"Chance-Constrained Pre-Contingency Joint Self- Scheduling of Energy an" by Subir Majumder, Shrikrishna A. Khaparde et al.
With the increasing penetration of primarily inertia-less distributed energy resources, allowable delay in the fast frequency reserve provision to ensure marginal stability condition can become comparable with the requisite dead-time for fast-switching in a radial power distribution system (PDS) connected to the transmission system. Consequently, the prevailing short-duration load-generation imbalance might propagate as system-wide frequency excursion in the future power system, which traditionally has not been observed. Furthermore, during the fast-switching, some of the fast-acting reserve (...
Source: uow.edu.au