Being uprooted earlier at around 6 am local time the Cyclon struck Arista transport across eastern India has been severely disrupted with most trains and flights canceled in a risk that more than 300000 people have been moved from their homes and with heavy rains now lashing the area the authorities are urging people to stay indoors nearly 2 weeks after a devastating earthquake and tsunami hit the Indonesian city of parley a major search and rescue operations are ending today the government said the deadline was necessary to stop the spread of diseases and because it's increasingly difficult to identify bodies. The medical charity medicine some front here has called for an immediate end to Australia's or short attention policy for asylum seekers and refugees he says it's worried about the deteriorating mental health the refugees and asylum seekers on the island of power of Nuru whole Griffith reports from Sydney more than 170 people are being held at the immigration processing center or narrow having failed to gain entry into Australia m.s.f. Psychologists and psychiatrists have been working there for almost a year when the now rue government told them their services were no longer required but the charity says it had a waiting list of 100 patients some of whom had attempted to take their own lives the Australian Government or said the treatment of asylum seekers and refugees is a matter for the island's government this is the world news from the b.b.c. . A French president a man with a macron and Canada's prime minister Justin Trudeau are in our media for a summit of the organization of francophone countries French is not an official language in Armenia but nearly half a WW Armenians are reported to live in France including the French army and sing a sharp as a novel who died recently the summit agenda includes a possibly contentious election of a secretary general. Stock markets in Asia slumped in early trading after registering their biggest fall in months in the United States in Japan and Hong Kong they were down by more than 3 percent while in Shanghai the stock market fell by more than 2 and a half percent analysts say higher u.s. Interest rates and global trade tensions are making the markets nervous a final scientific paper has been published containing the work of the renowned physicist Stephen Hawking the study was completed by 3 Professor Hawking scholar leaks after his death earlier this year the b.b.c. Steve Jackson has more details the paper is entitled Black Hole entropy and soft hair and is a further contribution to understanding what happens to objects that disappear into black holes and where their information goes it was a central part of Stephen Hawking's work and this paper summarizes the status of those studies right up to his death Hawking who had motor neuron disease was told in the 1960 s. That he had just 2 years to live but he was able to carry on working for more than half a century his colleagues say his contributions are black hole physics remain vitally stimulating to the very end and finally a meteorite that is one of the biggest pieces of the moon ever put up for sale is being auctioned online in the United States the moon rock weighing about 5 and a half kilos was found last year in a remote area of Mauritania is thought to have plunged to earth thousands of years ago its large size and composition and said to be very unusual it could fetch around half a $1000000.00 at the auction baby singing these. Hello this is the full show on the b.b.c. World Service with me Ben Carter and with me in today's program the art of rhetoric what are the tricks of the trade to make what you say come across more powerfully and how can you tell when you're listening to a speech that stronger on style than on substance rhetoric mode it in our age of instant messaging crafting of carefully considered speech could turn out to be another arena where machines have an advantage over humans. The trend where the figures accounted for divorce rates in same sex marriages to be higher for women than for men the past is the same in Belgium the Netherlands Norway Sweden and the u.k. So why is this the case and is it's likely to continue. But 1st we delve into the world of moderators for social media these are the people who decide what we can see once they've acted as a human filter his and he says. A social media has become a cultural. Contents moderation has become oppressive. Social media companies have all struggled with this problem how do you decide what. Platform How do you balance free speech and protection of not to mention corporate reputation. Behind. Human beings. Sifting through. Take the biggest social media company Facebook. To have more than $20000.00 content around the world by the end of. These people and that's Facebook's policy. And the company itself from harm. They work behind the scenes cleaning the Internet of material most of us would rather not see and they have to look at some really horrible stuff just recently a woman stupid Facebook alleging her job gave her post-traumatic stress disorder. So what's it really like to work as a digital cleaner. In the studio with me this week is Jamie Bartlett technology writer and director of the Center for Analysis of social media at the think tank Demos I Jamie. There Jamie you recently spoke to her former Facebook content Moderator What did they tell you yeah she was called Brazde and she was a Facebook content moderator for 3 months last year and she's originally Turkish but moved to Berlin for family reasons and that's where she found a job and so was it advertised did she see in the newspaper how did she find out she needed a job quite quickly spoiled decide online asking for someone that could do some social media analysis and responded and got the job and had she had any previous experience in social media analysis not really sure she quite well qualified She's a research are in conflict and migration back in Turkey but for this job it simply said. You a native Turkish speaker Facebook employs a lot of native speakers around the world in all sorts of different languages but for this post it was someone that could speak Turkish fluently and whether they would be happy to spend time reviewing difficult content then they sent me the job offer as it was it clear what the actual job was that you were going for. And indeed Is this not the kind of job that you can easily describe. And ask which is the same art tell me a little bit about what they were asking me what sort things they were expecting from from the job Well nothing specific use. Because. What I understood after was is that they can't really make the job description of the profile too demanding because you are not well paid at all not know what they keep on telling you is that is a job that everyone can do by did it Kompany really needs people and. At least people fluent in a dozen of languages and speaking as languages and native level and who will accept to work for. Minimum wage so she was on minimum wage What's that in Germany minimum wage is just under $1500.00 euros a month which is roughly $1750.00 and that's full time doing 8 hour shifts with the half hour on paid lunch break and a 5 minute break every hour it did she have any training before she started the job yet she was given 2 weeks training where she learned about the myriad of Facebook policies and then after you you join your team and you are. In today called the Spirit in the wilds So you u. Dick trading Kwanten is one more week and you work with more experience one time moderator so you don't want action you are not alone but you sit next with this more experienced call late and who he will she is explaining you how to reach a decision Yeah and this is really the time when you see it content and you have a much better idea of te of the work itself and then she was on her own. But is as if you would work well in a factory so at age you come in you come and log in and from that moment on the system is following each of your movements by the. 1st thing that you have to do is to check the messages because you need to be out there up to date I mean to the pollsters are them selves changing fast and day you'll go in the moderate to call the q. And then just start it tentative that's and you will be handling the report almost without interruption till the end of your shifts so I want you to talk in team today were younger between all the every 2730 so talk me through the sorts of things that you were huffing to moderate wall those very diverse whatever the uses. Would have reported up to almost 80 person of the content was really violent violent looks Wyandottes. We handle a randomly texts. Videos pictures violence. Verbal while and that's something that me profoundly that's can be directed against person or form of bullying a lot of course coast saying. Sexual solicitation messages. As wall graphic violence you see I think that what scares them more content more direct to the mosque where a lot of that was quite became even iconic while there would be hating videos but yes I seen many use in many beheading many many indeed and not. Feel very shocking to you to have to see this stuff. To have to see this stuff know that this stuff is what it was parts of to drop and I was just keeping wondering why any person saying I would feel the need or the pleasure to post this kind of video and that was you see the question that this to me to most. What did it do to your soul state of mind desire to see this stuff over and. Is difficult in my previous work I mean I did a work in humanitarian field for instance words when I was in Turkey on the border with Syria I have searched certain expertise in handling rewards harm Ok well this is digital ball is that Freel or is this just limited to the digital space but these are the stuff that can have real effects on the data in life and as well because off the complexity of the analysis put for that you have to do it you might have to review a couple of times videos and this is very disturbing such as you need to look at certain details in order not to be a mistake in your final final judgment and you can't when you say be hating be sure about the decision that you have to take it's not just about deleting. You should do it for did write reason if not you go to mistakes and this is bad because we work under. Very strict for doctor to make metrics how many did you have to do a day haha so we are expected to handle 1300 charts and 50400 tickets sorry sorry can you had to deal with over a 1000 of these every day yes yes and that leaves you 13 seconds to the site so that's the most painstaking part you can't really think and worse you shouldn't be thinking too much that was a something which was very disturbing to me Do you see them in the reason why you human sit behind this computer is that the technological. This is for the computers but expect some people to think like it or. So she's looking roughly at about $1300.00 mostly violent posts a day posted a flood by face but uses and she only has 13 seconds to decide whether those posts be deleted That's right Jamie it's not just a case of using common sense as to what counts is violence all profane No No Actually sometimes the policies are a bit counter-intuitive So for example videos of violent deaths which would be mocked as disturbing don't necessarily have to be deleted because they can help raise awareness of issues such as mental illness and some photos of non-sexual physical abuse and bullying of children don't have to be deleted or action and as they say unless there is a sadistic also liberates reanimate. Well there are some cases that were just very hard I mean something like hate speech or hate crime these are things that often depend on the context and the people saying it I mean how do you make decisions on those difficult cases and I mean you should just stick to the policy and see and not think too much about the intention there is there straight quest for it and probably much I mean more strict than Dettori rules off I mean news papers. Publishing the region where I'm coming from what if someone had posted immigrants in Germany is that hate speech. So you know it was it was not. Not a speech. What about all immigrants what about all immigrants are rapists it s. Some of these policies have got Facebook in a spot of bother you might remember last year that the platform deleted the iconic napalm girl photo Yeah I remember the year I was because it failed the nudity test and then they were accused of censorship and that's the sort of mistake that an algorithm might make but it's also the sort of mistake that someone who's only got 13 seconds to come to a decision might also make. And often some posts appear to contravene several of Facebook's policies and the content moderator Husted decide which one is the most serious So what is there makes your work really terrible is days here are king of action the same tickets can and b. Can violate d. Community standards because of a couple of reasons because self nudity because of traffic violence while a ticket is violent very much so I guess as witness West checks your 1st. But you might get sad mistake because you forgot that the bodies splayed were also naked and you could see did tended towards does not mean you are stressed about quickly making the decision. In your stressed however we sit in a team where not isolate it and people do help each other and there's some people who are more experienced and who well you can consult it's possible I mean if you think that support is very poor Matic that you can consult you can ask for support this is possible but I get it pay impacts at the end of the day or performance so if it happens too often probably the management will thing to it you're not really good at this at this work the context here is clearly important but it sounds like there's an awful lot of pressure to get it right yeah the huge pressure on the combination of the stress of making the right decision and hitting your targets coupled with the content of the images that you're seeing obviously takes its toll I accept that. The content is difficult Ok violence sure but they are bought a profession in a to professional people are confronted to violence. But that is I take that as a given but however to weigh the work as organize the attitude of your the management towards you as wall is making it even more difficult so you are in a digital work you don't have contacts either when you sit in the open office but you can talk conch share you can reflect so you have just to repeat endlessly the same movements and you don't at the end of the day you see you can put in the distance between the but you see on the screen and yourself I mean I was losing the sense off reality and you can disconnect after wards so I was dreaming about my work but I think before that I should feel lucky that I couldn't visualize the content but I was seeing myself repeating the same just and and you see the way you look onto the source site is changing how to make you see the society differently than mom you huge star thinking that the society has become insane while I was done telling me No you're just exposing to most marginal parts of it. But when you just keep on seeing the same kind of contact is you just say No indeed not this is the majority majority off the platform is like this of course we cannot communicate with she personally hired to post but I really would have loved sometimes to just be able to tell the person why you know what you do here you need to consider that as your indeed in a public space is the g. Thing other people your colleagues there was it was it the same for them were they going through the same sort of experience and problems. Yes I mean yes very many war were a bit. Very much were at a bar to long term effects again or there are younger and sometimes some were really reacting and I've heard it a cynical way this is also sad what do you mean his head just. Laughing You see but this is a form of expression office will stress test just joking Do you have any support for the and hope company and then we have the possibility to get some what was called psychological support one person indeed or 2 person working part time work available was that enough no bearing in mind that almost all thousands of people are employed stress one person I don't think was enough how long do you think that somebody could do this job and sort of stay healthy and sane again I just worked 3 months but I. Just realized that I was sad I was feeling sat looking at people all round me and even 3 months even takes a toll on by and there were many callings while working for more than a year began a health. This is difficult and as Walter you see you are not valorize in the role you mine you we have the don't exist now at least well if you are fortunate worker so you know what you would do people know if you are a law enforcement agents or a teacher or so you do act in all this rolls up but we don't exist so should this be a better paid job or maybe a better qualified job that will help the job of a content moderator should become a profession and one requires to. Set off skills to really be to perform well to the task and not to be too much in impacted perhaps by the contact . Know Jamie and the start of the program we mentioned a recent losses last month a woman who monitored contents on Facebook sued the company alleging it does not properly protect those who face mental trauma as a result of viewing distressing images. Selena Schuyler filed a lawsuit in California where of course Facebook has had course that the company says its moderators have full access to mental health resources and Jamie the content moderator you spoke to in Germany didn't say the job isn't worthwhile or even that it's an awful job to have but that the people who do it should be given recognition for the job they do precisely Yes So they say they need some respect they need psychological support they need a salary that sort of matches the heavy weight of the role that they do. Under spiralis she does actually think it should be the role of the social media companies to decide whether something should be taken down and not governments in January this year Germany where lives passed a law which means that large social media platforms like Twitter and Facebook can be fined up to 50000000 euros if they don't quickly remove content that's the legal under German law notably hate crime and that worries her a bit. I mean I really felt that the legislator didn't really understand how this work was conducted which is totally normal on this matter by sometimes visiting the office space or that they can have a specific idea and also that so probably was not taking They didn't take into account that the platform is global but then I was to start a search asking myself what will happen if their governments all over the world will start. Adopting vicious lation nation legislation targeting social media platforms so on there's no end in that. Says way of opening a Pandora's Box So what if you're in if given that you've been on the inside and see how and you've seen how it works if every country did the same thing as Germany what would happen to Facebook 1.0 sexuality is a crime in different countries and a word blaspheme against religion as well as war crime what will happen at the end I think at the platform will or will not exist Jamie version was talking about the next d.g. Law in Germany we covered that here on trending earlier this year but why does bushy think that the platform will not exist or I think is because if each government around the world starts dictating to these big platforms Woolies or isn't hate speech and that's going to be different in every single country suddenly you are going to have a single global platform where all the same