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Calibration of rating grades to point-in-time and through-the-cycle levels of probability of default

The paper argues for the need for and importance of the dual calibration of a probability of default (PD) model (ie, calibration to both point-in-time and ....

Point In Time , Hrough The Cycle , Robability Of Default Pd , Model Calibration , Maximum Likelihood Estimation , Ating Migration , Original Research ,

"Blockchain-based secure deduplication and shared auditing in decentral" by Guohua Tian, Yunhan Hu et al.

Data deduplication and public auditing are significant for providing secure and efficient network storage services. However, the existing data deduplication schemes supporting auditing not only cannot effectively alleviate the threats of the single point of failure and duplicate-faking attack, but also have to bear the massive waste of computation and storage resources caused by metadata redundancy and repetitive audit tasks. In this paper, we propose a blockchain-based secure deduplication and shared auditing scheme in decentralized storage. Specifically, our scheme utilizes a novel deduplication protocol based on the double-server storage model to achieve efficient space-saving while protecting data users from losing data under a single point of failure and duplicate-faking attack. Besides, it sharply reduces the computation and storage costs of metadata by introducing a lightweight authenticator generation algorithm and update protocol. On this basis, our scheme further adopts a blo ....

Data Deduplication , Decentralized Storage , Maximum Likelihood Estimation , Hared Auditing , Task Analysis ,

Nonhomogeneous bivariate compound Poisson process with short-term periodicity

This paper presents new results on the nonhomogeneous bivariate compound Poisson process with a short-term periodic intensity function. ....

Levy Processes , Maximum Likelihood Estimation , Original Research ,

Frontiers | Estimating Benefits of Nature-based Solutions: Diverging Values From Choice Experiments With Time or Money Payments

Institute for Environmental Studies (IVM), Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Nature-based solutions (NBS) provide a promising means to a climate resilient future. To guide investments in NBS, stated preference studies have become a common tool to evaluate the benefits of NBS in developing countries. Due to subsistence lifestyles and generally lower incomes, SP studies in developing countries increasingly use time payments as an alternative to the traditionally implemented money payments. It remains unclear, however, how time values should be converted into money values, how the payment affects willingness to pay (WTP) estimates, and how this influence varies across settings with different levels of market integration. We compare the results of choice experiments that use either time or money payments and that are implemented in urban and rural Ghana. The choice experiments target to value different NBS aimed at erosion prevention and other ecosystem service benefits a ....

Ghana General , France General , United States , Field On , Great Lakes , San Miguel Island , City Of Tabaco , Uttar Pradesh , North Bank , New York , Bight Of Benin , Republic Of , Columbia University , Akosombo Dam , Senyo Adzah , La Meyer Geneva , Insyt Esoko , Spearman Rho , Van Wesenbeeck , Researchlime Barnabas Apom , Asia Pac , Tracy Commodore , Barnabas Amisigo , Van Oijstaeijen , Edem Mahu , Cornell Atkinson Center ,

Coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak in Beijing's Xinfadi Market, China: a modeling study to inform future resurgence response | Infectious Diseases of Poverty

Background
A local coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) case confirmed on June 11, 2020 triggered an outbreak in Beijing, China after 56 consecutive days without a newly confirmed case. Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) were used to contain the source in Xinfadi (XFD) market. To rapidly control the outbreak, both traditional and newly introduced NPIs including large-scale management of high-risk populations and expanded severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) PCR-based screening in the general population were conducted in Beijing. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of the response to the COVID-19 outbreak in Beijing’s XFD market and inform future response efforts of resurgence across regions.
Methods ....

Monte Carlo , Institutional Review Board , Human Research Ethics Committee , Beijing Center , Disease Prevention , Notifiable Infectious Disease Reporting System , Epidemiological Investigation Information System , Close Contacts Tracing , Management System , Maximum Likelihood Estimation , Markov Chain Monte Carlo , Adaptive Metropolis , மான்டே கார்லோ , நிறுவன விமர்சனம் பலகை , மனிதன் ஆராய்ச்சி நெறிமுறைகள் குழு , பெய்ஜிங் மையம் , நோய் ப்ரெவெந்ஶந் , மேலாண்மை அமைப்பு , மார்க்கோவ் சங்கிலி மான்டே கார்லோ ,