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What Is an Intrauterine Device (IUD)? An intrauterine device (IUD) is a piece of T-shaped plastic, about the size of a quarter, that is placed inside the uterus to prevent pregnancy. Two types of IUDs are available: one is covered with copper, the other releases the hormone progestin. How Does an IUD Work? The copper-coated IUD prevents pregnancy by not allowing the sperm to fertilize the egg. It may also make it harder for a fertilized egg to implant in the uterus. An IUD coated with progestin works in a similar way, but also thickens the...

Noninvasive brain stimulation restores behavioral flexibility in cocaine-exposed rats A major impediment to treatment of substance use disorder (SUD) is a loss of behavioral flexibility, whereby one's judgment is impaired such that their actions continuously result in negative consequences. Such decisions include continuing to use drugs, but this inflexibility extends to other areas of life and can continue even well into abstinence from drug use. Previous research in animals suggests that this inflexibility can be traced to reduced neural signaling in brain regions critical for behavioral fl...

Daily caffeine consumption can change the gray matter of the brain Coffee, cola, or an energy drink: caffeine is the world's most widely consumed psychoactive substance. Researchers from the University of Basel have now shown that regular caffeine intake can change the gray matter of the brain. However, the effect appears to be temporary. Image Credit: Danijela Maksimovic / Shutterstock No question - caffeine helps most of us to feel more alert. However, it can disrupt our sleep if consumed in the evening. Sleep deprivation can, in turn, affect the gray matter of the brain, as previous studie...

Preston opens up to Danni about his family, Andi learns she's the talk of her apartment building, Zac and Fatima's relationship heats up, and Karen struggles with Aaron's vow of abstinence.

New research examines how alcohol exposure impacts aspects of neuroplasticity New research and analysis examine how alcohol exposure impacts many aspects of neuroplasticity in a special issue of Brain Plasticity Neuroplasticity, the remarkable ability of the brain to modify and reorganize itself, is affected by or in response to excessive alcohol, whether through individual consumption or exposure in the womb. It is now well accepted that the birth and integration of new neurons continue beyond development and into adulthood. New discoveries and insights on how alcohol impacts this and other...