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The Atacama Desert is by far the driest and oldest desert on Earth, showing a unique combination of environmental extremes (extreme dryness, the highest UV radiation levels on Earth and highly saline and oxidizing soils), explaining why the Atacama has been largely investigated as a Mars analog model for almost twenty years. Based on the source and the amount of water available for life and its analogy with Mars, two ecosystems are of interest in the Atacama; its Coastal Range and the much drier hyperarid core, which we here review in detail. Members of the three domains of life have been foun...

 E-Mail IMAGE: Scientists investigate the evolution of Mimivirus, one of the world's largest viruses, through how they replicate DNA. Researchers from the Indian Institute of Technology Bombay shed light on the origins... view more  Credit: Indian Institute of Technology Bombay 2003 was a big year for virologists. The first giant virus was discovered in this year, which shook the virology scene, revising what was thought to be an established understanding of this elusive group and expanding the virus world from simple, small agents to forms that are as complex as some bacteria. Bec...