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Mechano-immunological response to SARS-CoV-2 When influenza A viruses and the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infect the human body, innate immune responses in the lung act as the first line of defense against these pathogens, however, little is known about how these responses are controlled locally within the physical microenvironment of the human breathing lung. Because it is difficult to tease out the regulatory cues in the local environment within a living organ in vivo, and the mechanical cues experienced are absent in conventional culture models, the latest technology of human organs-on-chips is used. In a recent study, researchers demonstrated a human organ-on-a-chip (Organ Chip) microfluidic model of the lung alveolus (Alveolus Chip) - that recapitulates the human alveolar-capillary interface with an air-liquid interface (ALI) and vascular fluid flow to understand the local triggers in the lung ....