Thank you, bill, for coming. For about 20 years, you have been the wealthiest man in the world. Because you have given away so much money recently, jeff bezoss became wealthier. Do think if you had stayed in college [laughter] you dont feel an adequate, inadequate, right . Bill i havent given the money away fast enough to drop out of the top 10. And the market has been strong. Host microsoft is up 35 this year. To what do you attribute that . Bill the company is doing well. We have a great ceo. The importance of software has really come true. The five most valuable companies are Technology Companies. I get to spend 1 6 of my time at microsoft. Host you said the biggest mistake you made professionally was that microsoft should have the android technology. Bill we were in the field of doing operating systems for personal computers. Mobile phones were very popular. We were doing windows mobile. We missed being the dominant mobile operator by a tiny amount. We didnt assign the best people to do the work. This is the biggest mistake i made in terms of something that was clearly within our skill set. We were clearly the company that should have achieved that. We didnt. We allowed the motorola design to go to android. So it became the dominant noncapital nonapple system. Host today, youre the only company over a trillion dollars. How much better could you have been . [laughter] bill market cap is only an indirect thing. In an imperfect way it will reflect what the company is doing. Microsoft would be more valuable if we had one the mobile operating system competition. Android is a huge asset for google. Host i had a chance to interview melinda, the cochair of the foundation. She described how you met. You approached her in a parking lot. You asked her for a date. You said, in three weeks, we could have a date. She said, not spontaneous enough. She gave you her number and you called her right away and said, dinner tonight, is that spontaneous enough . Bill that is close to the truth. I had a dinner that night that cut done at about 10 00. I called her up and said lets meet after 10 00. Which apparently, that was spontaneous enough. Host lets talk about what you most want to focus on today, which is Breakthrough Energy and what you are doing in Climate Change. You have set up a foundation. We will talk about it later. Your two main areas of focus are and recently you have decided to make another effort, through Breakthrough Energy, to do something about Climate Change. Why are you so worried about it . Bill Climate Change gets worse every year. What you have to do on a global basis is dramatic in reshaping the entire physical economy that we have. The greatest is suffering from Climate Change would be farmers in poor countries. Drought and heat will cause problems we already have, malnutrition. And deprivation to get substantially worse. It is a complex problem. Its a problem where i see my lu added. My value added. I see myself as looking at something through the lens of innovation, the creation and deployment of products, helping to educate people about, what are the sources of these Greenhouse Gases . How do you get on a path of innovation, so that you can get Global Adoption and bring emissions down dramatically. That is a priority, along with the other two. Host are you doing this as a part of your foundation . Bill the part where you help the poor countries with c and policies through Development Aid is part of the foundation, the development part. The part where you invent new making fuel is done directly by me, with a lot of investments, including the funds that you mentioned, the Breakthrough Energy ventures, which is a fund i assembled a group of 22 people to put money into companies that are trying to commercialize the breakthroughs. Host that is a fund of 1 billion. You put in 250 million. Can 1 billion make that much of a difference . Bill 1 billion . We so far have 20 investments. Next year we will raise about 1 billion. It is all about innovation, broadly defined. We need to make these dramatic changes. If you the premium said, we have to make steel with no emissions, it would cost you four times what it does today. Your electric bill would more than double if we just take the technology we have today. Supporting those companies and drawing other investors in green energy didnt go very well in the first round. It looked like a field that might evaporate. Weve gotten other investors. That has gone quite well. We are committed to reducing Greenhouse Gas emissions by half a percent. Host i am the smallest investor in that fund. Am i going to get my money back . [laughter] bill of the things you invest in, it is probably one of the higher risk things. It is being done on a commercial basis. It is not philanthropic in the sense you can deduct it, but the timeframe of the return is fairly high. We expect to make a profit. Host why do you think some people dont believe there is such a thing as Climate Change . What is propelling them to say there is no Climate Change . It is Scientific Evidence or some other reason . I wont mention anyone, but some people dont think there is Climate Change. Bill they must not have taken enough science courses. I dont know. [applause] the claimant is a complex issue. Just understanding how you do it requires a lot of indepth study. In the United States, it has become somewhat of a part of the issue. Which is unfortunate. It might make it harder to achieve this type of agreement that we need. Here in the United States. We have two problems. We have the people who denied climate. We have the people who think it is easy to solve. We need to educate both those groups. Host on Climate Change, it used to be called global warming. Why was it changed . Bill the problems caused by the Greenhouse Gases is worse than just the average temperature going up. It causes there to be extreme precipitation. More floods and more droughts. People thought just got warming too easy to think two degrees centigrade, big deal i will turn up my air , conditioner. The idea that sea level rise. It is heat waves. Climate change probably is a better term to capture the threat of problems. Host in history, is there any evidence that would affect their great grandchildren but they will not see the benefit from . If you try to eliminate carbon in the atmosphere you cannot do it in your lifetime, because the carbon is trapped there. Maybe if we change our policies 100 just now, there may be a reduction. Very rarely do people want to help the great unborn grandchildren. How will you motivate people to do something. Bill the United States has been willing to take on very difficult problems like cancer and make gigantic investments. Knowing that the real payoff would be many decades down the road. When that was first being pushed, people were saying that was important. Climate change is like that. You have got to take a longterm perspective. Government at its best is what it is taking that longterm perspective. Funding the basic r d and the policies that lead to deployment. Host today if we do nothing, will the oceans rise up . If you have oceanfront land is it going to be under water in 20 or 30 years . Bill the uncertainties in these models are still very high. For example, by 2100, the question of if we have one meter or two meters. That is within the level of uncertainty. Those numbers, as it has been studied more and more have gone up. Before they only took the most conservative view which was one half meter. Now, the understanding is that is at least a meter. Significant possibilities that is two meters. Host a large part of the carbon is caused by the electricity grid. Which is about 25 or so. 24 comes from agriculture. Why is that causing such a big part of the problem . Bill the math category is a variety of things. You are taking the carbon stored. You are releasing all of that. Burning command in indonesia for palm oil plantations. Another thing, the grass eating species have a digestion system that emits methane. Methane is a very powerful Greenhouse Gas. Cows alone account for about six account for about 6 of global emissions. We need to change. Cows alone. Of all the host cows . [laughter] bill of all the categories, the one that has gone better than i would have expected is this work to make artificial meat. You have people like impossible. Meat, both of which i invested in. Host do you eat it as well . Bill absolutely. You go to burger king and by the impossible burger. Host is it healthier for you . Bill in a slightly healthier for you. In terms of less cholesterol. It is a dramatic reduction in methane emissions. Animal cruelty. Manure management. And, the pressure that Meat Consumption puts on land use. The main reason we need to increase the agricultural output of the rest of this entry is not the population increase. It is that as countries get richer, they eat more meat. Meet is a very inefficient way of creating calories. It is super helpful. Host with respect to solar, is it a solution for our problems . Bill it is part of a solution. If the sun which i 24 hours a day host it does. Bill somewhere. That 25 , you would have a solution. Wind and solar are useful. The price the comedown of that. People may think it is a total solution to the electric sector. Unfortunately, it has to be reliable. It has to work during the 10 day that tokyo, where you might have no solar or no wind for 10 days. So, the need to have baseload generations. Like nuclear or others or to have a miracle in storage 20 can say that energy is very hard. The final solution to Climate Change, when we really get to zero, a lot of things that use torocarbons will shift over use electricity. One of the necessary elements is to get electricity to zero. The electric sector will have to more than double in size. Transportation and buildings and industrial applications that have used hydrocarbons directly will shift over to electricity. Have beentric grids in the news lately. With respect to what we may have done in russia. Are you worried that the United States could be subject to being locked up by some type of cyber terrorism . Bill that is even true today. There are things like the internet and the electric good that modern society is very dependent on. As we grow the electric sector, will have to take that very seriously. The u. S. Is not built to substantial new transmission. Even some very obvious projects for highvoltage lines. Take power out of oklahoma into tennessee, even that did not get built. There is a real policy problem with transmission. It is a necessary piece of the eventual zero emission electricity solution. Host you have an investor in new types of technology. Is that the solution, better Nuclear Plants . Bill it is the many locations an important part of the solution. To have energy that is available on demand. Todays Nuclear Plants, the safety characteristics. They just do not make them competitive. The 2 being built, that would be a very expensive thirdgeneration is way too expensive. The question is, can we create a new generation of advanced nuclear whose economics are twice as good. Safety is much better. The answer is yes we can. We do not have a new generation. A much better understanding of how to do that. It is a question. Whether the United States will step up for the pilot plan for is aourth generation question. Host what about fusion . Bill fusion is very exciting. It is very difficult to do. There is about seven companies that are messing around with fusion. Breakthrough energy has put money into the mit related one. That technologically is very , very difficult. No one has gone to the energy breakeven where you have to create 10 million degrees of temperature in order for the reaction to take place. So, to do that economically and get the output is a huge scientific challenge. It definitely should be funded. Does not require intervention. Requires a lot. Host what about electric cars . Bill it absolutely if you look at the transform sector, passenger cars with about two or three in better improvement which is possible, the mainstream capacitor cars can become electric. You have to make that transition. You have to make sure electricity is zero mission. Trucks and planes, there is almost no chance the batteries will be good enough, so there you will still need to create liquid fuel. Either with electricity or biofuels. Fuels are amazing. The Energy Density of gasoline is 30 times the Energy Density of the best better we can make. The best data rate we can make. If you look at a container ship, crosses the ocean, having your fuel be 30 times less efficient would demean that 90 of the weight youre caring would be the batteries instead of the cargo. So, trucks and planes and boats electrification is unlikely to work in those cases. When need ways of making fuels that are zero carbon. Host when you talk about this, they said we were happy to meet you . Did they really do anything . What are you trying to get heads of state to do . Climate the paris conference one of the things , that was missing was the focus on rnd. France said we want that to be for the first time. A real issue that gets discussed. It was called mission innovation. That idea the commitment of over , 30 governments to double the r d was a significant milestone that came out of that conference. In order to get that commitment, i had to make a commitment there will be Breakthrough Energy. It would take things out of those labs and it would help get them into the marketplace. There has been some progress. Climate it is complicated enough. The want a broad set of people to understand the complexities. In terms of the work that needs to be done, it is unlikely to happen. So much of the worlds capacity to do that innovation is here in the United States. Host so the United States pulled out of the paris accord, though not for another year or so. Do you think this is going to hurt the effort. Bill it is a huge step backwards. Even if you meet all the current commitments in that climate accord, you are still went over to degrees in that warming. Most countries are behind the commitments they made. Those were a set of reductions. You would compare your omissions 2030 to 2005 emissions. There is a little bit of that that is easy. The shift from two natural gas, which is a onetime thing. It is a lot of that. Yet, the world is falling short. So to have people like the , United States say that it is even unimportant. It shows you how daunting this is going to be. There is no way will get there without the u. S. Coming back in in a strong way. Host do you think if you met with president trump, you could convince him to get back in or set beyond your capabilities . Bill someone else should do that. [laughter] host all right. Let me go back for a moment. You famously dropped out of harvard. You then started your company. I think you said that she thought the computer revolution was occurring. You actually were wrong. If you had stayed at harvard for another two years or so it wouldnt have made a big difference part is that right . Bill the urgency that i felt that if we didnt get microsoft going right away that somebody would do a great job dont think the Software Company and we wouldnt have a chance, it probably ended up not been true. I could have waited two or three years. Anyway, i felt a sense of urgency. Its not like i still get to take courses and learn things. Things like the learning company. There are all sorts of great books. It is not like i missed some of my education. Host when you dropped out your , father and mother said are you sure you know what you want to what would you say . Bill i would have to say yes. The dropping out is not a your revocable decision. If you try to start a company that doesnt go well, they always let you go back. If you do not have kids that you need to support, it is a very low risk thing. Particularly in the culture of the United States. Trying to start something and failing is not a black mark for the rest of your life. Host when you are starting microsoft there was a lot of other software companies. You are not number 1 at the beginning. What was it that enabled you to beat everyone else in the Software Business . Was it bill gates or someone else . What was the unique fact that made you the most successful. Bill we were actually the first. There were companies. They were all single product companies. They got ahead of us in terms of sales. About 1991, we did become the largest. We were and engineering company. We were about how you hire smart people and how you use tools to develop properly. We were global and we were not about a single product. For example, word perfect with word processor. They did so well with the product. Rose sales rivaled ours. As soon as graphic interface caught on, which was windows, we became far larger than the other Software Company. Subsequently, google and apple. Amazon had become also extremely successful. But in the 90s, we were the the strongest by far. Host the Largest Companies in the United StatesTechnology Companies. Apple, facebook, google, microsoft and so forth. You worry there is too much power and too much data in the hands of these Technology Companies and are you surprised the government has not done more about this . Bill technology has become so central that government has to think. What is that mean about elections. What does it mean about bowling. About bullying . Was a man about wiretapping authorities that led to find out what is going on financially. Drug or moneylaundering. Yes, the government needs to get involved. For the early years of microsoft, i bracket that i did office inn washington, d. C. And eventually i came to regret that statement. It was kind of almost like taunting washington, d. C. And now, the Technology Companies because of the left of the lesson of microsoft they could have seen that lesson through at t or ibm or a lot of innovators as well. They are very engaged. The will be more regulation of the tech sector. Things like privacy. Im sure there and there should be some sort of regulations that relate to that. The fact that this is the way people consume media has brought it into a realm that we need to shape it so the benefits outweigh the negative. That whens said facebook was coming along you tried to buy it. Do you regret not paying a higher price . No. we bought a small part of facebook. That was a super successful investment. What mark did was not within our ambit. Unlike mobile operating systems, because of our engineering culture, we were destined to be the leader in that. Now, through an acquisition we have linkedin which come up for professional networking is in a strong position and has lots of growth opportunity. Host there is a Company Started in seattle. A Company Called amazon. They were supposed to be selling books. The started Web Services Cloud business. How did microsoft miss that business . You are now number two in it. Were you surprised that you were kind of beaten to that game by company that was not really a Software Company . Bill the natural companies to do the cloud would have been the classic enterprise vendors. , who really inp terms of the true horizontal cloud are not there at all. It is a surprise. It is a huge credit. Two jeff bezos and his team that they got out in front. They did the best product. Today, microsoft is a strong number 2. A huge distance to number 3. It is a source of strength for microsoft. There are Many Companies including microsoft who shouldnt feel bad that the did not get ahead of amazon in doing that work. Bill if you were 28 years old today and you want to start a new company today. What area would you want to in . Bill this is a great time to be doing innovation. There are lots of things in biology that are very interesting. There are lots of things in energy that are interesting. Given my background, i would start an ai Company Whose goal would be to teach computers how to read so they can absorb and understand all of the written knowledge of the world. That is an area where they have yet to make progress. It will be quite profound when we achieve that goal. Host are you worried about the power to disrupt our civilization . Bill the increased productivity that will come will create dilemmas about what should people do with that extra time . You have to consider that a good thing. Even though it will be interesting set of adjustments that have to take place. Host most people over the last 200 years or so, whoever the wealthiest person didnt work that hard been a that to be 60 or so. They took life easy. You sent to be working pretty hard. What motivates q2 work so hard . Bill so i love my work. I get to meet scientist. I get to go out in the field. I do think your habits are sort of set in your 20s or 30s. I do not believe in weekends back then. Not to mention vacations. I am very lazy compared to myself in my 20s paired i was a true fanatic. All i believed in was working on software. Night and day. For that my 20s i was perfect. I do not have a wife or family at all. And my role was a very handson role. I am very lucky that my Foundation Work, the parttime work i do, i see that extending for decades into the future. Having an understanding of innovation, i think shaping innovation in many of these areas there is a unique role , that i can help play. Host being bill gates and being the famous of the last quarter century or so. Can you go to a restaurant and people not bother you . Bill people are pretty nice about that. Especially if im with my family. Host if you are driving a car do people stare at you . ,bill sure. But that is ok. Host your sport now is tennis. You play with some of the best players . Roger federer and others. Do you get a lot of points off those players . Bill not if they are playing. Not a chance. Host you have given up golf. Bill largely given it appeared i still play a little bit. Host are you still a big bridge player . Bill i love playing bridge. Is a game that the players are aging quite a bit. It has not caught on. Host is that good or bad . Bill it is unfortunate. Since it is a great game. Host when you want to go buy something, can you go to a and purchaseore anything . Bill for a while, i didnt do it that much. It is something one of my daughters enjoys doing. Helping pick clothes for me. We go out and go shopping together. She has good taste. Is a neat activity. Host one time, your wife told me that when you dropped her daughter off at college, she is graduated now. The roommate did not know that she was going to be the roommate. You needed things to fix up their room and you went to lowes to purchase things. Was it unusual for you to going to lowes . Did people stare at you . Bill it was kind of hard to assemble some of the stuff. I wanted augmented reality to help show me how to put the pieces together properly. But people are very nice. Overall super nice. Host when you are relaxing today is it on a trip with your , family . What is the best way that you relax . Get traveling, and then i to do quite a bit of reading. Host you read how many books a year . Bill 50. Host you comment on those books . Bill probably 15 per year under serious reviews of. I mentioned at lunch i am reading a great history of the United States. But there are so many fantastic books. Host i have one coming out, would you review that . Bill i will. Host i ask people all the time, you have 100 billion or whatever it might be, then you say i give you 100 billion and buy a yacht or a house and then you have 99. 5 billion left. What do you do with that . You do have that problem, and you assessed that the urgent issues were health care. How did you pick those . Any regrets as you make progress on either . Global health is our biggest area, and the progress has been unbelievable, not just because of our work but our partners, that include u. S. Government donorsg, the european who have stepped up on these issues, one of the metrics of importance is the number of children in the world who die before the age of five. When we got started in the year 2000, that was over 10 million per year. Now its about 5 million per year. Blowing andind those deaths because of getting out vaccines and understanding more about nutrition, those have been cut in half. Now the goal is to cut them in half again by 2030. We do have a pipeline of new vaccines and new tools, particularly in nutrition. Because of the partnerships we have had, it has been more successful than we expected. Its. S. Education work, not just k12, it includes higher ed as well, they are the key metrics. Math and verbal, those metrics have moved essentially not at all. Is spendingu. S. More resources on it, we spend far more than any country in the world, and yet our results are quite a bit worse than almost all the other rich countries and even some middle income countries, even vietnam is passing us in terms of their math results. Whole and our work has not had the impact we hope for. Part of what you try to do is common core, and that was very controversial but now it has largely been adopted. Yeah. In the United States, there were some very strange things our math textbooks were twice the size of the other countries three times the size of singapore, which has the best math education in the world. That has come about because of this process where the textbook Companies Want adoption of new textbooks they just got thicker and thicker. To teach tood tend much in a year instead of really cementing basic knowledge. Wasidea of the common core to say what should be learned in various grades. Make sure that by High School Graduation you have reasonable math skills, and it became more rigorous. The best standards in the u. S. Were in massachusetts, and it meant that all the online material and kids who moved between Different School systems would have this alignment. The worlds most logical thing, as though attacked math is different between states. But it has largely succeeded, almost as a subtle thing. Warren buffett can you describe your relationship with him . Hes a little bit older than you and you have developed this close relationship and ultimately he gave you a large part of his fortune. How did that come about and were you surprised he did that . Yeah. He is 25 years older than i am. Hes an absolutely amazing person. I was lucky enough to meet him in 1991. Reluctantly. I didnt think i wanted to meet him because i dont think of the buying and selling of fox as a valueadded part of society. Hyman private equity. [laughter] involved in the innovation part. But when i met him the fact that he had this idea of how the world works why cant i put you out of business . Its a very smart business. At the time ibm was 10,000 times our size. We would go on in terms of Software Innovation and value as whompany to surpass ibm, was the dominant Computer Company when i was growing up. Their mistake was when you developed a software they should have bought it from you as opposed to license it. That would have helped them. [laughter] it wouldnt have really changed. What has happened in computing required really thinking about the microprocessor and software in a different way than they did with the mainframe. Thing, thisvative bland way of looking at personal computing, the technology that came out of that now dominates everything, corporate computing, cloud computing. You developed a relationship with him and he became a bridge player with you. Ie day he calls you and says have an extra 100 billion i dont know what to do with what did you say . Unbelievable that he chose he created foundations that he is giving substantial money to, a High Percentage of that went to our foundation, it basically doubled our ambition. Going after malaria eradication, we added an agricultural thing, we added sanitation, because of the incredible resources. We asked him and he said no. Lauren is an unbelievable person, i have learned immense amounts from warren. People come to you all the time for money, i assume, everywhere you go, people who say by the way i have this thing you should invest in. Do you havest a person who says no for you . How do you do that . Once you pick what you care about if somebody has something that can make a difference we are super interested. We have a staff of 1500 people and if it is to do with Global Health some of those people will talk through whatever your innovation is and how we can partner with you on that. Itt is clearly in our area, is something that can substantially improve k12 education, we will be interested. But people are asking outside of those things you can say no because focus is key. People have recognized that raising children is difficult. Jackie kennedy famously said if you mess up raising your children, nothing else matters. Theyave three children, have been kept out of newspapers. Hasntyou do that and been more of a challenge raising healthy kids with the wealthy background . How do you avoid spoiling kids like that . Thats a huge problem. Obviously our kids have benefited from having a great education and our opportunity to travel, so they are lucky in that sense. Making sure the disability of the way people treat them is not unnatural. So far they have handled it well. Deservess the one who almost all of the credit for the kids so far. They are doing very well. Theave sent our kids that money is going to the foundation, so they dont think of themselves as aristocratic. They say cant you give me a little bit . They dont ask for anything . A little bit. [laughter] are they going to be involved in the foundation . No. The foundation, you have a finite length, i think 20 years . After the last of us go. Why not have a perpetual foundation . Warren has influenced my thinking on this quite a bit. At foundation is aimed eliminating the diseases that proportionately affect the poor. No matter where you are born, your chance of survival and living a long, healthy life are equal throughout the world. , it should be achievable assume melinda will live another yearsrs, that gives us 60 to solve those problems. Thats doable. We should take all our money and put it against u. S. Education and Global Health. And there will be problems in the future that at least from my grave i wont understand very well, and there will be rich people in the future or rich people in the future than there they should use their intelligence and understanding to grapple those problems. Having a pile of my money left over to go after those it doesnt make any sense. How much money has your Foundation Given away today . About 40 billion. 40 billion . We are working at 6 billion per year. Thats pretty good. [laughter] until the year 2000, i had not done significant philanthropy as a percentage of my wealth. I gave a few hundred billion dollars. In the year 2000 i took 20 billion into the foundation and that is when we got serious. Time on thet Foundation Work from 2000 to 2008, when i retired from microsoft. Then i flipped so i was fulltime at the foundation and part time at microsoft. That has worked out well for me. Some of these issues, for the hiv vaccine, i wish we had started sooner, but the timing has worked out well. Do you have any regrets . You have a happy family, great marriage, the foundation in business success. Can you make us feel good by saying you did something that didnt work out . All of us feel bad that we look at you and can do what youve done. Tell us something bad that youve done and you feel inadequate about. I am super lucky. Melinda, the experience at microsoft, it all had its ups and downs, the work of the foundation no regrets . I wouldnt try to change anything. The antitrust lawsuit against microsoft was bad for the company, it created a lot of diffraction, we wouldve done a lot of things better if it hadnt been for that. But in the way it was a lesson and it probably accelerated my retirement by five or six years, which for me was probably a good thing. It was ahink principled set of activities but thats another story. The greatest pleasure of your life today is when you are doing what . Other than being interviewed by me. What is the greatest pleasure of your life . Withme with kids, time scientists, time when im reading and things are making sense. And seeing the impact of the foundations work. Meeting with scientists, thinking we can make breakthroughs to help solve climate. These are super interesting problems. Having things applied to these problems is going to be necessary to orchestrate the resources and policies behind them. I love my work. Your children are not married. Not yet. When they are, do you look . Forward to having grandchildren absolutely. Are you going to teach them software . [laughter] i dont think of microsoft as a dynastic organization. So finally, if people are watching and they say, i want to do something about Climate Change, but im just one person and i dont have the resources of bill gates. What can any average person do to have some impact on Climate Change in your view . Certainly they as the likemer can take things or howew Meat Products they buy electricity, and they of help drive up the scale the green solutions. The most important thing at this stage is their political voice. Theres going to begin need to put substantial resources into need afort, and we will bipartisan solution. To send the right signal to the market, if you just win one year and then it gets repealed, that doesnt help at all. People see the policies over the next 30 years on a consistent basis, and that means it is a much higher bar than just a onetime victory. We wont have time to go through everything but if you could convey one message about philanthropy, what you would like the average person to do, what would you ask the average person to do . Pick abest thing is to couple causes you believe in deeply and find organizations you can get involved in. The social services in local communities, Charter Schools and local communities, theres a host of highimpact, important local things. The dollars you give to global needs actually will have substantially more impact per because you can save a life for 1000, if you fund measles vaccinations or polio eradication. Those things are pretty mind blowing, in terms of the difference they can make. Onlanthropy is not based comparing every single cause and picking the most impactful. It has to be something that connects with you personally. Even in the climate area, whether it is advocacy, high is a lotsting, there that people can do that will increase our chance of success. I want to thank you for taking time. We have gifts for you. One is this. We know you are a puzzle fan, so we have a puzzle made up of washington, d. C. [applause] thanks. [applause] announcer on newsmakers, stephanie sri lanka discusses the organizations strategy and priorities heading into the 2020 elections and the possibility of support for republican women candidates. In 2017, the gop created winning for women. Women toping to elect state and national seats. Do you expect that to be a factor in 2020 . What i would say is this. Everybody wants to be emilys list right away. It has taken us 35 years. I have that conversation with organizations who want to be the emilys list of millennials, the emilys list of we need all of that work, and we need an emilys list of republican women. I completely agree with that. But it takes some time to build. Candidates tof move in support. And we willhopeful run against some of those women and thats ok. But the Republican Party has to change its mindset about its support of women within the party. Theres a reason that we have so many more democratic women, because emilys list has been pushing up that mountain. The Democratic Party leaders often are looking for women candidates, and i give leader schumer and Speaker Pelosi huge credit for that. That was not the case 20 years ago in the Democratic Party. That has taken a lot of work, and prove those women can win. We, this country, and republican women, need to do the same thing. I hope this is the beginning of a change, because we are never going to get the 50 women in congress if the republicans dont start carrying their weight, and i really do believe and i say this not as a democrat, but as an American Woman who cares deeply about policies for families in this country we will have a better government when the decisionmaking tables are at least 5050, and right now we are not even close. Announcer on newsmakers, emilys list president discusses the organizations strategies and priorities heading into the 2020 elections, sunday at 10 00 a. M. And 6 00 p. M. Eastern on cspan