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The Court said that in criminal cases, lawyers are an absolute necessity and not a luxury and that is the reason vast sums of money are disbursed to establish legal aid centres and State Legal Services Authorities.
A bench of Justice V. Ramasubramanian, who authored the judgment, and Justices S. Abdul Nazeer, B.R. Gavai, and A.S. Bopanna, held that the government had the responsibility of protecting citizens from both the state and non-state actors. Justice B.V. Nagarathna dissented.
The Supreme Court ruled that ministers, MPs and MLAs enjoy freedom of speech in equal measure as other citizens under Article 19(1)(a) of the Constitution and additional restrictions cannot be imposed on their right.
Hate speech strikes at the foundational values of the Constitution and leads to inequalities in the society, Supreme Court judge Justice BV Nagarathna said on Tuesday.
The Gujarat High Court recently held that a person cannot be deprived of his liberty merely based on the apprehension that he might tamper with evidence