Think the chinese is struggling to take out some sort of very adequate understanding of the western but i dont think china sees any window of opportunity to [ inaudible ] and china should take advantage of this and move in. I think its totally misperception. There is a point i would like to respond to the presentation is mutually assured destruction that would be a new cornerstone principle. China never do that. Feel very satisfied [ inaudible ] china is oversensitive to u. S. Initiated asian Missile Defense system. It will collapse because maintain such a big arsenal is so expensive and so costly so i think china will continue to follow up with a limited nuclear deterrent, just dont try to make it small and more efficient. I dont think the issues coming back and laying out some sort of new security line between the both sides. Another point made very, very intensely is how to maintain the question is we also see some sort of equation about states power and the revisionist of power. To me i think status quo is some sort of evolution then the key criteria on whether or not the status quo change will hurt or undermine the Regional Security is not how it is. That is how the evolution of change could just build up in a time of the joint efforts and corroboration. For example, in the eyes of chinese u. S. Initiative tpp is some sort of status quo change to regional integration. My view is that dont just very statically and rigorously see the chinas behavior as status quo change. Let me come down to my conclusion. [ inaudible ] by extreme critical force. I think its a very illuminating point. My view is that china remain far behind the u. S. Power transition very powerfully demonstrate very, very rich. Probably the perception feeling now pouring out see china now is a very, very strong competitor. For our chinese view we continue to see china is just the imposition to cooperate while competing for some sort of cointerest. Cointerest is sovereignty, political safety, chinas unfinished evolution. From this point i would also like to see bilateral relations should be based on very virtuous action and reactions. China shouldnt just [ inaudible ] then the question for u. S. Is washington also shouldnt overreact to a rising china. Let me stop here. Thank you. Thank you very much. Let me focus on the challenges to the International Security order in northeast asia and the u. S. china relations. My task here is to make my colleagues on the podium speak more. Let me highlight four factors that are important. First is the future of bilateral relations between the United States and china. Second is north Korea Nuclear issue. Fourth, chinas new diplomatic initiatives. Let me be straightforward by asking instead of explaining [ inaudible ] before the apec summit meeting there were growing criticisms in the United States over the positive attitude on chinas new title measure of power relations. It seems to me the outcome was the eclectic whether there is a United States to really embrace the concept. What are the prospects for the new type of rate power seen in the u. S. Perspective . This is my first question. Second question is about the north Korean Nuclear issues. Well elaborated north koreas increase over its nuclear capabilities. There has been a rising criticism in korea and around this academia. The United States has [ inaudible ] so how would you respond to this kind of criticism . Few months ago general curtis in the command of the u. S. Forces in korea said the north korea has the capabilities to build nuclear tip missiles. South Korean Defense minister confirmed this. In the near future we will face north Koreas Nuclear proliferation and capable of icbm. It will dramatically increase Nuclear Proliferation in the region. Many experts anticipate north korea is likely to explode Nuclear Device in the first half of next year. Then i am going to ask my friend what is chinas policy to deal with this kind of issue . Is there any specific policies . Seems to take new initiatives in the north korea policies. If north korea tested the Nuclear Device how will china respond to it . My fourth question is related to russias return. We also face new factors in the northeast asia. There is a prospect for the cement meeting in 2015 between putin and kim jongun. And is it helpful or negative . The last question is about chinas new initiative and their Foreign Policy. We are witnessing great transformation in chinas foreign policies which is very different. What is the new normal diplomacy of china . What is the meaning of the new normal and also what is the implication to the world . My last question is about the under this initiatives of new diplomacy and rebalancing they are saying in south korea, south korea faced [ inaudible ] yes or no . It means we are living the yes or nos era. The difficult cases of the aiib south korea is under tremendous pressure from the United States and china. How do we handle these kinds of issues . I would like to get advice from my respectable chinese scholar as well as the americans. Thank you very much. Thank you very much. Actually, we started 20 minutes late so at least i think we should get 10 to 15 minutes back. Im negotiating. Im like a house wife trying to keep up with how much money the household has. I try to manage and in the end i end up with no money in the deficit. Maybe we should entertain three questions. I will read them. One is to professor, could you summarize the prc strategic goals in the South China Sea . How do these goals shape chinas concept of its future relations with regional neighbors . This is from michael marsh, global peace foundation. The second question is if this question is not censored by the moderator. Has north Korea Nuclear program served chinas Strategic Interests by distracting u. S. And enabling beijing to play role of responsible stakeholder . This is for everybody. The third question is chinas population has peaked and is now declining. Has there been a case of rising power with the shrinking population . That is the question to ponder. Lets just go around and with the questions. Maybe you answer the last one. I agree very much with the richard comment that for america the will is probably more important than its capacity. About two things, comment. I think Chinas Nuclear strategy is reactive, modest, gradual and still evolving. And given the reactive nature of it it is relative, in other words, whatever u. S. Is planning to do with developing china will respond therefore chinas strategy will change. I think it will be unwise to think Chinas Nuclear strategy will be fixed even in the need to longterm. I think china is much smarter than that in my view. And then north Koreas Nuclear. I think what we should do now is to prevent from having more bombs, better bombs and prevent from exporting bombs overseas. In order for us to do that we need to talk. Thats exactly where we are stuck. If we want to talk because we have long experiences of talking. So if for the talk to be effective it has to be trust there has to be a principle to channel folk for communication which are not going to be possible. Second, this whole process of talking is premised under the assumption that it is still at some point going to abandon this Nuclear Weapons program. And im not quite sure whether that is a wellgrounded assumption. Third, whether or not there is going to be a very high level of coordination among the parties involved just to get rid of this nuclear weapon. Im not sure whether that is going to be forth coming therefore we are stuck without a very good solution. We all know that Six Party Talks are not effective as far as fundamental. Still we dont have alternative. Now, finally about the stability of the u. S. china relations. I think this is truthful almost all bilateral relationships, how to prevent domestic politics from getting involved. I have done some research on many of the survey studies in the United States on americans views of china. This year for the first time china is perceived as americas number one enemy for the First Time Since 2001. So i think there are certain changing perceptions of china because of many changes that happen to china. Finally one point. I think most of the United States and china are asking, posing this particular question to regional states in east asia. That is are you with us or against us . For instance, the Asian Investment bank, the Asian Security valuations and so on and so forth, i think the more frequently u. S. And china ask the question the more fatigue regional states will have about these states. I do not think this is going to be helpful. Thank you very much. Thank you. I was asked, i think in the common some other questions about and i just want to say a couple of things. I think the new model of power relations is useful if it is a means of discussing fundamentals. The problem is it has not become that. There has not been a discussion on those different visions and therefore it becomes a way of muddying the waters. And we distract. So i care much of that about what it is called and much more about what the substance of those strategic dialogues tale are. One thing that came up a little more sort of attention is a few times that chinas position is evolved and it will evolve over time as it rises. This is something that china ought to be careful about. That is what the region worries about is that it is sort of changing. If your power is rising you need to in a way if you want others to be assured about your rise you need to sort of impose limits so they wont worry that it would evolve to a point where it would threaten their interests. To me this is quite an old problem. This is sort of an old model of major power relations. When germany was rising in the 1870s bismarck had his ambitions but after he accomplished his goal of unifying germany he imposed strict limits on those ambitions. One of the problems in Southeast Asia is there is no sort of clear sense of limits on what chinas ambitions are. Now, there are ways to go about doing that clarifying or adopting a binding code of conduct. But they are quite unlikely. I think over the medium to long term sort of showing that there is giving some predictability as to what the evolution will be is sort of a very important step of reassurance. I think it will be very difficult to get there, though. There are several points to make. The first one is about the discussion. You discussed about american capability. I think i agree with you that the United States is in good shape and still the most powerful country in the world. If you look at the u. S. Policy you will find it defers from what it has been in the past. The last ten years or 20 years ago. I understand such a way either past United States is so powerful it always uses a force. The result is that they won the war. They aimed politically and did not benefit a lot. They learn a lesson from that. So today they use the power more smartly. More diplomacy rather than force. Will is more important, i agree with you. The second point is about the nuclear issue. I think the pullacy of every country today might be how to prevent north korea from another nuclear test rather than what you have. This is the policy not only for china but United States and north korea we are trying to prevent it from happening. I think as a scholar im not here predicting rather than promising. You predict the chinese behavior after the Third Nuclear test that foreign minister called north Korean Ambassador a strong protest and Chinese Government in joining [ inaudible ] to impose sanctions on north korea. I think what i envision is a nuclear test and Chinese Government will further join and determine it to import more sanctions. This is wais what i think will happen. It is about a new normal policy, a new normal relations, a new term. It is very new. I think if you look there are many different dimensions as was said. They spoke a lot, spoke about the chinese difference and about chinese policy and other issues. There is also new changes and took his ideas about put about a lot of ideas. The other point is about whether Nuclear Program serves interests. I think this is a misunderstanding. North Koreas Nuclear program and imposed more immediate threat towards china and south korea who are close neighbors of north korea. Chinese more concern that it may be to achieve nuclear arm race. The challenge is more determined, we are equally determined as south korea and as the United States to denuclearize north korea. I think to not is detrimental because look at chinese periphery. Our relation with neighbors have been improving a lot. The only problem around chinese neighbor is north Korea Nuclear issue. We do not have to guarantee peace and stability. It is not in chinese interest. Thank you very much. Maybe you can respond to the question that is addressed to you. Supposed to work. So thanks for question for me. South china sea strategy, of course, is a very controversial subject of controversial issue. So then i see some sort of main components of the strategy is easily identified. First is beijing would like to some sort of claim to rocks in the islands. Yes some would say its not i think there is a strong urgeance for the controversy of [ inaudible ] so on the other hand [ inaudible ] safe guarding become more political than international. The second component is chinas growing maritime cautiousness. 18 Party Congress picked up the new key concept. That means China Building into maritime power. What does maritime power mean . I think it is still unanswered question. Either way South China Sea is spontaneously complying with the new concept initiated by 18Party Congress. So this other one is i think beijing now emphasized growing portion in the National Economy from sea and from ocean. So then recognize maritime economy will be some sort of leading driver for chinas future economic growth. So then such a new passion is also automatically spilled over to chinas maritime area. Then last one is naval capability also leading because china ways for rebalancing. Beijing needed to build up some sort of measures. So we see multiple reasons now just to drive in china for some sort of maritime endorsement. But to the problems as i mentioned South China Sea strategy so far is very questionable and even problematic. I think i see tension with regards to South China Sea. First is mismatch between real action over South China Sea issue. Rhetorically we emphasize we should have a Good Neighbor policy. How the South China Sea safe guarding chinas rise were not just undermining chinas Foreign Policy principle. I think it is a bigger test. Second is one way china could, for example, confirm the chinese claim while alsot