Over disputed territory too. As a potshot contentious peace deal. Several districts in the colder region of placed under the sand and time for welcome to the program. 75 years ago today, trials opened the nuremberg of high ranking members of the nazi dictatorship. Today in the city. A ceremony took place commemorating this historic event, including witnesses from the time. The judicial proceedings for the 1st of their current nuremberg trial sought to hold individuals to account, instead of punishing an entire country. They also laid the foundations of todays International Criminal court in the hague price, marshall, Herman Gehring hitlers Deputy Rudolf Hess and chief archaeologist Alfred Rosenberg in the dark on nov 20th, 1945. Many of the leading nazi figures had by then gone into hiding or committed suicide, including hitler. But for the 1st time in history, the rulers of a country had to answer to an International Criminal court. The allies wanted to show that the individuals would be held responsible for the crimes of the nazis, not the german people, as a home. The charges against the main war, criminals included conspiracy against world pace, planning, unleashing and conducting a war of aggression, crimes and violations of martial law. Crimes against humanity. Because not guilty, like home and getting none of the accused, were willing to take responsibility. Many germans only learnt about the unbelievable extent of the crimes during the trial. On october 1st, 946, the sentences were handed down 3 acquittals, 3 life sentences for prison sentences, 12 death sentences were carried out shortly afterwards. The nuremberg trials became a historical milestone. They paved the way for the future International Criminal court in the hague. Well, todays commemorations took place at nuremberg palace of justice where those trials took place. German president from delta steinmeyer a gave an address emphasizing their significance thinks the nuremberg trials of the main war. Criminals were revolutionary. They didnt just make legal history. They made world history. Started nice but city known for the nuremberg rally in the race laws held a mirror up to germans. Indic nuremberg confronted them in plain view of the world with the fact that naziism itself, including its conduct in war, was criminal and it takes too long. And for breaking it isnt ornon back if it werent for nuremberg war lords from serbia, croatia, or rwanda, for instance, wouldnt have been punished for mass murder, torture, and rape. And genocide would not be prosecuted as a crime stuff to go on. And if it werent for nurnberg, there would be no principle of International Law. And National Courts could not prosecute violations of International Law and for good database. Political correspondent, simon young, is outside the palace of justice and youre about welcome, simon. Tell us about tonights ceremony. Phil, it was a solemn act of remembrances. It was called in a courtroom 600 in the building behind me. Nuremberg palace of justice and president steinmeyer. As you heard, there was saying he was trying to draw the lessons really of nuremberg understand its significance today saying that not offering a response to the unprecedented crimes of the nazis. The holocaust, of course, was not an option. Something had to be done and was that on it was a revolution. He said, of the historical significance that led to the International Institutions of criminal justice such as the International Criminal court that we had allowed for a really evaluation of the past. Here in germany itself, one of the important legacies that it had. So the president s speech really looking at a broad view, we also heard from benjamin ferentz. He was somebody who was involved in the nuremberg trials as the chief prosecutor in the socalled s. S. Einsatzgruppen trial. One of the follow up trials to the main tribunals that happened in the late fortys. And he appealed to people listening to him to really turn away from war to assert the principle of law rather than war. And he pointed out that even now 75 years on from the nuremberg trials, wars are still going on. And atrocities are still being committed in the name of governments. Stay with us. Were going to hear from benjamin parents who you mentioned that part of a Prosecution Team and who helped to build the case against nazi officials. Hes been speaking today about his historic role, and i got 30 indignant. I said, loath i got if i hant you matt meagher, to run for president. Im not going to have you back to go. Benjamin ferenc was the chief prosecutor in the trial of s. S. Death squad members at nurnberg in 1947. He was 27 years old and had already fought as a us soldier against the nazis might for him to simon was to set up a long ranch for the us long. I knew that by going into the concentration camps as they were liberated, nobody saw what i saw because they got in right with the american tanks going in. And then dead bodies lying on the ground, piled up, waiting for a democratic lawyer. Friends collected evidence of nazi war crimes. In the trials, he brought charges against more than 20 men for murdering a 1000000 people. In his indictment, however, he stressed that he didnt want revenge vengeance. And she hoped in a balance the scales of justice. On the one hand, im not 22000 and 0, you know, i havent got a 1000000 victims. So he cant be down here when you know you reach out to us in a situation like this, the legs arms were murdered, they use, you know, worries on the green that are coming. Thats all the call up to now you can share, you know, his act out receipts of marriage, security cameras, on a city we can make that a crime. And that is a crime, not against the redskins. Its a crime against your mind. And the trials ended in 1988 with guilty verdicts for the 22 defendants. But friends didnt stop there. He continued to fight for justice and push to establish an International Criminal court. That court became a reality in 1908 at a conference in rome. Ferenc was there. Actually i began saying, i have come to rome to speak for those who cannot speak the victims. And the only authority ever comes from my op. So its really what is only the beginning etching the mind, which you have just set up a court on the record that you wouldnt future to deter any such pride in creature. The i. C. C. Has been in operation in the hague since 2002. In just over 2 dozen cases, it has investigated possible war crimes and crimes against humanity. Ferenc has traveled to the hague several times to take part. Ive come a long way in what ive seen when you have an International Criminal court. It has its problems. Serious problems. You dont get a lot of cooperation, truly have more cooperation, but he says the secret to succeeding at this is simple. Never give out. After simon young engineer about the assignment, tell us more about the significance of base trials. Well, i think the nuremberg trials were hugely significant. As we said, they asserted the principle that states governments, but also the individual members of those governments could be held and must be held accountable. If crimes are perpetrated in their name, they familiarize the world with new criminal charges such as crimes against humanity. And genocide, at least were really important principles that as we said, led to the modern architecture of International Criminal justice that weve had. The trials were also innovative, and in various ways they brought together divergent Legal Systems of the, victorious allies, the u. K. , the us, france, and the soviet union, of course. And that was a difficult thing to do. It also meant that the proceedings had to be translated single taney asli into different languages. Thats something were familiar with today. That was new back then. A lot of the evidence was presented in, in film form with those horrific images of piles of corpses from the nazi concentration camps. So there was a lot of innovation that was important back then and has, has marked the way forward to what we see today in terms of the International Criminal court. 75. How does germany reflect on those trials today . Its very interesting. The development of attitudes here in germany, initially, to some extent, you know, the trial, the nuremberg trials began just months after the end of the 2nd world war. People didnt, hadnt really got their heads around. The fact that germany was defeated. Many of the allegations about the holocaust, for instance, were still denied by many people. And the trials in for a while at least were rejected as victors justice by germans. But i think they were a very important part of changing attitudes, laying the foundations for what was ultimately an attempt to deal with the nazi past, even in the German Court System that began with the ash trials in, in the 1960 s. And so on. Of course today when germans reflect on nuremberg, i think theyre very encouraged to know that something of last in value for the world came from it in the form of the the International Criminal court, albeit that, as president don meyer said, not every country in the world has signed up to that international process. Not least, of course, both the United States and russia are not members of the International Criminal court, even though they stood firmly behind him, were indeed major proponents of the nuremberg trial process 75 years ago. Simon, thank you. Ice take a look now at some of the other stories making news around the world. South African Police have clashed with anti racism protesters in cape town. Hundreds of members of the left wing group, the Economic Freedom fighters were demonstrating near a school that had allegedly held an Online Dance Party in october. The president has called for an investigation describing the clashes as deeply regrettable United Nations has warned that the war torn country of yemen is in imminent danger of facing the worlds worst family for decades. The u. N. Says that without immediate action, millions of lives could be lost. Yemen has enjoyed a 5 year war between iranian backed with you rebels and saudi backed, under saudi backed government. A german drug developer about tech and its u. S. Partner, pfizer seeking emergency authorization for that. Corona virus vaccine in the United States. Its the 1st time, such a vaccine to be put before the f. D. A. And if approved, it would be a major step in the fight against a pandemic. The u. S. Government expects a decision will be made in late december, much faster than the normal 80 years. The firm say they could begin distribution of the vaccine within hours of approval for under if i go is founder of the health, finance institute in washington. D. C. Welcome to day doubly. So what will the f. D. A. Not do in a month, but it normally takes a week, 8 years to achieve thank you so much for having me. And this is really out. And he started elements that we have seen thats developed such as they call it. And other just emergency other issues of siege or the city as fast tracking are as you can see, sent to think we know as well as the general approval process. So an independent in thinking that you can go out and look at this like to have reviews and then also look at supply chain and mining fashion proxies. If everything goes well, which, if thats what he wants, that we will have we will have the 1st 16 roll out at the beginning of december. But most likely also homes, marketing or so are looking at long term safety in a population that uses that. It seems rather than the centerpiece and its ok. So it, but its one thing to have. The vaccine is another to get it approved and be rolled out, but in a country where even the wearing of face coverings has been a contentious political issue, i wonder, is that likely to be resistance to a drug that people might perceive as having been rushed through the system absolutely Vaccine Hesitancy is, is, is a trend that is not only just plaguing the United States, but slaking Community School bully. So, but i think that the first the 1st to receive the 25000000 doses that scene will be essential health care workers, teacher a nurse and social workers. So im assuming that this will be a population that is what inclined to believe in science and, and people into, to use to fix it. Obviously its holder for our cation, but the sick climb up and also make the arguments that those who are wary of marrying last. Welcome to see it because it means that it would have to have many more. So i can see both sides of i hear, well, lets hope youre right. Obviously, lots of money riding on this and lots of expectations as well. To manufacturers gear up to mass produce a neat expectation that approval will come i would probably say, given that we have a 95 percent ethnic seat in the pfizer results also. And i nice as well. Ask the senate kind of face to point, seeing everything pointing towards animosity action. Office of the sex scenes and even mass production about all these players out there. So it will take it out here to produce enough to cover that population sufficiently. Reinsert will also have a 2nd dose of the vaccine thats needed. So id like to see optimistic. Id like to think that 2020 has been hard enough and im having a look at that. The part is really nothing to indicate that there will be a map. Massive go ahead in the middle of will not have it, but i will all see have to see. Well, keep our fingers crossed. Thank you for joining us. Andrea. Go from a Health Care Institution a week ago, a video showing a man lying dead in a hospital bathroom and sparked outrage in italy, a clinic that the patient was being treated for a suspected corona, virus infection. But chose not to play that particular clip. But we will show you scenes of the hospital struggling to cope. It also meet a woman whose father has been fighting against mismanagement in the health sector. And that was before he himself died of cough and 90 only a few days ago. You have to lost her father to cope with 19. She says it is still too hard for her to look at this photo. And its not only her whos mourning, but the whole sunny town neighborhood in naples. Francesco, to its owner, was a well known here, a political activist who left his mark all over sunday. Just as many here will remember him as a fighter for Better Health care. This fight became the symbol of his death. My father died because of mismanagement of the Health Care System and one kilometer behind his house. The hospital was partly closed. So he fought for it to be operative again. If its still been open, hed still be here this week when he got sick from just who had to do had to wait for more than 2 weeks to be picked up by ambulance. When he got to naples to rally hospital, it was already too late. Thats about the same time this video filmed in the code 900 word of this exact hospital caused consternation and in italy. The recent campaign and its capital, naples were mostly spared from the 1st wave of the coronavirus pandemic in spring, only to be hit even harder by the 2nd wave. This doctor works in another hospital in the region, out of fear for his job. He doesnt want to show his face. He says that many untrained doctors and nurses have to feel in a sense that we cant assist people in the proper way. Even if we try. Were also worried about being infected. Our main issue is the lack of hospital beds and personnel this doctor simona says, another problem. Italy has cut down healthcare spending over the last decades. Theyre not enough family. Doctors hospitals have been privatized to keep every emergency room in companions, historically overwhelmed by too much work. And Family Doctors are too busy to take care of cova 1000 patients. People in italy, self and naples in particular, are economically far worse. So the richer north of the country mario compared to supports the left, the majority in naples city council. It needs that local and regional authorities could have maybe avoided the crisis if they communicated better, probably meant us and we are probably, if we do united our voices. When we requested more doctors, we would have got more and appear more trustworthy. Bt it. Purchases campaign, you know, was put under lockdown far too late when her father got sick in mid october life here in sunny towers, this base and yes, always. Shes sure her dad will be missed here was either one of them what they were called up. Its also what i would do. One of the reasons why everybody left him as a politician is because they actually saw him doing things. Sometimes he himself fixed the halls in the street with cement. We still have bags of cement and tar, and her hand. We dont know what to do with that impact and now wants to take her fathers case to court. But she doesnt want to blame a single person. Its the system itself. She wants to be hold accountable. Azerbaijans army says it has entered territory that our media is handing over as part of a contentious peace deal. Was brokered by russia and weeks of fighting in and around the disputed region of the corner. Kyra, back to being controversial in albania, but under its terms, armenia, troops have until the 1st of december to withdraw. The fighting is officially over. Life is still a long way off for those affected by the conflict. The reports. Its a choice. After weeks of fear, now that the fighting in has ended, hundreds of refugees are returning to their every day. Russian peacekeepers watch over the process. But not everyone has a home to come back to her mother from the nearby city of shushi, which is now under control. Just like for many here to the recent peace is a betrayal. We dont know what we will do and where we will live. We just came here because we have no other option. We dont have a home. I left everything behind in shoes. She a 2 bedroom apartment with everything in us, old enough and renovated what i didnt even manage to take any clothing with me. My neighbors thought some of my clothes, one of everything, and this is wash. I came here in with a population of just over 50000 people is the biggest city here think they could soon be dealing with up to 25000. 00 refugees from nearby regions which are no longer under control. Had several hotels or big hotels so that people can live there for now. While we Start Building more houses for people who have come from the regions all want to live in stock on the cards. And we have to explain to them this isnt big enough to provide for everyone. We have to send them to live in villages in other areas. Even for those who didnt leave. Traces of the recent war lurk around every corner. People in have gotten used to living in the middle of a frozen conflict. But after the most recent fighting, even that normality seems far away. Preparing for the return of his children and grandchildren who left during the fighting, the windows of his building got blown out in a bomb blast for now, plastic sheets will have to do instead. The 65 year old says he and his neighbors lived in the basement for around 3 weeks. Many can still remember the fierce fighting of the 990 s. I was machine gun fire, back and forth. This time it was really scary weapons. We have to start over now. We dont have anything. We dont have work either. But were going to do our best to live well. Even with destruction everywhere, most people say leaving is not an option. Even if no court has just gotten smaller, it will always be their homeland. Hong kong activist joshua wall has told the w. That chinese efforts to suppress the territories prodemocracy movement will not succeed. He goes on trial next week to face charges of Unlawful Assembly wearing a mask during demonstrations last year. Hes been repeatedly a detained and could be sentenced to several years in prison if found guilty. He did. He spoke with Joshua Walker and i asked him how hes preparing for next weeks trial. Its not easy to handle the pressure as the one who have been arrested for 10 pies being jailed for free times and now im facing 6 charges within 3 court cases. And perhaps time for them to jail be come soon, but no matter what happened to fly, the greatest human rights abuse are essential to restart democracy. I would generation and the generation for allowing us so in the upcoming film is still important to keep on the fight. No matter urging the world to stand with the trout, the pain that hong kong was or how we keep on to seek for local and Global Community support. We just want to let the world to know that even the present possible exception is still also important to encourage the world to realize that the fight in hong kong for freedom has not. And yet, joshua wall, of course, will have coverage of his trial, which begins on monday, in situ, up to date. Ill be back in a moment to meet you through of the day. Dont forget, you can always get the latest news and information on our website. The w dot com, or you can follow us on instagram and twitter at the doubling of the day the fight against the coronavirus pandemic. How has the rate of infection been developing . Measures are being taken . What does the latest research say . Information and context . The coronas resort to the cold. It seems special. Monday to friday on t. W. We know that this is very time for the coronavirus is changing the world, changing our lives. So please take care of yourself. Keep your distance and wash your hands. If you can stay at how we do w. For here for you, we are working tirelessly to keep you informed on all of our platforms. We are all in this together and together. Make it. Stay safe, everybody. Stay safe, stay safe. Please stay safe. And you, your me know, yes, yes, we can hear you. And how last years german chancellor, when you bring your uncle, our mascot as youve never had have before surprised yourself with what is possible. Who is man called really, what moves that and what also, who talks to people who follows her along the way, admirers and critics alike . How is the worlds most powerful woman shaking her legacy . Joining us from eccles last stop. The world is marking. Remembering the nuremberg, 75 years ago, the trials began in that city of prominent members of the political, military and Economic Leadership of nazi germany. And saw the 1st prosecutions under International Jurisdiction and the 1st prosecutions for crimes against humanity. It also led to the establishment of the International Criminal court and phil graham in berlin, and this is the day