Globalization few topics have so sharply divided contemporary society or made emotions run so high globalisation has split the world into 2 camps the winners every economist will tell you that trade is a net benefit for society and the losers the rise issue is like that suze p. S. V. The shop aside hes the site that hes used to that small to me country. Globalization has become a battle cry but its hard to define exactly what it is. Claimed was asian is that why the native boundaries. Of the National Economy to a Global Economy. And integrating a free flow of information trade and sometimes people. Some say that globalization offers hope but it also stokes. Fears of this could be much of just a few days a lot of people are anxious about their future and leaving this mission their lives are not as predictable as they were 20 or 30 years ago. The lies ation is changing the world faster than ever and making it smaller. Scales with some globalization means you can be in any part of the world in just 24 hours of it like. Others say that it promotes economic exploitation. And if a few people profit massively at the expense of the majority. What are the fallacies of globalization and what are the facts behind those misconceptions. Is globalization unfair. Globalization promises prosperity for all and there is no doubt that many have benefited from it but that prosperity can be found only in a small number of countries. That need most of their lies ations seem very much to be a high profile move the ball sports that are calling it. Germany is one of them its Auto Industry continues to fuel the economy exports are booming and earn billions in profits for German Companies. But many people in germany are nevertheless critical of globalization. Economist at keles institute for the World Economy studies the effects of globalization on society and the economy is so to speak global globalization has an image problem on the public discussion doesnt take into account the positive. Side of the disc that exports have created new jobs sort of thats a good fit top of this of us but some like the shuffle at. Benedicts comma of micro finance start up of amo says that globalization has lots of positives. Yes boy germany is absolutely one of the winners sometimes we forget how well were doing take vacations would love. To do but its a lot of people can now travel to faraway places that my grandparents couldnt even have dreamt of going to israel or the us and. Im sure that he finished early but many people ignore the fact that globalization provides us with a much wider variety of products and at much lower prices than in the past isnt us. We couldnt afford a lot of those products if we had to make them ourselves and we profit from the fact that many of them come from low wage countries take china for example china transformed itself from a developing country into the Worlds Largest export nation within just a few decades by opening its economy and investing in new technology. China has lifted 800000000 people out of poverty thats thats the greatest Development Achievement in history. Around the world the number of People Living in extreme poverty has fallen sharply thanks to globalization. In 1900 they numbered about 2000000000 by 2015 the figure had fallen to about 700000000. Jackson an economist and declared critic of growth is a professor at the university of Surrey Jackson believes that the reduction in poverty is only part of the story. The case. For globalization is very much the idea thats in expanding the Global Economy rising tide would lift all boats. If you just expand the economy than sooner or later the poorest will be richer. Globalization and free trade may bring some prosperity to many people but it also widens the gap between rich and poor around the world the richest 10 percent now only 90 percent of the wealth the poorest 50 percent own just 0. 2 percent. Doesnt really matter whether the rich got richer as well or how much they got richer as well as long as you list as people from the bottom then youre doing the job that globalization should do. Globalization encourages capital to flow to places that offer maximum profits thats good for those who the invested in shares of International Corporations and free markets can benefit countries that have a highly developed economy. But wide open markets can have a devastating effect on countries where the economy is less developed. Even tougher coming from cameroon isnt antiglobalization activist Francisco Mari works for the bread for the World Organization both call for fair trade between africa and the western industrial nations to look good on this its from spain. Thats right and we should be reminded that because of their reproduction even you know sitting out there probably could produce cheese this is really. 4 hours this from from europe. Food products from europe are stocked in many shops here some of that food is heavily subsidized by the European Union so its often lie. Less expensive than food grown by local farmers. I usually use the term dumping because theyre there for 2 or 3 times cheaper than the products so the competition is definitely very unfair. What does this competition mean for the farmers here like many african nations senegal is a predominantly rural country 4 out of 5 people here earn their living from agriculture. The goods over. Which it was one of those farmers is lamine dione know. What do you grow millet. And such in the here are some of the products that we sell this is not good this is the low the bun ok but this is militant you see the it is but youre not getting a good price or not at all because of exploitation by the europeans. Is it ok. Let means father and grandfather work this land but now we imports from europe are threatening his livelihood and he cant afford to send his children to school. In. The good book with a deposit you see so i have to spend a lot of money on fertilizer and extra workers and im going to be paid is good i like these imports to stop that we can get better prices. So we have to work really hard here. And that always should be pursued. So economic competition creates both winners and losers Francisco Marini sums up the situation the speed freshmen be off theres a lot of competition may produce more winners. But it also produces more who have no chance at all of the google kind of thing because i dont think globalization has made good on its promise to benefit everyone and thus i look for stuff and sort of. Does globalisation take away jobs. Globalization creates International Competition for the best and cheapest production conditions. Experts estimate that some 12000000 jobs in germany japan directly on exports. Thats more than a quarter of the workforce. In germany exports help us to preserve the jobs that we have and to create new jobs shuffleboard. But the globalized economy has brought radical changes to the workplace. Keith rockwell has been the World Trade Organization chief spokesman since 1906 he says technological change is the greatest challenge of our time. When was the last time you went to a travel agent. The last time you talked to a bank teller these jobs are disappearing because people do things in a very different way. Germany continues to thrive mostly because of its Strong Technology base its often touted as a winner of globalization a misconception. Look at leats was managing director of germanys largest manufacturer of solar modules the past few years were tough on the company. But was an employee. Thats really sad to go to the factory and to see that production is pretty much shut down the whole herd. As for the. Solar World Industries filed for insolvency for the 2nd time in 2018. Just a few years earlier the company had over 3000 employees the future looked promising not least because solar world receive generous subsidies from the german government. China discovered the lucrative solar module production market and provided big subsidies for new companies in this sector low priced chinese modules were soon turning up everywhere. For the Global Market is a good thing but you cant compete against price dumping on. In 2013 the u. S. And the e. U. Imposed antidumping tariffs on china. But Chinese Companies got around the penalties by sending their solar modules to taiwan vietnam and malaysia and exporting them from their. Solar world and other German Companies in the sector suffered as a result of globalization. It was just brutal he was he the lost their jobs i knew most of our workers and it was like a family here a great place to work he wanted and false toil. The last solar module rolled off the production line and fired back in september 28th. And 1300 people were left unemployed. And he mentioned some of the workers took it pretty hard for particularly since the politicians were always telling us that something had to be done to fight Climate Change inside the. King while one of them was in what thats one of. The collapse of the Solar Industry in germany has eliminated about 25000 jobs most of them in the eastern part of the country. Overall globalization has been good for germany but as weve seen here there are some glaring exceptions. Anita engels is a sociologist at the university of hamburg she studies the effects of globalization on the environment and society. I think your entire regions of germany are losing something that defines them for decades and also it gave them confidence and a feeling of strength. At a cost summit. When globalization destroys jobs the Political Climate also changes. On conciseness to globalise that weve seen that globalization can contribute to the growth of populism. To speak your many regions that have been hit hard by globalization tend to vote for more extreme Political Parties to try and solve it. In the 2016 us president ial election donald trump it especially well in those parts of the country that had been affected by global competition. And the job market will continue to change radically in the years to come if. We estimated that by 203080 percent of the new jobs that are going to be created dont exist today what will the jobs of the future be how do we bring these to peoples attention and how do we prepare them to fulfill these jobs. Generally speaking germanys economy is well prepared to deal with this situation but its an ongoing process no country can afford to relax in a globalized economy that is constantly changing. Is global migration destroying our world. In 2015 large numbers of migrants started to arrive in europe from africa syria and cause of all. The while many risked their lives thousands drowned many of them were desperate to escape war and persecution. Others simply wanted the chance to earn a decent living this too is part of globalization to build up the images was so strong that many people felt the huge numbers of migrants were like a flood by feeling. Many germans immediately offered to help the new arrivals and make them feel welcome. To. The arms of feels good stuff is often. Done of ones actually but we had no idea how many people were coming or who they were. In germany some people feel threatened by the migrants. Was. That. Europe was. Divided on the issue of migration and how to deal with it some countries saw the democratic order under threat. The continent was overwhelmed by the arrival of some 3300000 in the space of 3 years. To some of the other regions are experiencing more serious situations like all the people migrating north from Central America in dalton. The u. N. Says that 2300000 people left venezuela in 2018 alone. And often causes and in africa some countries like uganda have taken in millions of people from somalia and eritrea who are fleeing conflicts it would feast. In 2015 the total number of migrants worldwide was estimated at 2c4x3w7xw of them had fled from conflict zones. Most moved to nearby countries only a few embarked on longer and more dangerous journeys to other continents just leave muslims migrants feel enormously threatened otherwise they wouldnt do it its not an easy decision to go on kind of like for the gun charges. Its a fallacy that global migration only creates problems for the host nations to the migrants home countries lose workers and intellectual potential and with a. Lot of good little dong. Follow on deal is studying philosophy at the university of the car in senegal. On sundays a lot of the students play soccer. Or they meet up with their friends there are about 100000 students in senegal. By the end of it and. Jobs for University Graduates are scarce here. No one is good on the move. The girl will also have kids not that we want to leave our homeland but at some point. Well probably have to come what. If we cant find a job when we finish our studies things will start to get complicated. So all a lot of us will have to leave your song is it. Normal was. If more educated young people like fallon stayed in senegal they could help build the economy but at the same time theres a shortage of skilled workers in many western countries. Caught it in their soft some societies are aging rapidly and that will push their social welfare systems to the limit. That these countries will need immigrants to help them deal with the challenge on the long term basis on scones in lungs. Esteem issues by living. Migration has been changing the face of our world for thousands of years there are many positive sides to migration but in the 21st century it has become a major problem. As the global population grows and environmental conditions deteriorate migration will continue to rise. Does globalization create peace. September 11th 2001 of the wrecked attack on the heart of International Trade it seemed that globalization produced its own fanatical enemies. But wasnt globalisation supposed to produce conflicts. Jackson explains that argument the phrase for the free market was we as human beings have a natural propensity. He to truck barter and trade is actually are an inherent human quality to trade with each other and this trade is a kind of civilizing influence on the world if youre trading with someone youre not fighting with and. The history of globalization has always been closely linked to the war and peace. At the start of the 20th Century Global trade was at a new all time high. But in 1029 the u. S. Stock market crash kicked off the great depression. Germany was hit hard by the crisis. In 1030 the us sought to protect its economy by imposing tariffs on many imported goods other countries followed suit. Germany tried to make its economy selfsufficient was. It was a dangerous mixture of protectionism and nationalism. But after world war 2 it seemed that only free trade and prosperity would ensure lasting peace. In 194723 nations signed a general agreement on tariffs and trade or gatt this created a framework for International Trade that is still in place today. The motivations for it were a broadly humanitarian and social they were certainly to some extent about cementing the particular configuration of political power that came out of the 2nd world war. The western industrial states pursued a policy of free trade is also led to an economic boom in west germany on the votes of good contacts not up on. The 1950 s. Postwar prosperity it was referred to as the economic miracle and ultimately led to the triumph of capitalism. Over communism. The fall of the berlin wall signaled the end of this ideological conflict. It seemed that overcoming borders would lead to a lasting end to war i think the best example of trade bringing peace that i can i can think of is the creation of the European Union. Having france and germany inextricably tied to each other as partners its very hard to imagine a conflict arising between these 2 great friends. The era of world wars had come to an end but with the fall of the iron curtain a series of regional conflicts took center stage. There are seldom been as many of these conflicts as there are today many of them are fueled by the struggle to acquire natural resources. For example in the democratic republic of congo a country rich in mineral deposits. A metallic war called contains elements that are used in the manufacture of many high Tech Products when you can have an easy access to cheap was all says then the tension between civilizing power of trade and. Presses. That can be wildly more easily with military force can go. Armed groups fight to control valuable resources that command large sums on Global Markets these conflicts often impoverished local residents and force them to flee. You see dictators lee staying in power for so many years just because behind there is a lobby just because behind their moats nationals. The International Competition for food resources exacerbates the problem millions of people in africa are starving while their governments sell farmland to foreign. They compensate towers in some tarzans of hectares of land leave the poor communities die and then you want to create a big multinational Food Industry that will not even feed the coming u. T. S. Its used for exports ocean to feed the reach of countries. So perhaps its a fallacy that free trade always leads to peace. And you have these imbalances. And thats the point at which in a civilized trade it stops being fair and becomes a form of aggressive conflict. Is globalization a disaster for the planet. The world is your level isolation has enabled us to export a specific model of Economic Growth and wealth around the world. Yet but its based on an incredible wastage of resources fashion. So were producing position as a systematic accompaniment to prosperity he says forced on. Goods are often produced in countries that have relatively few regulations cheap labor and weak Environmental Standards ready ready. Just as im going to list environmental pollution has become a serious problem effect but its not included in the cost of doing business the image has cost me the price of pollution is paid by society as a whole but not directly by the corporations effect for some time named. In prosperous western countries we can buy whatever we want whenever we want thanks in part to globalization. But in other parts of the world thats not the case. Being able to translate that kind of lifestyle to nearly 8000000000 people and 10000000000 people by the middle of a century would almost be impossible without. A serious collapse in our ecosystem. For everyone to be able to live as well as doura peons we need 3 times the earths resources. A small percentage of the worlds population is consuming a large part of these finite raw materials. The general increase in prosperity has put massive pressure on the environment for people who are well off create more pollution than poor people do take air travel for example. Dizziness and order number of flights in germany has been increasing continuously for years for not putting. More than 80000000 passengers take off from german airports every year on International Flights and that number is expected to rise from. A flight from frankfurt to new york generates about 4 tons of c o 2 per passenger. The targets that aim to reduce Global Warming say that we should produce only one tonne of Greenhouse Gases per capita per year that would see the end of most air traffic. Globalisation is contributing to serious environmental damage but it can also help to reduce that damage. In 1987 the International Community joined forces to reduce the ozone hole in the stratosphere over and arctica scientists pointed out the environmental dangers. Countries approved an International Treaty the montreal protocol that called for phasing out materials such as c f cs that were damaging the ozone layer. Since the treaty was implemented in 198900 and depression over the antarctic has been reduced. Me to cool bodies in this age of globalization we can create International Institutions that can effectively coordinate efforts to use our resources in a more environmentally friendly more efficient way to the quad in. The world continues to look for solutions to problems that affect us all in 2015196 countries approved the Paris Agreement on reducing Greenhouse Gas emissions as part of the effort to curb Global Warming thanks. But some countries no longer support the agreement. The United States world with draw. From the paris. Climate accord. Our agriculture is being crushed by environmental regulations that do nothing to protect the environment. Or that of polish economy is based on a call that will never change. If people keep voting for governments because they roll back Environmental Standards. Then the world will be in a very bad shape. But more and more young people are taking to the streets to demand environmental and climate protection. There is an appetite for a different kind of lifestyle a different kind of sinking and you can see that as a generational shift. I am i. 10 and human of you. If this Youth Movement really takes off and the young people can use new technology and the globalized conditions to network with each other then it can really gather momentum and 5. International agreements can help to reduce the negative effects of globalization but it is no fallacy that globalization also exacerbates damage to the environment. Is globalization destroying our identity. There are many reasons why people in britain voted to leave the European Union for many the main one appears to be a feeling that the you had taken control of their lives. One of the factors that led into the decision to take back control narrative was that even their identity had been taken away by a kind of globalised homogenize a. N. C. That meant that the localism was no longer valued. Many people in germany feel the same way. They are these people are demonstrating against multiculturalism. You dont you take it. Up identity she set up the political arena when people feel that their status in society is. All that theyre not valued. To im in paris who. Were tolerant today will be foreigners in our own country tomorrow. A lot of people around the world feel like that now due in part to compensation some of them have turned to nationalism and populism to help restore their sense of identity. In oz and see that in the strong change happening right now in the United States not for more than 200 years our tradition of welcoming immigrants from around the world has given us a tremendous advantage over other nations it has shaped our character as a people with limitless possibilities. So then once again until the 990 s. The idea was that the United States was a nation of immigrants and that immigration was a good thing. Even at last causative astonished. That. Bill that was. President trump has given Many Americans a new sense of identity in a rapidly changing world. The concept of National Identity developed in the early 19th century later to tell a terrier in states like nazi germany used it to promote racist policies. And. Today nationalism has become increasingly popular but what does that have to do with identity. Identity is constantly in flux its not custom stuff. I enjoy to get whether were talking about a nation or individual in view to. Us and thickets it evolves and changes through our lifetimes. Intercultural exchange is part of everyday life it brings new energy to society by changing customs and values globalization did not create this process but it has definitely quicken the pace. Does globalization need a set of rules. Today the world has become more closely interconnected than ever. The boundaries that used to isolate states and cultures are slowly disappearing. Globalization seems to have entered every aspect of our lives often the open fear in the u. S. And growing concern elsewhere. In 2008 Lehman Brothers a new york based Global Financial Services Firm filed for bankruptcy after speculating in bad real estate loans. This development had a devastating impact on the World Economy. Unregulated Economic Activity can be dangerous weve seen this in the financial crisis. This doesnt mean the government should overburdened entrepreneurs with paperwork and all kinds of other bureaucratic and angles but it does mean you need to keep an eye on how things are going. So does globalization need regulation by whom and what should the priorities be mention of the states and patricia laws that protect human rights can also be applied to International Trade and the movement of capital im given that we have all the principles and objectives of the United Nations are almost universally recognized. The organization often takes action on the big issues Peace International justice human rights all these other things that repeatedly lead to conflicts. As National Interests take precedence the u. N. Has less and less room to maneuver that is one reason the United States will not participate. In. The World Trade Organization also has Less Authority than in the past it was created in 1000. In 94 to regulate Global Commerce and at least in principle to create prosperity for everyone its rules were approved by 164 member states. Bringing everybody here to chat about what it is we can do in a way which is amicable. In so far as trade can be discussed amicably these days these kinds of process seeds are what the deputy who was created to do. The w t o has been widely criticised because its policies have failed to benefit all of its member states. And the u. S. Under trump has mostly ignored it. From this day. Its going to be only. First. As a c. S. V. On the internets about optimal International Trade agreements are difficult to work out because each country is pursuing its own interests its trade policy that can include restricting imports and increasing exports spawn much to. The w t o was created to establish fair trade policies that applied around the world but those policies cant be vetoed by any member state. Many countries have lost patience with the situation and has simply worked out their own separate trade deals. With. The European Union alone has concluded more than 60 free trade agreements with different regulations. Even within what is called globalization and the rules of this fishes try to govern it as a lot of vested interest and locked up. And nothing really ever approximating free trade has ever really happened. So there are still no internationally binding rules that govern the transfer of goods labor and capital. Trade makes the pie bigger. But how that pie. Sheered is not a decision thats made in geneva. Those decisions are often made elsewhere globalization has created loopholes that enable multinational corporations to move their profits to obscure tax havens. For blame for the problem it is Multinational Companies that conclude contracts worldwide in order to pay as little tax as possible remain effectively above the law your body because thats really. What is it realistic to hope that International Regulations will one day create fair trade policies that benefit everyone or is that you topic of time rather pessimistic about the idea that all interests can be represented equally when it comes to trade policy. Competition here present because states and economies still tend to pursue their own nationalistic interests so lets not list. Its often difficult for the International Community to agree on solutions for Serious Problems. And activists like even tongue say that the old structures have to change how to keep reminding the world that the policies that have been put in place. Policies made by plan b. Are not natural phenomena these policies are no my work. Colleagues leave the country then we should either just be completely completely erased. Perhaps its time to consider trade options that fall outside the scope of globalization tim jackson says that this would provide a number of benefits. That result says so there are advantages in supply chains to less globalization you dont have to have your materials traveling around the world so much that reduces your carbon costs there are Employment Benefits to less globalization and theyre also the largest. To. You know a more localized sense of what culture is. But the w t os Keith Rockwell says this would be a big mistake weve seen what autarky hes. Autarky is this is the soviet union and as an economic model i dont hear too many people saying thats the route we should take. What you need to make globalization more equitable are rules. That are tied to give its a global globalization offers a number of advantages including Technological Development so we dont need alternatives to the global its young but we have to take a more active approach to globalization and Work Together to develop responsible solutions to the minds of lose them through it and. Then it takes comma says that globalization process has to be restructured. Some of it isnt so in germany weve progressed to a social market economy over the last 100 years and i think we should take the same approach to globalization with for example corporations should be forced to pay their fair share of taxes so its our pleasure. And their fight and its 11 nice asian has helped to connect people around the world and they now realize that the resources of the one planet that we have unlimited. We have no alternative and. This is a very important and positive aspect of us picked. Globalization has created Serious Problems that is no fallacy but in an interconnected world these problems can only be resolved if people take a global approach to finding solutions. Theyre the future of zimbabwe students at the prestigious falcon college. Boys and girls of different races learn together. When they finish school they take on the responsibility of finding to ensure zimbabwe is a tolerant and democratic country the elite top boarding school. In 90 minutes one w. Take it personally you went with a little bit wonderful people and stories that make the game so special. For all true fans. Because more than football online. Their wealth isnt calculable. Their egos insatiable. Their rivalry deadwood. 3 princes. All moved home a dream of leaving the arab world. So why the princes of the cold starts november 27th on the d w. This is the the view news live from berlin a tense standoff in hong kong right now between police and protesters after another night of violent clashes prodemocracy activists are trying to leave Hong Kong University but police have that campus surrounded and closed off well go live to our correspondent also coming up. Right after
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