Objective: This integrative review sought to identify and synthesise quantitative and qualitative evidence on barriers to pain management in adult intensive care units (ICUs). Background: Pain is experienced by 58% of adult ICU patients, which leads to consequences such as decreased healing and delirium. Managing pain effectively is an integral part of the critical care nurse's role. Methods: An integrative review was conducted based on Whittemore and Knafl's approach. Peer-reviewed research articles were sourced from five databases. Included articles were limited to those published ...