Times. Today is a great date for vaccines. In order for our society, we need sign. Everything thats for society follower, thousands of years has been science. Also on the day, a touchy tags action against that code, you should medicine soft us sunday, suicide bombing rock, the capital and correct asked strikes were conducted in neighboring iraq. And president of the one hand to them may be moved to come up. The new steps we will take saw or just a matter of preparation time and environment, the autumn, thats why i want you to always remember that we may come unexpectedly one night pluck doesnt exceed all welcome to the day we because nobel prize and nonsense has begun with the award in medicine, this is prize that goes to to scientists, to help the lay of the ground. Well, i am on a vaccines against coby 19. The world has previously celebrated breakthroughs, including the discovery of dna into penicillin and my renee a term that became for merger as the cobit 9 Team Pandemic stroke the world. It is the basis for nova vaccines against the disease developed at record speed. The cornerstone was late by the 2 scientists now honored with a nobel prize and mets, and kathleen got equal and drew weisman, who convinced colleagues for the what i realized that the because they dont have the knowledge to the i just be leaving. And i with them just believe me, that it is, that it is a very safe and very important to vaccine and the that a more will come and, or will be very beneficial or for the people. The 2 scientists have been studying m r in a since the 19 ninetys. In contrast to traditional vaccines that use, we can virus or a piece of a virus protein kind of go and weisman followed a different idea. And my rene vaccines provide the body with the instruction manuals for specific proteins which simulate an infection and trained immune system to do with a real virus. The concept is promising for a lot of other diseases. Renee vaccines in general are in hundreds of Clinical Trials for many different Infectious Diseases. There are Clinical Trials for cystic fibrosis, for a bunch of liver genetic diseases for sickle cell anemia. So i, i know the potential is a norm is there could be hundreds if not thousands of diseases that are in a can be tailored to be useful for. M r. Renee vaccines have also shown 1st good results. Again, some tensor types like melanoma to the prize Winning Research by cutty cohen, wise man dates back to 2005. 15 years before the pandemic, not long and nobel terms, but long enough. So the 2 got to feel the break of then youve exceed themselves. Well dr. Emmanuel watts via is a molecular biologist who specializes in our, in our biology at abundance. Max del book center for molecular medicine. Welcome to the w. So we have these 2 professors that are famous for an application of that research. This is the m r n a vaccines use against coven . But as weve just been hearing the vin number of potential, other applications of that work seems limitless. Yes, i think we can say so. And i think theres this also why this noble prize is so resource for the 2 goes to have really kind of opened a note eh, completing you avenue for the design of both to put takes and also prevents your medicine like succeeds. Im what is it about the m on a technology that makes it a clickable to so many different areas. So if we want to interfere, we interfere with it by a lot of a process like a concert as growing into more. But also a virus like an Infectious Diseases. We need somebody all to the molecules that we can kind of put into the system. So administer to a person and interfere with at the detriment of biological process. And usually is being done by manufacturing these molecules or whatever this itself. And what are an, a allows us to step, we dont manufacture of biological molecule that we give to a person. But only like we give it like the planned building time to do so. And for that, and its, well, in the end it comes to the manufacturing, the building time for biological molecules. Its much easier than my mac manufacturing about a logical molecule itself. So we use like the body to say, you know, do with this, in fact, again, slides console or an Infectious Diseases against the virus. And this is much easier than to give it all the information already per se, so we make to give it the plan instead of the molecule. Welf, i just want to tell you a clip of a castle in cut, a co talking about that. How they matched by chance over a photocopy of the university of pennsylvania in the 1990s. The sound quality isnt great, but well, well give it a go. And of course, in 1997, we met as a copy machine. This was based on that and maybe you have to have some more copy machine so that people can send that in full but you know, due to move from the n i and i was already here in 1997. What are the years . 1043, message it on these things, and i break about to that, i can do what i need and who was interested in vaccines. And thats how our collaboration study. Okay, so it was a coffee machine. No, i 1st got my bad. This is Emanuel White. I bet that sounds like the stuff a netflix for them. We have to buy a cabbage. The bragging about to co us. I mean, even though theres usually we says, well, thats interesting. And even then they struggle to get people interested. So local serendipity do seem to be like a big part of scientific discovery, exact. It is an accepted a case and we have many subjects home possessed this one here. I mean, one of the most famous examples also the discovery of antibiotics. 90 years ago was, was penicillin that it was also discerned if it involves, but we always hear about like the Success Story like this one is here, but we never hear about these millions of stories where so its like id is weird ideas. And again, say that, but in the end when it comes to you know, like in science, you never know what happens out if a specific idea. You have to go down test. So the story about an oscar winning act. So being asked what winning an oscar means and he said that it could put another couple of zeros on his feet. What difference material or otherwise does a nobel prize make to a scientist . So many, many scientists now with a is if they get the nobel prize, its usually at the end of their career close retirement. But there are a few people for some of the through, sorry, the us nobel prize winner. He got the prize almost 40 years ago when he was about 40 years old himself. And he just continued like being assigned to. He wasnt very dedicated, very smart, very inventive. He invented a lot of things off towards, but he just carried them. And there are a few funny cases of noble prize windows as well if you google on the computer is he didnt know who the see. So there are indeed some noble prize winners. Hook up the bit, overlay sales, confident off the winning defies. And started embracing weird ideas, but these are the exceptions. Usually these are dedicated people that just want to do science and they continue as before. But so could you thank you so much for coming in and talking to us a Emanuel White viola from the max still lube center. But miller had mentioned, thank you. Thank you very much. I to touch your thoughts. They say they have detained 20 people with links to a code or some of us into a group that claim responsibility for sundays a Suicide Attack in the capital. And correct the interior Ministry Said the suspects were taken into custody in a stumble under provence, east of across the bottom because they started to work as possible. P k. K claimed responsibility for sundays blast the ministrys gates. One of silent blew himself up and another was shot dead by police for decades to see in the p k. K. Happy waging, a violent conflict of a code his rights into okay. This was a 1st bomb attack in ankara for years. So he also said 8th, where it was a said lovins that asked strikes and neighboring iraqs northern coast region in response to the attack. Speaking parliament shortly after the blast, the president that ventured typo to one of the ministry strikes could continue united. So let him was in home, our strategy does to protect our entire southern border with the secure, the strip of at least 30 kilometers in depth and to keep activities beyond that. Under absolute control remains intact. Of the new steps we will take. So, or just a matter of preparation time and environment, the autumn, thats why i want you to always remember that we may come unexpectedly one night. That does exist. Oh, what is was from the turkish presence of steven a cook is a senior fellow at the council on Foreign Relations and an expert on tech, and he joins us from potomac, maryland, in the us. A welcome to the w. Yep. Does the 1st attack, if im correct . For years i tell us about that. Tech is long running conflict with the p k. K. Or what this conflict has ended in floats is 1984 and the turks have been very active in going after the p k. K, in the condo mountains in iraq. And clearly this faction of the p k. K has determined that now it was a good number to strength. And there are obviously political reasons for the p k. K, to want to strike, to undermine any efforts on the part of the turks to repair their relations with their western allies. Things along those lines. But the suicide bombing aspect of it is something actually quite new for uh, for the p k. K. Its not something that we havent seen a progression of violence over time, but this is actually something, you know, something ominous that suddenly there has been a Suicide Attack in the heart of the turkish capital. Yeah. What, what does, what does this new tactic tell us . Is that the side of desperation . Well, it certainly is on an escalation, uh, on the part of, uh, this group. Whether its a sound of desperation, i think, is it unlikely mid circus military has been been bringing a tremendous amount of force against the p k. K for many years and has never been able to uh, eradicate or pass or radically the organization or pacified those areas that where the p k. K fond support. Um. So it strikes me that its a new tactic and you escalation but not necessarily a sign of desperation. And so where are attached ish codes that a mesa is very much sympathy or most to codes for the p k k. So i think its one of the troubles with the, with a, the analysis of this situation is that there is often an effort to link all triggers. Courage is kind of one model with a group in which they are actually quite different. There are groups within our target skirts, we do support the p k. K. There are others who are supporters of the facing. Everyones really just isnt it on the party. And yet others who are supportive of a predominately curtis legal political parties. And so its a, its, it is actually a, a richer political environment than is often made out to be um, but theyre certainly as a reservoir support for the p k. K. Among uh, turkish curious, especially after all of these years and all the violent repression that the turkish government has used against the curtis population, particularly in the southeastern part of turkey. So its all to say how this and this finally, because 0 you that the, the enemy moves around, does it . What if youre looking at this from a technician perspective, and there are a long hold grudges that its hard to say as a site, how this can just a complete full stop b, b port apply to this as well its, its not unheard of for uh, for people to beat their swords into plowshares, as they say. And in fact, in a previous incarnation of the turkish government, president , every one who was then prime minister, sought direct negotiations. And in fact began direct negotiations between the circus state and the p. K. K. A. Those negotiations came to a via in the, in 2015, but that doesnt mean that a negotiated solution is something thats completely i heard of, or that the parties are totally opposed to. That really is the only way that this was running by that conflict is coming through. Now neither the turkish state nor the p k. K have been able to advance their goals in any way in which they would, uh, the, which they could declare victory. This is a long running stalemate that has taken the lives of approximately 40000 people. We just sort of zoom out from this and just take a broader look at what hes doing because he does seem to be very active internationally at the moment. They have this problem in the p k. K basis and on syria to he, i think as a mediation between russia and the rest of the world in the ukraine. A great deal backing as a by john open a go to a camera back opposing. But finding a way to work with russia in serious, not to mention its supposed to libya, you and back governments against the, the east, and basically be a national army. Should we see these as piece meal responses to events on the ground . Or they pos of some role to took the strategy, or theyre part of the broader trick. The strategy is that, um, if you take it in its entirety, its clear that turkey sees itself as a Regional Power so that it should be treated as far as you know, with perhaps not the United States or china, but certainly on the same level with germany or, or friends, and that is a major power that can influence a Foreign Relations around it. And that it does not want to be seen as an appendage or asset of nato, but rather a power and its own right. And everyone has to be pursuing what can only be described as strategic independence, strategic autonomy. And thats why you see how active he is. And thats why you see the kind of balance between the 2, please nato allies in russia. Why it has gotten involved and been so active in the mediterranean with libya or be off in, in, in the middle east proper. All the way down into the gall turkey sees itself as a european power power in the caucuses, a power in the mediterranean power, and released and effect. But most of them have fascinating. Thank you for sharing those insights with us. Steven a coke from the council on Foreign Relations. Ill be your opinion unions. Foreign policy chief has proposed a multi 1000000000 your minute. Your support package. It for you. Right. Joseph beretta was speaking after a meeting of a new Foreign Ministers in case the 1st time the blocks Foreign Affairs council has convened. Outside a board. As im doing an active was in, is assigned to the state, a slanting and aspiring men, the the unprecedented visits of the use Foreign Ministers and it stopped it for them not to keep was a strong signal, looks on wavering. Suppose the crane. But even your presence, you know, so no domains and then ski renewed his appeal, pocketing on defense and the sanctions against russia. Okay. Yeah, keep up with them. With sydneys Foreign Policy chief use at burrell says that he was prepared to spend big to boost to cranes, minute treat capabilities. She watches, i propose a new by law to cancel and build up on the b and b facility up to find video for the next year, which is what we call we continue training. Okay, is on the target today is to bring 40000. 00 in the coming months. And this includes this specialized training training for the fight, the judge, ukraines foreign minister to meet true. Clara says that support is crucial. He may be shows that can be pretends greatest expectation is precisely that the waste and the world will tire of standing on this side. If you crank this war roster is directing, huge results is towards this and that we should not play along with them a lot of money. But when you figure why thing it does ukraine for pads for now, the winter on the battlefield. You saw the darcy is on smacking the result. And the message is, the ukraines feature noise within the block. My message is simple. No matter how powerful you are, no matter how much money you think you may have. No one is above the law. And it is my responsibility and my duty in my job to enforcing the laws both powerful and fragile. And today of course we will prove our case. I thank you all for being here. And again, just as will prevail. Thank you. So that was the woman who was prosecuting the case against donald trump that could threaten the existence of his business and pi. Thats a james will leave the state of new yorks case against alleging that mr. Trump inflated his riches so much and for so long that he defrauded the banks, insurance and others, his pots, donald trump said that said before the trial opened, betsy again is the victim of a witch hunt. And that the charges of politically motivated this trial was railroaded, addressed this draft and have been brought years ago. But they waited till i was right in the middle of the same with other trials, indictments rationally, our country is corrupt and thats one of the reasons are running. Were going to straighten it out. Well, even famine is an attorney, an adjunct professor at lawyer law school in los angeles. So welcome to the w. Lets start with that. But not charged for mr. Trump. He said that this case could have been brought years ago, and its only being brought now to upset his age run for the presidency. Is that true . As well as patton lee on its face . Its not true because this case was revealed to the public back in august of 2020, in a court filing. Therefore, he wasnt even running for president. And in the 2024 election at the time that we found out about this case. Now whether or not it could have been filed years prior that has to do with what the prosecutors knew. And when here is the attorney general Leticia James and were not aware of exactly where she knew when, when, but we know that again, based on that court filing in august of 2020, she had sufficient evidence to begin to proceed with this case. Long before he ran for reelection in 2024. Okay, so now we have this civil case. But last week we had a routing from a judge about mr. Trump or his organization had inflated hes Companies Work in order to get access to loans. So a judge ruled by last week. So what did that judgment have to do with todays case, which is just off a or right . So that is a ruling on something called a summary judgement. A motion for summary judgement is part of the litigation process, where in this case, both sides said that there were more than enough facts in the record that are incontrovertible that the judge could make a ruling on the face of the evidence that have been collected as thus far, and in this case the judge ruled against donald trump and his attorneys and ruled mostly for the prosecution ag. James, saying that on the face of it, the evidence showed that he had committed fraud and had inflated the business valuations, and therefore, based on new york state law, he began the process to revoke the certificates to do business in the state of new york. So thats on the law, but there arent not everything was decided. As i said, it was a personalized summary judgement so that the trial continues today. So what would a guilty verdict in this trial . I mean, for donald trump, so right. I mean, that would really be what i would call a stake through the heart of the trump enterprises, if theyre unable to do business in the state of new york at all a for at least 5 years, i believe is what the law is stating and gets a anywhere up to a 1000000000. 00 judgment against his various enterprises. Prohibiting donald trump, his sons, and a several others that are named in this litigation from doing business for at least 5 years. His ability to make money from real estate will be diminished greatly. However, as of today, he continues to rake in tens, if not hundreds of millions of dollars from his very rabbit based of supporters who see that all of this is, is the opposite of reality. Right . So when the vast array of civil and a 91 criminal charges are facing the form of prizes and how does todays case stucco against them in terms of importance . Well, i mean this is very important. However, it is critically important to differentiate between a civil case such as were hearing today versus a criminal case. A criminal case like he is facing around the january 6th allegations, would potentially remove his, his liberty. And this is why we take the standard of proof that is required in a simple case is much lower than a criminal case. A criminal case is beyond a reasonable doubt. Meaning, we have to believe over whelming lee, that the evidence means that you might lose his freedom to be put in jail or prison. Whereas in a civil case, its a per ponderings of the evidence, you know, 50 point one percent leaning toward his guilt. And he doesnt lose his freedom in a civil case. Ok, thanks that thats, thats very clear a 8th and bam. And who is an attorney . And i just the professor a lot of the school in the los angeles. We thank you so much. Thank you. To set you up to date, do make sure though to stay in touch i can follow out to him on ex, formerly known as to where to at the w use or myself. I to fill gail. It was the latest headlines youre looking for. Theres always that dw, dont have a good the isnt that bonus lead guaranteed the take off on d, w, our rivers and oceans are choking on plastic waves. The refuse gets into the water in many ways and causes catastrophic damage. How can we protect these important damage that 3 experiments in europe show possible solutions. Turning the tide on Marine Plastic stuff. In 60 minutes on d w, the imagine that youre eating a hamburger. And as youre biting into this juicy bird or your dining companion says to you, actually the hamburger is not made from cows. 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