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Nanoporous thin films have emerged as promising gas separation and purification materials due to their high surface area-to-volume ratio and nanoscale pore structure.

Xylem tissue in gymnosperm sapwood can be used for water filtration (as seen on top). Xylem is comprised of conduits that are interconnected by membranes that filter out contaminants present in water (bottom). Credit: N.R. Fuller, Sayo Studio THE interiors of nonflowering trees such as pine and ginkgo contain sapwood lined with straw-like conduits known as xylem, which draw water up through a tree’s trunk and branches. Xylem conduits are interconnected via thin membranes that act as natural sieves, filtering out bubbles from water and sap. MIT engineers have been investigating sapwood’s n...