Aggregate vs Autonomous Reporting Options
When assessing Company profits, taxation occurs in a two-stage process: first, the Company pays Corporate Income Tax on its profits, then Shareholders pay Individual Income Tax on these distributed profits (now called dividends).
This assessment procedure is called “economic” double taxation. Almost all countries in the EU have adopted one of several methods to eliminate “economic” double taxation-some via the Company, some via the Individual. Regardless of the method, the end result should be the same: dividends reported by the Individual should be after the elimination of any “economic” double taxation.
Subsequently, on “in-bound” dividends (from other EU countries), “international” double taxation (two jurisdictions potentially taxing the same income source twice) is eliminated according to the rules of the respective Double Tax Convention (DTC).