Abakan, the steppe stretches, historians call it the valley of the kings. Here, in the production of 5 km , there are 56 large burial mounds ; they were built by the siberian scythian tribes; scientists named this archaeological culture after the place the first tagar archaeologists, the scythians of the tagards, inhabited these places in the eighth third centuries bc. The leaders eye socket was found to have a grassy mass. The mouths were plastered over, white with clay, it is possible that the funerary mask was made that had already been killed to do so. All soft tissues. The bones were removed and fastened. That is, it was the mummy which put on display, perhaps even carried around the state, so that all the tribal peoples who obeyed him could say goodbye to him. In that era, people lived to be 40 years old. Here, and he lived almost 75. Well, we dont know his name, but we know that he was more powerful in the 5th century bc on the territory of this state of the tagans. There could not be such a person. The excavations helped scientists to understand the structure of the royal kurgan an embankment in the form of a pyramid. It reached a height of 30 m. The base of the kurgan is a square 70x70 m. Stone slabs with corner steles, two or three human heights, according to preliminary estimates. The heaviest of them can weigh about 70 tons. Unusual stones stand at the foot of the kurgan, the shape of one of them resembles the handle of a dagger stuck in the ground of the second quiver, perhaps in this way the highlanders wanted to tell that the great commander was buried here. On the sandstone slabs , one can still see ancient drawings from the kiev time and later kyrgyz tanks, numerous generic family signs archaeological finds are stored in the Khakassian National Museum of local lore in abakan in khakassia in 1722, the first scientific excavations of russian archaeologists were carried out. From each of the epochs of Human History in the Minusinsk Basin, their monuments remained at the end of the bronze age. In the third second millennium bc. Tribes lived here who erected such stone statues with mysterious masks. Most of the monuments were left by warlike scythian tribes in tagar barrows; decorations in the famous animal style and weapons. The tagar wars are armed with such weapons this is a real real dagger, if there were horse wars that were armed with daggers, checks, bows, here the dagger was used, of course, most likely for close combat, but it saved up in attacks. Naturally, a nutritious ax, chekan, and so on. The era is the era of warriors. And the entire great degree was filled with military clashes and campaigns. Uh, this is such a peculiar era. How can you compare the era of the great migration in europe when thousands tribes move from their place and participate in military operations, resettlement, and so on and so forth. The era was replaced by another no less stormy and warlike in 2001 bc, the khakass Minusinsk Basin was conquered by the nomads of the xiongnu, the turkicspeaking tribes gradually penetrated here in the period from the sixth to the ninth centuries of our era. This is a heavy cavalry. During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the inhabitants of khakassia were attacked by neighbors, especially from the side of the dzhungars at the beginning of the 18th century, the dzungars captured most of the population of the Minusinsk Basin, realizing that protection from their devastating invasions could only come from the russian state. The khakasses became part of the russian empire. In 1707, the first abakan ostrog was built. 10 years later, sayansky, on the border with dzungaria, kazakh garrisons settled down, the village of arbaty, the tashtyp district of khakassia , was founded in the second half of the 18th century by a cossack family. In one of the traditional of the now operating museum were sent from krasnoyarsk province. And periodically after a certain change over time. Such an existence was painful for the military cossacks, and they asked for the formation of a cossack village of a stanitsa on this territory. Well, the hut in which you are located belonged to a cossack, no one nikolaevich sivkin was. On may 6, 1896, the interiormuseum hut is decorated with photographs of cossacks from family archives of the inhabitants of the modern village. Many of them are the descendants of the first settlers and the russians were disturbed in the 20th century by the revolution and the subsequent civil war. In the village of chury , 90 km south of abakan, there is a monument to the events of the civil war, the obelisk recalls the battle at the end of october 1919 between the white guards and the red partisans. The estate of the gold miner ivanitsky in the village of chebaki, shirinsky district of khakassia is one of the most famous architectural monuments associated with the civil war since 2020. Here partisan or insurrectionary movement against soviet power begins. Here in the north, the leader of this movement was ataman solovyov, the maximum number of his detachment consisted of about 400 people. Here, as a neighborhood, this city operated a partisan detachment named after grand duke mikhail to suppress the rebellion, or as they used to say in soviet times. The childrens movement created combat areas and special purpose combat units. Uh, banditry. These are chenovtsy 2 months old. Here, uh, the commander of the fifth combat site was Arkady Petrovich golikov is a future childrens writer. Gaidar, the dramatic events of the civil war in the north of khakassia remained in peoples memory for a long time. During the great patriotic war, being in the rear of the inhabitants of the region, they supplied coal, timber, nonferrous metals for the needs of the Army Hundreds of thousands of tons of grain, meat, milk, wool, products from cats, fur coats in the republic, several evacuation hospitals worked at the front of the great patriotic war, about 75,000 residents of the region were called up, 33 hero of the soviet union and 13 full cavaliers of the order of glory, originally from khakassia we we are on a mountain, which in russian is called samokhval, the khakass name for this mountain and torchins. This is the name of the hero who, according to legend, is buried here. It is clear that this bogatyr was distinguished by courage and strength and was the defender of this land in the medieval era in 2015, at the initiative of the council of the elder of the khakass people, this monument was opened and dedicated. He not only to the soldiers who died during the great patriotic war, but also to all the soldiers who defended this land, the memorial complex in its Architectural Design reminds numerous burials of ancient warriors of the khakassian valleys, medieval batyr and soldiers of the 20th century stand guard over peace and tranquility, abakan and all the peoples living on this ancient land. Did says moscow is transmitting an important government message. Without any declaration of war, the German Armed Forces attacked the borders of the soviet union by the time yuri levitan brought this terrible war to the citizens of the vast soviet union, the war had already left with might and main. The first victims have already become known to the first heroes who fought to the end with by the advancing enemy and simultaneously came reports that too many were forced to retreat, sometimes succumbing to the general panic of the first hours of the german invasion. And more often, simply not having the means to resist, these were infantrymen and artillerymen, to whom pilots and tankmen did not deliver ammunition on time. Brest fortress. Worse , i already remembered how e beat. They discovered the heavily guarded border guard, who was lying behind the machine gun at that moment, just came the order to retreat. The soldiers offered the border guard, who remained in their memory as an unknown hero, to depart with them, but he refused, next to him there were still several full disks with machine gun cartridges. And he said, this is my outpost and my post, as long as im alive, i wont leave here, brest fortress. One of the most striking examples of the heroism of soviet soldiers after its final conquest, for which the nazis needed truly colossal hitlers efforts were brought to the ruins of the defeated bastion by the leaders of the italian fascists. Zenith to demonstrate to him the strength of the nazi army, after all, even centuries old. Not the fortresses were turned into small crumbs after many days of shelling and bombing, but mussolini first of all saw his other attention on the dilapidated walls, the defeated citadels attracted the inscription to him , they explained that they were made by the hands of the soviet soldiers defending the fortress, then mussolini asked to translate one of them to him motherland im dying, but i dont give up wrote an unknown soldier musli did not remain silent, but he apparently made conclusions, because when he returned to italy he told his Close Associates that it was impossible to fight against this people. The brest fortress held out more than the entire french world during world war ii. And they just didnt make it and blew it up and even let it go there. We filmed in places where fierce battles really took place, when our border outposts were the first to meet the armada of fascist equipment with a multimillionstrong army. And when i read the script, i was first of all bribed, there was a human destiny. There there was a piercing moment of expectation of a terrible misfortune. I remember the scenes when marina leftova and vera sotnikova, who play the roles of the wife of these two officers of the Frontier Post commander and are watered myself, which i won, and at night dig a mass grave with their hands on their nails to bury the dead soldiers. Artilleryman anatoly shuluchko still remembers what he saw at the Frontier Post. Tanks. The tanks had already surrounded the outpost and forced only one machine gun to work in essence, all the outposts died, the people were their commander. The head of the outpost died. Here, at the machine gun, there was the wife of the head of the outpost, a son of 12 years old, and one soldier. Here are the three alive from the whole composition. I turned my weapon around. Two tanks were knocked out and a shell went off from us. In total , there were seven shells, in addition to two antitank shells, two highexplosive and three antithrow. And then the soldier had to roll the gun to the side and occupy it. He is against german tanks and submachine gunners with pistols and carbines in their hands. As a gunner, i had a pistol, and the rest had carbines, and we had already repulsed the attack of the submachine gunners on the cavalrymen. Ours in the horse ranks, as there were no cartridges, sabers on goal and their regiment commander, major breykel, led the water attack on his regiment and drove the germans 8 km beyond the border, and then barely escaped from there, he was already surrounded by a tank, but it still knocked out a shell for pushing, as an artilleryman they brought it up only on the second day, simply because the ammunition depot, due to some for reasons incomprehensible from a logical point of view , was located several kilometers from the location of the unit itself, and therefore the carts sent for ammunition turned around faster. They just couldnt when the artillerymen finally had it. Then there were shells. They provided our soldiers with such art support that they were able to hold the border in this area for another 5 days, and the germans had already taken lvov for 60 km. At that time, we only had a command to retreat, and we essentially retreated at night during the day, stopped and took up defensive positions, resisted, because during the day, it was impossible for aviation to retreat, german aviation strangled. In those first days of the war, in general, it worked, exceptionally accurately and competently, not without reason, even before the fateful day of june 22 , german Reconnaissance Aircraft constantly flew over the soviet border, however, by order from moscow, they did not touch them. There was an order in the fortieth year that the planes that violated the hunters border should be opened in the water. They strongly began to violate the order received to force the landing at their airfield. Well, which pilot will go to the enemy airfield, if he, it seems, opens up, of course, did not follow these commands and should, bro, heading towards his territory. On the morning of june 22, anatoly korol and his fellow pilots never received an order to shoot, moreover, even if they wanted to open fire on the enemy, then it would be simply impossible to do so. The fact is that the day before the start of the war, an order came dismantle aircraft weapons. A command was received to prepare for the exercises, around july 19 , weapons were removed from the aircraft and unexpectedly at 4 00 approximately wednesday combat readiness. Well, you thought that this would be an exercise. However, at 4 30 in the morning, the germans from schmidt appeared over the airfield and opened fire, which was nothing to try to shoot, just drive the enemy away, stupid and extremely dangerous, but there were no options for a headlight. Dima fisted the commander. He noticed this plane, as there were no weapons. But this plane, shot down at the cost of the forced heroism of our pilot, was only a Reconnaissance Aircraft after 5 minutes. The airfield on which part of anatoly the king was based was subjected to severe bombardment. And the germans bombed. So exactly what was completely clear, they clearly know where and what they are located and how to inflict the greatest intelligence of the enemy, they really did a lot on the eve of the war. It should be noted directly that they were good. The location, of course, of our border outposts is known. These were excellent reference points for artillery for enemy aircraft in the future. They went where without for the warehouse they are putting up a tent. It was in the forest. They are all on this, fortunately the data is nearby. And flew out offended throwing if and stunned somewhere in 6 00 there with a beggar they put me up to reconnaissance. I saw the border, the border was on fire on june 22, and the przemysl border detachment and the ninetyninth Rifle Division were driven out of the city of przemysl well on the night of june 23, a combined detachment of Border Guards under the command of a captain. Irrigation of water together with a unit of the ninetyninth structural division. He knocked out the germans from the soviet part of remysl a and so on, just for the first time in the western press it was published that the russians were advancing. 15 to 30 minutes. They calculated that the length of the section of the new border of the ussr , which was the first to be attacked , was 4,000 520 km 62 people, and this was precisely the composition of the average soviet border. You have to defend six eight, and sometimes 10 km of the state border, while according to the draft soviet field charter of the thirtyninth year, 11 km were considered the defense zone of an entire Rifle Division armed , including artillery, but the germans knew that from heavy weapons. At every outpost there are only machine guns. Maxim up to a couple of degtyarev light machine guns, the main armament is threeline rifles, meticulous germans. Nikolai kononenko was not mistaken, who met the dawn on june 22 at the soviet border along the river, a pond in bessarabia is exactly remembered. How many people were at his outpost and what they were armed with was an outpost of only 45 people armed with three shaposhnikov assault rifles why three because the head of the torrentama had assistants and a political instructor in these mosque automatic weapons, and the rest was so threedenievich to the germans. It was obvious that in such a composition and with such weapons , the Frontier Post was physically unable to defend the border from the regular army, but the very first minutes of the battle showed that the calculations of these broken pennies cost the division, so to speak, the regiments in the pre french army. Through the news, after the start of the war, they surrendered, threw out a white flag, what did the Border Guards say there forced how much to force a person . Well, 350 maximum. They certainly expected it, but they were mistaken here. This, it seems to me, was the first signal that a witness that in in the end, the german troops are waiting for big trouble, despite the weak armament , the outpost held out for one hour or more at the baltic border district. After 25 caught the attack. A few hours later they set up a fire sack for the german forward units, they camouflaged themselves along the road, set up machine guns, and when the german Forward Patrol entered and he was completely shot, when the german offensive began, novikov, the commander of the fifteenth Frontier Post, was in gas. Realizing that something terrible is happening. He took he disguised himself as a defense in the hollow of an oak tree, as only Border Guards could do with him, he had a degtyarev machine gun and a good supply of ammunition during june 22. On this section of the border, the germans could not pass only at night, seriously wounded, he was captured by the germans. They took him to the territory of poland , and here he died. I must say that the germans really appreciated how the soviet Border Guards resisted, and therefore, after a very long time, an order was invented that roughly reads as follows Border Guards, damn it, do not take destroy on the spot. If there were Border Guards or sailors against them, they always taught them to be very afraid. There was such a case already on the korean front, for about 40 years the german officer of the forward offensive team answered him. Let the germans advance. He again forward, and then he saw a green cap, the guards hid behind a stone. A poignant footage, when two exhausted soldiers alone, the wounded who lost all the soldiers , raises the post of the border of the soviet union for sure, they will not survive. We understand it because the germans had already gone far on the bridge, and yet. They protect our earth to the last bullet. But the most offensive thing for the Border Guards was that they knew better than anyone about the timing of the start of the war, because the