting, really wasnt safe behavior. Tell us a little bit more about that. One of the things that my psychiatrist suggested to me was to do a little bit of bush walking, get out into nature. And, of course, tasmania has some of the worlds most incredible reign forests. So i did. I took that advice, and i would go on some nice day hikes and i really enjoyed that. And then after a couple of months after being diagnosed, i started to do some multiday walks, stayed out in the rainforest, stay in canes, that sort of thing. And i really found peace in the reign forest. It was where my mind was still. I could breathe. I could just leave all of that emotional baggage at home and just look at the trees, walk these beautiful trails and feel really, really at peace. But with p. T. S. D. , one of the symptoms is risktaking behavior. And it got to the point where i was planning multiday hikes, up to a week, a weeks walks, through some pretty rough terrain in tasmania, on my own, in the middle of the winter. And my wife was worried about it. My fatherinlaw gave me a personal locater beacon to say, look he said, you really should consider this because it is quite dangerous. Stewart being a journalist can be a very stressful position. Do you plan to stay in it as your career and whats next for jew i think we have an obligation as journalists to talk about Mental Health issue because i think were uniquely equipped to communicate what its like to live with Mental Illness. And i think as i think its just something its something i would like to really do. And in fact, i have a Facebook Page ive only just recently reactivated but im posting the stories that other journalists have written about their Mental Illness on that page, because i just think we need to do what we can to raise awareness and break down the stigma that still surrounds Mental Illness. Stewart dean yates, a reporter with reuters, thank you so much for sharing your story and being so candid. My pleasure, alison. Stewart in the past decade, Companies Like 23andme and ancestry. Com, which offer d. N. A. Testing to help people learn more about their biological traits, have boomed. Africanamericans are increasingly using these tests to explore their genealogy and answer questions about their family histories lost during the transatlantic slave trade. Alondra nelson, dean of social science and professor of sociology at columbia university, looks at the intersection of d. N. A. And history in her book the social life of d. N. A. race, reparations, and reconciliation after the genome. Newshour weekends Hari Sreenivasan recently spoke with nelson. Sreenivasan first of all, why are people doing it . Is it for a story about themselveses . Those things are related, identities and stories, you know. And i think that people want identities that they can use to tell a rich story air, richer story about theirs lives. And in the case of African Americans, part of that story has been lost. So what the attempt to use genetic ancestry testing, to find a nation state, ethnic group, information you department have access to before, before we had new technologies that allowed to us make some best guesses about where people of african descent and the u. S. Might be from and then allow you to complete a story. So the identity piece and story people are very much connected. Sreenivasan there is also a notion of ownership. Yes. Sreenivasan for a second this is i am opting into it. Yes. Sreenivasan and i own this. And i will take this piece of information i and know i have this to myself. Thats the critical piece because we know for communities of color, that genetics has not always been a rosy space of research, and that there have been historical tragedies in the past that would lead, particularly African Americans, to be suspicious of genetic testing. And so the aability to opt in, the ability to now in the 21st century to use genetics to do something powerful, to tell a powerful story about your identity and your life and to choose how you want to take that story up. Sometimes people get information that they find useful or interesting, and sometimes they dont. But because you have opted in as a consumer, you get to choose, you get to adjudicate whether or not you think that information is useful for your story. Sreenivasan how does this change our sense of community on who i identify with . Because this moment, i might be African American or indian american, but fireally go back through my genetic roots, wait a minute, im from this country, also . We use African American synonymous muffle with things like iron american or scottish american, but those are countries, and Africa Africa is a continent. Africa say continent, and there are 54 countries on the continent of africa. To be able to say im nigerianamerican, is actually a significant difference. And that ethnic story, being a hyphenated american is really part of the american story. Its how politics happened. Its how we do forms of social and community organizing. So it addaise level of spis 50 for americans that might not have been there before. Regardless which have communities died disooid to do this for themselves, one of the things that concerns me is where does this information reside . After they do the test, after they get my genetic cheek swab, and after the lab figures out what is it is about my story to tell me, they have a copy of my d. N. A. , in their lab, and i probably pressed i agree without reading the fine print. We know 23andme has committed to doing pharmaceutical research and aggravating their data for potentially drug patents and these sorts of things. In their fine print it tells you that. Countries like african ancestry, the one i spent a lot of time writing about, says they throw out the sample. But, you know, theres a way in which data lives forever. So even if you throw out the actual tissue, the saliva, the data can still inform. And all of the companies, i think, if theyre smart, are using the data that comes in from customers to make their databases more robust. You can get more robust findings if you have more expansive databases. Its on the companytocompany base that we know what happens to the d. N. A. But we can suspect its being kept around, similar to when one goes to the hospital and has to give is having an operation or has to give a tissue sample around. The social life of d. N. A. , race reparations and reconciliation after the genome, alondra nelson, thank you for joining us. Thank you very much. Stewart to learn more about how d. N. A. Tests help African Americans understand their connections to the transatlantic slave trade, visit www. Pbs. Org newshour. This is pbs newshour weekend, saturday. Stewart and now to viewers like you, your chance to comment on segments youve seen here on pbs newshour weekend. We brought you the story of americas first offshore wind farm, whose turbines started spinning off the coast of rhode island earlier this month. While the project is small, it could have large implications for americas supply of clean energy. Many of you expressed frustration that offshore wind power has taken so long to arrive here in the united states. Larry richmond said its absurd that its taken us this long. This is a nobrainer and should be a national priority. Fred krass added, crazy we are so far behind europe on this. People say they want energy independence, what better way to reach this goal. James sees empathized with residents who consider the windmills eyesores i wouldnt want a hydroelectric dam, solar farm, or least of all a Nuclear Power plant in my backyard either, but until we can start harnessing cold fusion in our basements, we have to have large Power Production facilities somewhere. Border lord added many people purchase oceanfront property for the unobstructed views, as do many who purchase homes in the mountains. Others travel great distances to vacation in places where technology does not intrude on their enjoyment of nature. Ellen dawson had some questions . Can anyone point me to studies of how, or whether, this proposed wind farm will affect migrating mammals that use sonar to navigate . Or how, or whether, vibrations resonating down the posts and into the sea bed create stress in the fauna of the surrounding habitats . And finally, this from Jackson Marshall i think they are ugly. As always, we welcome your comments at pbs. Org newshour, on our Facebook Page, or on twitter newshour. Stewart the chineseamerican artist whose deer paintings inspired the film bambi, has died. Tyrus wongs paintings impressed walt disney, who produced the animated film in 1942. Tyrus wong was 106 years old. And finally as the year comes to a close, northern michigans Lake Superior State University has released its annual list of words that should be banished for misuse or overuse. The 2017 list includes echo chamber, guesstimate, dadbod, listicle, and posttruth. Thats all for this edition of pbs newshour weekend. Im alison stewart. Good night, and happy new year. Captioning sponsored by wnet captioned by Media Access Group at wgbh access. Wgbh. Org pbs newshour weekend is made possible by bernard and irene schwartz. Judy and josh weston. The cheryl and Philip Milstein family. The john and Helen Glessner family trust supporting trustworthy journalism that informs and inspires. Sue and edgar wachenheim, iii. Barbara hope zuckerberg. Corporate funding is provided by mutual of america designing customized individual and Group Retirement products. Thats why were your retirement company. Additional support has been provided by and by the corporation for public broadcasting, and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. Thank you. Narrator youd better watch out, youd better not cry, youd better not pout. Im telling you why. Because mary and paul are coming to town. Paul . merry christmas, mary. These are all right, you know . Narrator this christmas, mary and pauls bakes are inspired by the delicious cakes, buns, and sweet treats of europe. Smells like christmas, mary. I just love baking at christmas. All the wonderful goodies that you share with the family and then in come all the oohs and ahhs. Ooh, mum, thats fantastic. Narrator mary makes a luxurious alternative to the christmas pudding
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