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In the era of Industry 4.0 and smart manufacturing, Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) stands at the forefront, driving a paradigm shift towards automated, digitalized production. However, online simulation remains a technical barrier toward building a Digital Twin (DT) for metallic AM due to the prolonged computing time of numerical simulations and limitations in accuracy of current data-driven models. This study addresses these issues by introducing an adaptive online simulation model for predicting distortion fields, utilizing a diffusion model architecture for distortion process modelling with a Vector Quantized Variational AutoEncoder coupled with Generative Adversarial Network (VQVAE-GAN) backbone for spatial feature extraction, complemented by a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) for time-scale result fusion. Pretrained offline with Finite Element Method (FEM) simulated distortion fields, the model successfully predicts distortion fields online using laser-scanned point clouds d ....

Generative Adversarial Network , Artificial Neural Networks , Recurrent Neural Network , Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing , Digital Twin , Vector Quantized Variational Autoencoder , Finite Element Method , Root Mean Square Error , Em Simulation , Etallic Am , Hysics Informed Ml ,