A that i just numbers for you here. When i change a national, we understand that 30 people have been killed and over 700 wounded and pastors in bagdad. Its following to worth time from politics of a leading shia cleric who stood firm for many years against us in fluid in iraq with it is so good to have you with us today. Here when a r T International, weve got your top stories right now and we continue with our special coverage and its breaking news or whatnot. International as the final leader of the soviet union, Mikhail Gorbachev has died 891 in moscows central hospital. As we understand it was after a prolonged illness. How many politicians from around the world have already expressed their condolences over his death. So for a moment here when archie international, lets take a look through gorbachev legacy in our special coverage. Ah. I had all teach peter scott with me in the studio just a bit earlier in the program. Hes been following the worlds reaction to the death of mechanical unsurprisingly, theres been an absolutely huge out pouring of condolences for the former soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev. I mean stuffing here at home, we have putin who expressed his deepest condolences on some point later today. He is expected to get in touch with gold shops, friends, and relatives, and express those condolences to him. Un 60 general antonio could cherish described him as a one of a kind states. You change the course of history. The u. K. P. M, admired gorbachevs, courage and integrity, your opinion and present. Lavonne de lion praised him as a trusted, unrestricted leader who laughed as she described unforgettable legacy. And i could go on rory, but just touching on not from forgettable legacy that live on the line praised him for. I think hes fed say that it is a bit of a mixed 5 depending on where you look at it from in the west. Gorbachev is seen as this sort of progressive reforming lead you both around democracy an error of hope. And he opened up, and of course he did, you know, he, he bought an end, the cold war, he signed a number of arms reduction treaties with the u. S. And, of course, brought around the beautification of germany. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1990 as well for his role in improving relations between the east and west. But i think you said to say the overhead and russia that legacy isnt quite as rosy. Many russians, they do blame him for the economic turbulence caused by his reforms. You have obviously the iconic perestroika and glasnost, the restructuring, an openness to plunge, Living Standards here. And of course, the ninetys were very chaotic time in russia. So he isnt seen in 2 favorable a lights among Many Russians here. And of course, president putin famously said that he sees the collapse of the soviet union as the greatest duplicate catastrophe of the 20th century. Now, following the clubs of the soviet union, of course, gorbachev stepping down from power in 9 to one. He very much took a back seat in russian politics. He did, however, try one more for re into the National Political arena in 96 where he run for president. But he only received half a percentage of the votes. And since then, he mainly focused on humanitarian and educational projects. Now hes expected to be buried in moscows over d. V. G cemetery next to his wife rice and she passed away in 1919 a very famously misses her solely or mister solely. And of course, well bring you more on the full off course of gorbachev death as a mom, we got the got a bunch of over hold the soviet unions Foreign Policy by introducing the new political thinking doctrine, which ultimately thought relations with the western well brought about the end of a costly cold war. Gorbachev called for the world to be seen as united and interdependent, instead of divided into a communist and capitalist countries. So the balance of interest of Different Countries as a way of solving international problems. Universal values had to be recognized above all others, whether they be religious or national. Soviet leader also wanted to see the world free of all Nuclear Weapons by the start of the 21st century. Ah, he ended the isolation of our country and she brought last most and freedoms. He accompanied group which of to the key meetings of the time on witnessing his history was made. One such meeting was the reykjavik summit in october 1986. The one when Ronald Reagan and may have gorbachev moved to a Ground BreakingNuclear Arms Control agreement. Despite talks collapsing at the last minute, there was still seen as a huge breakthrough. Breakable was the most dramatic, the most exciting and ultimately a disappointment at that point. But later it turned out that the main parameters of Nuclear Arms Reductions had been agreed and then became treated that were assigned and 87, and then 9 to one. Those are treated, served russia, us, the world, read well, the tickets break having became possible only after the 1st meeting between reagan and gorbachev, the historic 1985 geneva summit, it was held despite huge skepticism around the events. Many soviet experts on the might at states thought that reagan was a very conservative, very rightly president for food you can really cannot do business and dont go much of believed otherwise and said otherwise. And they were able to establish a relationship with reagan that worked quite well. But one of the very 1st meetings gorbachev held with the west was with the iron lady herself, yuki premier, margaret thatcher. The 2 met in 1984 before gorbachev. Even so the leader, the talks were viewed as a 1st step to finally warning relations between the soviet union and the west. I like mister gorbachev, we can do business together. She said so to Ronald Reagan, in that sense, she was influential and she played an Important Role in establishing the bright atmosphere. Remember that before i go mature of came in, there hadnt been a us soviet some, it was 6 years. Its an absolutely incredible financial look. It was a huge turnaround in the relationship and something that despite all the differences between gorbachev and subsequent leaders has not been undone. Ill go to watch off was responsible for a Major Nuclear disarmament breakthrough a following nearly 2 years of wrangling with n u. S. President reagan over the issue, he suddenly made a surprise announcement sat, the soviet union was ready to sign the treaty without delay. So lets take you back, december 1987, the soviet union and america agreed to eliminate all of our land based intermediate range nuclear missiles. Right . That, thats the iconic photo of gorbachev. And then president reagan signing the documents and ultimately getting their names on those treaties. Or 33 years ago, gorbachev became the 1st soviet leader to visit china after relations between the countries chilled following joseph stalin. Death it malta, new stage of bilateral relations between moscow and beijing. And now more than 3 decades later, cooperation between the countries as an all time high, china has now become the number one trading partner with russia, creating economic and political ties as an alternative to that of western reliance. Moscow invasion of players that their relationship has no limits as they look towards the future. Well, lets learn more crossing life now to benjamin child of the power school of technology and business. Understand of a china and globalization very good morning to you. So thanks so much for joining us, doing a special rolling coverage on our T International take me back if you will. What influence has gone off hard in improving relations between moscow and beijing . But the relations between moscow and paging had unexpectedly turn sour during the cold war between the u. S. A. U s. S r. But its also expected in a sense that the u. S. Wanted to gain support from china in this very important Golden Triangle of international relations. And colbert chef when to china in may, 988. He was the 1st high level leader of the u. S. S. O. 2 with the china in 30 years. And the relationship between more school and bridging had to improve since that when you talk about a go to much office visit the end of the decade, it was in may, as you said, the visit was followed by student protests. And even now of course, the infamous gentleman square events, do you think in some way those developments hurt bilateral ties to an extent eye witness what happened during the movement at that time, i think called the shelf high port. It took place right in the middle of the various if youre into problems in china, that the man you can on the end poor did who reform in china and at the time called the chef was traced by with so much that he was, we put to the fight stage, a symbol we form and hope hes a young leader at 58 compared to the param out chinese leader. Then south p 84. And his old comrades and the chinese at the time were fully aware of whats happening in the community. And so the communist party said, grew by the Chinese People that comedies, partying. The soviet union was more, less in clothing. And so the, the companys pocket meant in china for a larger gift on with that. And you know, the rest of the story is what we know today. China did not follow exactly what the u. S. R has done to reform political system and economy to china. It is gradually, manifest global shop had taught china what not to do in a year for a child. Lets, lets do a bit of a comparison. If we can, we talk about to go to much office visit in the late eightys to china. Then lets talk about the difference now with putin at the helm of russia, gorbachev was essentially a man who gained celebrity status with his western professional partners. Putin doesnt seem to have celebrity status now. However, how is the relationship between beijing and moscow different now to day than it was back in the times of gorbachev . No. As you have been seen in china relationship with for sure is or time high or almost in history. Now, because although the 2 leaders who gina and accomplish of what they were being viewed quite deeply in the west, by the western standard. But what is important should to china, its really about the welfare of the people. Of course, 1st of what the people of its own country. We see china, for example, see a lot of, you know, complementarity. We have with the us or the washer. Because china is a world factory. But we didnt have too much energy, which is very good. And weve a huge amount of energy research. So now we, we, we didnt see that there is a, to anybodys interest from the us from days. Whats your site and also trying to i to, to not improve the relationship. But china, it just fall, follow the way we do it for many economy in the last 40 years using this thing is so called to track system work market economy. Its gradually to get more and more important ro, alongside with the plan economy in well, in terms of g d, p measure by pushing and power g. China has already passed us in 2020 so, so china approves that there was a way other than a call to reform. They could improve the lives of the source or something good about you were saying back in those days when he was visiting china, he where he was supportive over of a more of a multi polar. Well, he said he didnt want the world to be separated and called me to states and capital estates. And essentially, you know, you look at what lot of putin has been saying in recent months about the emergence, the new born, multi polar world. It would be interesting if we could go back just a few days and get the opinion of the former soviet liter Mikhail Gorbachev. Benjamin child of the center for china and globalization joining us life if the special rolling coverage. We appreciate your time. Thank you. Now one of the biggest marks that the last soviet later made was the fall, of course of the berlin wall will take you back november. The 9th 1989 now ultimately led to the reification of germany. After being divided for almost half a century. This is how the historic event unfolded. Have a look at this. Aah 1989. A year when the berlin wolf fell together, the political, ideological, and Territorial Division of germany, the last 28 years or the people of germany awaken 1961 to the face of reality. In this moment, old, we divided by bob white, concrete, and stones from their friends and relatives were throughout the bulls existence more than 10000 people try to make it across hundreds who killed. And Mikhail Gorbachev played a crucial role making a peaceful re unification possible. I come here to this gate. Mister gorbachev. Open this gate. Ah mister gorbachev, tear down this 1. 1989 Mikhail Gorbachev visited germany promoting perestroika and glass. No c, my interrogates, got about and people wanting to change quickly followed by the leadership of the communist body. And moscow was much more open much as the mountain reacting on that a good question. A i think that he wanted to make the, the leaders of the eastern world understand, you have to accept that we live in times of changing. And if we dont react, we will be pushed by sour. Ah. Now gorbachev is not known only just for his new political thinking policies towards the west, but also for love of western culture. And during his time, he had also to meet and greets, with the hollywood superstars rubbing elbows with the a list as he was also featured in european clothing campaigns and even had a starring role in a pizza hut commercial. Oh, hes about all of us. We discourage his wisdom and his vision, and of course hes tremendous. Will a person, a very kind with responsible for change to, with the city will know what kind of you better back the blue, a blue a now back home. Gorbachev implemented up spread of domestic social, political, and economic reforms, including the complete democratization of soviet policies and an intended boost for the economy. Of course, no discussion of soviet policies will be complete without mentioning glass lost and perestroika glass north. Whats the transparent discussion of police full and social issues as well as the free circulation of news and information . As a result, ecological problems, politicians, privileges, and soviet bureaucracy. Were all fair game to discuss. But a stroke i was the democratic restructuring of the soviet political and economic systems. However, many think that but its broke up, was a failure. It led to a collapse in industry and dia, shortages of consumer goods, leading to long queues of people for even the most basic of necessities. The weak economy, as well as political divisions spark, massive social unrest. Here are the features for you right now. How many angry citizens protested in the streets over poor living conditions, or despite strong criticism of perestroika, i just consequences. Gorbachev insisted that he was defending the soviet union up until the very end. Last, what i did was defend the soviet union to the last bullet. When i failed, i dont agree when people say that perestroika failed, didnt fail, it was disrupted derailed, or the beginning of 990. And gorbachev st. Approval rating in the u. S. S. Off stood 70 percent. By the end of the year, it was roughly 20. The people felt let down by perestroika when there hopes for a Better Future simply would not met. At the same time, go to the jobs a rating in the west went through the roof, 81 percent Approval Rating in america, 75. 00 in germany, in britain, and 70 percent Approval Rating in italy. Now a slew of economic, social and political failures during perestroika lead to an attempted coup as take you back august 1991 with senior government and military officials tried to take control of the country away from gorbachev. It failed in just 3 days. But it did precipitate. The dissolution of the soviet union were then future leader Boris Yeltsin. Poise to come to the for oh god, the 19th, 1991 on every tv channel in the country in a continuous loop of the ballet swan lake. Meanwhile in moscow dramatic scenes, were playing out a moment, vehicles rolling into the capitol. The presence of the usa seller is out of town and not the house arrest his holiday home in crimea will radio and t v announcements proclaimed Mikhail Gorbachev was no longer fit for duty. And the country was now under the control of an emergency committee. Ah, cities is new as motion to stoop, us us to use that or . Yeah, the following year go to my children. We fail. Im city h hm. So unless the president , this is a say, these anastasia, the of william shuttle sleigh awfully senior at his speaking is up on misty, but at least teaches a chain pleasure. Any of us didnt ask me if were supposed to set natal faith myths of independent media shut down. People across the soviet union left struggling to understand what exactly is happening. Almost device, were waking up to around 4000. 00 troops and hundreds of times for petroleum street. The co attempt was masterminded by communist hotline is. He wants to derail a pending agreement on wide ranging sovereignty for soviet republic. But tens of thousands of protested began heading outside, forming around the russian government had caught it. Russian leda Boris Yeltsin famously defied the takeover from the full tank i knew on. By the evening, 6 more tanks join yelled inside. The next day crowds outside the white house continue to grow. Ah, on august the 21st 3 people it kills when anti cooper, it is tried to solve the column of ahmed vehicles. Ah. A day later, gorbachev returns to moscow as the attempted overthrow effectively collapses, crowns, as the Russian Creek law becomes the official state flag, the symbolic sign of victory, the hard line communist truth. Now, despite the controversies, gorbachev was still widely considered. One of the brightest and most significant politicians of his time, we will continue our special coverage of his profound historic legacy throughout the day here on arty international. Ah no i returning to today, i made political bickering, income inequality rising distrust and a criminal investigation into a former president. Now more than 40 percent of americans say they could foresee a civil war