Aspect of it and the sensitizing Police Officers and those within the judicial system to me i think we need more progressive policy interventions we know and in certain cases laws have been passed in other countries to to allow women to take time off work if they are busy leaving an abusive relationship so they dont have to be concerned about their job security mandisa pointed out earlier 70 random day. For a survivor of gender based violence visa v. What a prison or perpetrator gates. For a woman who may be economically dependent on her partner and has children even though they might be a desire to leave in a very intimate knowledge that i may die in this relationship the fear potentially also of whos going to look after my children. May keep a woman so to speak trapped in there in that situation last year i would say if we had a progressive policy agenda i would argue forests of edges. Program because we need to start changing the narrative about gender violence and fame aside it is not woman who must avoid being victims it is not women who need to avoid walking alone at night it is not women who needs to to watch how they they dress and what they way it is not women who constantly need to lock the doors at all time we need to start changing this narrative and say that this is a collective if it and not only the responsibility of women mandisa let me bring you in head the narrative needs to change thats what were hearing from our guest in Port Elizabeth but that needs to change a lot earlier than when they get into the criminal Justice System and hes to begin at home and hes begin with the Education System there needs to be a structural change against toxic masculinity attitudes developing in the 1st place how you get to tackle that thats a a structural change in society. Well firstly we did recommend we do have a curriculum called life orientation of life or intention as a subject in the curriculum from Primary School level all the way up to high school and conversations that should be happening even at Primary School level from a grade one perspective is understanding consent so age appropriate education explaining what consent is also once they get a little bit older understanding how the relationships what does a healthy relationship look like what does an unhealthy relationship look at and then also understanding early signs of violent behavior so this is what we could do from a prevention perspective but it could also generally help in terms of understanding the social ill from a childhood level because as you said once theyre already perpetrators i mean the job is already done to some extent and we cant really be fixing adults but we really do need to do a very strong comprehensive social Behavioral Change Program that starts as early as grade one with these kids at school level and it needs to also continue out to teenagers and then becomes obviously more age appropriate when they become adults i think its imperative that the understanding around what actually constitutes violence and what is violent behavior because people understand that if someone slaps you across the face thats violent but they dont necessarily understand economic violence they dont necessarily understand emotional violence so these are some of the conversations that we need to have as a nation and we need to popularize them again one of the demands of a 365 day campaign headed by the Covenant CommunicationsInformation System whereby you actually have a program similar to what we did when we had the hiv aids response that educates the entire country around the scourge of gender based violence awareness and also gives advice as to what to do when you find yourself in that situation a lot of survivors dont know where to go they dont know how to access particular services they dont know how to. Services they dont know what to do once they actually enter a Police Station when they report their case what is the next step how does it into the criminal Justice System with a perpetrator all of these things they need to be walked through these processes and they need to be assisted by a proper country instead of social Behavioral Change Program monday so do you have confidence in your leader to be able to deliver anything that youre told about cancer or all of us to do any of this i would not want to preach that he cannot cannot do it i have faith that he will try i do think that this is one of those things that needs all hands on deck it needs departments to actually start working together they reconcile us so right now thats right the g. B. Council is important is that there needs to be a coordinated efforts around it the president has announced his allocated resources its not up to his department to be pushed to actually do the implementation to in the school. Doing you specialize in democracy governance and Service Delivery do believe that the government has the tools at its at its disposal to be able to do this. You know its one thing having to. Be you know its one thing having making those Resources Available its a very different thing when it comes to Implementation Monitoring and evaluation and that is where political will comes into play so for example mondays us talking about gender based violence council. If established i can proceed that such a council would play a strong role in monitoring those policy impacts for example if you are going to increase the number of shelters and doesnt help that you increase the number of shelters and people dont know how to access them or people dont access them for various reasons theres got to be a solid evidence based policymaking approach to these interventions. And again part of that to me would be your political will and not just you know the quick and easy solution is always throwing money at the problem but not necessarily looking at what you are getting for your buck once you start dealing with the with the situation monitoring and evaluation for me will be key monitoring and evaluation let me bring you in here a lot of this is to do with men men need to change their behavior is there a crisis of masculinity among South African men thats leading to this what are the why is this happening it does seems like you know for women 3 women in our being killed is an extraordinary figure so just try and help us understand why this is happening why men are doing this from the perspective. Well its its simple men dont think women are human beings they think that were property and they think that they can own us its a simple thing with when you hear their conversation amongst themselves theyre like my girlfriend cheated on me therefore im justified to beat and kill her as though that persons body somehow belongs to you we need to really change that psyche and that and that understanding this is a very strong. Evidence that toxic meskin its he is not just harmful to women its also harmful to men themselves the stupid myth that men dont cry men should always be the ones providing for the household then you find them in a situation where we have such gross inequality in this country where theyre under pressure that they shouldnt be and and they take that out on women and children in the most harmful ways so they toxic masculinity definitely needs to be addressed and dealt with but we also need to deal with the Socio Economic issues that are behind that and that im in a festering themselves and as i said playing out in incredibly violent ways in pretoria this is a problem that has to be dealt with culture is a problem that has to be dealt with through education and legislation can it be dealt with practically by the criminal Justice System by the Education System i mean how do you do that how do you provide a practical solution that you know stops us. So there will help organization and inspire frederick is very useful and we have seen that many are the tablet initiatives that have been implemented here are on local level. Have been very successful so they are merely interventions in south africa and all that have truly been to such as articulate programs such as n. T. Blue programs and so the question now is how can we ask elites to more or larger areas how can we nation to empower the next should have the funding is because we know that these can be successful incident kenya just then and you know school curriculum. Intervention has proven to be highly successful in changing attitudes especially boys around how they perceive women to to to accept whats and to to break down the toxic next school and it is so theres a lot we can do and a lot is being done what we do need is now this implementation that were all talking about it is the plan that the president has saved needs to be implemented in the next 6 months that might be a little bit ambitious we really need to hit the baseline as they make sure that whatever we do is evidence driven and that the in the interventions are mission truckle and there are many thoughts to those that that that really do make a difference and that its past the wreckage we are busy with snapping as many of these interventionist possible in order to make sure that we understand what works where and. See you agreeing that however i was going to put this to you bluntly surely we just need to lock these people up the criminal Justice System needs to be stronger and ill be deterrent enough. Look the entire prison population of south africa is below 300000 people this would be 6000000 South Africans who of which its estimated over 8000000 of them have been raped so we just dont have enough jails to lock everybody up its a fact i think what we need to do is ensure that one re prevent violence from happening which is which should be the key priority and when it does happen we need to have adequate response mechanisms in place and a functional criminal justice to prosecute because a lot of these cases do actually get into Police Stations but never find themselves into courtrooms because prosecutors say well you dont have enough evidence and are not even going to prosecute so jailing everyone honestly isnt the answer its not a sustainable answer that we can afford and also i dont think having people locked up in prison with other perpetrators and further ill be honest i dont think the prison system at the moment actually rehabilitates people i actually think that they come out much us and they end up really offending so i dont see how putting them in the system would actually work i think we need to change mindsets and really need a strong understanding of consent to permeates throughout the minds of South Africans so then we ensure that this doesnt happen to more women we already live amongst rapists and murderers its effect we just need them not to reoffend and we need to ensure that when they do actually get prosecuted that they stay in jail you have people serving 6 months jail sentences locking them up is definitely not working. Thanks to all our guests a monday in johannesburg. In a press Horia Angeline stay in culture and Port Elizabeth you can watch the program again any time by visiting a website aljazeera dot called and for further discussion go to a Facebook Page thats facebook dot com forward slash a. J. Inside story and you can also join the conversation on twitter handle is at a. J. Inside story for me in wrong on the whole team here life and. Peace between ethiopia and eritrea has meant to part carry its future for the iraqi people. We have to create farmland for ourselves for iraq its a matter of survival. A movement trying shows us how the ira a company with life on the edge of the boot of. My ethiopia on aljazeera. The. Well i think one of our biggest strengths is that we talk to normal everyday people we get them to tell their stories and doing that really reveals the truth people are still gathered outside these gates waiting for any information most of them dont know whether their loved ones are alive or dead or miami really is a place where 2 worlds meet we can get to washington d. C. In 2 hours we can get to on jurists in the rest of Central America at about the same time but more importantly is where those 2 cultures north and south america meet with to tea to play its a very important place for aljazeera to be. Aljazeera will meet 2 arab women with roots in the middle east both build successful lives of rule over the last 5 years ive achieved a great deal of partnership with the countrys leading from the never forgot where they came from. To try to put forward a different face the stereotypical image of muslim women arabs aboard the businesswoman of the council on aljazeera. World leaders from un Member States a pairing to take their seats for this years General Assembly rouhani and President Trump will attend. Growing tensions between the u. S. And iran he used will multilateral efforts provide solutions to a global refugee crisis escalates in wars and Climate Change before its too late so join us for extensive coverage of the un General Assembly on aljazeera were we were there. During a time. Out. There. Now. Im sammys a band in doha with a look at the headlines here now does it and now the largest Climate Change protest in history is underway demonstrates is for more than 150. 00 countries are joining a youth led strike calling for an end to fossil fuels that begins a week long Worldwide Campaign demanding greater action from political leaders. Has been following protests in nairobi. These protests are not just taking place here in nairobi its across africa in johannesburg and cape town and go into your sea in senegal and then lo may why because out of the 10 countries there will be most affected by Climate Change 7 of them are all the african continent and its already started with the hurricane sweeping through mozambique flash floods in south africa you see here leone and droughts are dividing people in the sahara here in 200 are at risk of going extinct every day because of this and so many young people here are growing impatient with their leaders. And if you take anything. And it has been a. Good tasters have just taken over the streets of one of the major capitals about forgot to head it towards the ministry of energy because the government has put in place policies that then is going ahead with their world with a plan to build. A World Heritage site right here in kenya and these protesters are angry about this Climate Changes but some of these at least are. Deceiving because you know its a political issue so this is a listening. To all. The National Assembly president. Gaining momentum no longer be ignored. The u. S. Justice department is being accused of playing a major role in reportedly withholding a whistle blowers complaint against the us president according to u. S. Media the complaint related to a phone call between trump and a foreign leader fear of carter is in london hes been meeting with britains Prime Minister baraks johnson shake to mean been hammered out of me and johnson have been discussing strengthening their relationship. With. Your personal relationship with years ago and you visit as i do your. Relationship. With us we thank. You and also. Says it is removed more than 4 and a half 1000 political spam accounts being used to target carter in a coordinated campaign they were operating out of the United Arab Emirates and egypt used fake personas to push content critical of car so while promoting saudi arabias government to it is also suspended the account of former saudi role called advisor saudi danny hes been implicated in the murder of Washington Post journalist. Yemens rebels have accused the saudi a morality Led Coalition of a dangerous escalation thats after it launched an attack in the countrys main port a day there against what it describes as the military targets the Coalition Says it destroyed 4 sites used to assemble Remote Control boats and see mines. Footage of extensive damage is being released at one of 2 Saudi ArabianOil Facilities attacked last week this video shows parts of horus processing site charge from saturdays strike the 2 attacks on state and saudi aramco facilities knocked out half the kingdoms oil output yemens who the rebels say they were behind the drone strikes but the u. S. And saudi are blaming iran. Headlines the news continues after a man made invisible threat stay with us here on aljazeera. Its bad enough to catch a disease naturally but to take a disease and turn it into a weapon to enhance the disease to make it more virulent or more contagious or resistant to known vaccines thats particularly again just kind of goes off the charts there its turning Mother Nature against us. Weapons that destroyed by spreading deadly diseases have a long in unhappy history billions of dollars have been spent by governments to create pathogens that can cause fatal illnesses even today some countries are stockpiling just such a deadly arsenal in a widely reported News Conference syria has admitted as much. Or perhaps more dangerous than the age of rapidly advanced technology its quite possible for individuals or groups to create biological mayhem. 12 countries that are battling an outbreak of a nasty strain of e. Coli live theater strains of all the consequences of this would be longer just not a libya harm see image i know alison intrigues you on you tube in front of the clearly not Mission Critical 16 people have already died identify the source of this because like contamination has become ever more urgent some have even suggested that the super super resistant strain recall i could have been engineered in a lab. The World Health Organization calls the deliberate contamination of our food one of the major biological threats of the 21st century. In the modern globalized economy where food gets transported all over the world there are a lot of opportunities for somebody to contaminate food with with biological agents. And i dont want to go into much detail but there was a an article that was published in the proceedings of the National Academy of sciences about. Some touching Dairy Products milk using a bunch of talks and you can cause horrible damage with death many thousands of coffee. Cold jackson is a Senior Scientist at one of the United States most important biological laboratories. That is kind of frightening when you think of loss of 2 different passes will somebody get so like there are a Large Population or a small part of the population what goes with food there are cases in the are not so this will pass for people about that. Oregon authorities announced that the most serious biological attack in u. S. History was carried out not by Foreign Terrorists but by the followers of a homegrown religious cult. Salad bars and 10 oclock restaurants were deliberately contaminated with salmonella. 751 people were poisoned and 45 hospitalized at disciples of korea right knew she sought to incapacitate voters and see their own candidates win the 1984 wasco county election. The sun the incident occurred in the United States the biological attacks could happen anywhere in the world and so father has not been a coordinated global plan about how to deal with this. 6 the word terrorism evokes images of airplanes smashing into Office Towers of bombs blowing up in markets these remain real threats so do attacks by chemicals mustard gas defoliants on nerve agents. But there is something even more insidious biological weapons see. Thats the whole point of terrorism is this to put enormous psychological pressure on the audience to try to reach if were talking about biological agents i mean unseen in many cases that you can smell them for that very reason those kinds of weapons have a much more powerful psychological impact on target audiences. Even going 5 people with a bio as you would would be more scary than killing 200. 00 people with a conventional explosive device there been no confirmed. This is a bad press in britain but its been a day of false alarms the sorting office in liverpool was closed down and workers were forced to leave the Stock Exchange in london for a short time today Police Say People should stay calm but vigilant the latest victims in florida the scene of the 1st outbreak of anthrax 5 new cases reported by the American Media company overnight on the basis of blood tests carried out on every employee the fact that this seems to be spreading 10 days after the 1st victim died confirmation of americas worst fears never mind the source then the point is the kind of on capitol hill today you could hear loud and clear threats from biological and chemical agents are real. Following the 911. 00 attack and the 2001 anthrax murders the United States government poured billions of dollars into Homeland Security experts from around the world where tractor to well funded Scientific Lab oratory is and think tanks high on the list of threats to be investigated was the use of deadly pathogens as weapons a long and ugly stain on the history of mankind oh my gosh warfare 1st reared its head when man started fighting man you know whether it was putting scorpions in a clay pot and tossing him at your enemy or taking bodies people who had died from the plague and tossing them over city walls and the devil times poisoning Water Supplies these are all ancient techniques in biological warfare but it was only during the major wars of the last century where science started just to conduct this time. The real danger of the real threat was the beginning of the 20th century youre moving into bombs airplanes and the brilliance of microbiology