"Microstructural characterisation and hardness assessment of wire arc c" by Bintao Wu, Zhijun Qiu et al.
A new structure with nickel-based Hastelloy C276 alloy cladding on creep resistant steel P91 was developed in this study for nuclear applications. The microstructure, including precipitation and grain size, boundaries, orientation and hardness distribution of cladding structures with/without post heat treatment were explored using a range of microscopy techniques and hardness testing. The results show that the as-cladded structure exhibits highly hierarchical heterogeneity, which is mainly related to the remarkably coarse-grained microstructure in the heat-affected zone on the steel side, and ...