That recently a figure was announced that here it is. The joint projects under consideration are worth 120 billion dollars. Would have looked more respectable, probably, but firstly, in yuan its almost trillion, so certainly a trillion yuan, and even more in rubles, and by the way, trillion is such a beautiful figure, because, among other things, we, together with our chinese partners, head the investment wing of the interrights commission between russia and china, this year there we also have projects that the commission is discussing. This is 50 more than last year, so of course, we must think more in national currencies, in rubles, in yuan, and we see that various instruments will be created in national currencies, we also plan next week to announce the creation of a joint fund with china in the aviation industry, which will be calculated in yuan, and we believe it will also become a very important joint fund between russia and china, where rfpi will play. A key role . Brix is now rumored, especially considering that it is possible that this organization will expand. By the way, we see new Investment Opportunities in this, and does china agree with us in this regard . Yes, but we believe that brix is certainly a very important association, and it is no coincidence that the most powerful interest of the global south, in general the idea of brix was proposed by russia, very important by president putin, and this is a project that turned out to be in great demand. Both historically and now, and the fact that saudi arabia, the emirates, and other countries are joining brix, this also shows the importance of this association. A few years ago we offered the brix countries a joint payment system, a joint Arbitration Court, and a digital currency, and digital currency, and we believe that both the Arbitration Court and the Settlement System are certainly is extremely in demand, and we believe that next year, when russia will be. President of brix, these and other projects can be implemented, because russia, many people forget about this, really are the lungs of the planet, we have so many trees and so many opportunities absorb carbon dioxide, that we can initiate a lot of climate projects that are important for the world, and of course, next year our brix presidency is a unique opportunity, including moving forward on the climate agenda for the whole world, how do you assess our cooperation with the middle east . Countries, i wanted to say, neighbors, not exactly neighbors, and not all of them, but nevertheless, why would i like to say neighbors, because we have Mutual Understanding within the framework of opec plus, a very good setup, well, of course, this is also the most important interaction, it is based respecting the fact that within the framework of opec plus we are stabilizing the markets, there are a lot of attacks on this interaction, but of course, the fact that the price of oil remains stable and predictable is extremely important, including for. In the sector, for example , with the emirates we have already more than 60 joint investments, saudi arabia more than 40 joint investments, in various sectors, and we believe that interaction with middle eastern partners is very important, because it is all based on respect, mutual interest, not an attempt by someone to someone else dictating something, this is such an example of positive, very creative communication, interaction, diversification here is not only wide, because, well, lets say, the average person has one view on this situation, here s oil, well, what else is there, we see, for example, that saudi arabia is going through a fundamental transformation, is actively investing in various technologies , by the way, there are a lot of Russian Technology companies in demand there, and we interact with a number of them that supply very important products, including in the field of artificial intelligence, there will be a lot of interaction even in the space sphere, because now. They are actively establishing their Space Program in the sphere of the peaceful atom, so there are a lot of areas for interaction and indeed we are increasingly opening up such joint opportunities, as we said, very diversified with the countries of the middle east and the global south. Recently, rdif has been able to invest in joint projects not only with foreign partners, but with our russian ones. Do you see any fundamental differences in this cooperation or not, i dont know, maybe the financial mechanisms are different, the amount of investment may not be so impressive, or maybe , as the level of return says, its higher. All investors, they want to see good. Russian investors, what is their advantage, sometimes they themselves bring deals that are interesting, they accordingly understand very well how to Grow Companies in russia, so they have additional competencies for growth in russia, Foreign Investors certainly have powerful competencies on scaling our companies abroad, and how to ensure that Russian Companies develop there, so these are very complementary. Very often in one and the same project also includes russian coinvestors, our international partners, so this is all aimed at obtaining a good return for the investor, but of course the creation of a company and the growth of companies that are extremely promising and important for people, at the Eastern Economic forum this year he said that then everything with geological exploration is not completely working out, here too there is something to work on, stupidly we see that in the far east only 35 of the subsoil has been explored, that is, there is also 65 of the unexplored subsoil, this is the wealth of every russian, the wealth russia, thats why we have teamed up here with rosnedra, we plan to attract private funds for geological exploration, so these will be our investors, these will be our investors, yes, who will invest in ours, we just usually do Something Like this when it comes to the subsoil , which belongs to the people, but we are still trying. Carefully, so that these are our investors , these are mainly russian coinvestors, ours and ourselves, and accordingly, this will simply allow us to develop a much larger number subsoil in the shortest possible time and attract extrabudgetary sources, attracting extrabudgetary sources is very important , it allows you to implement a much larger number of projects, and this is much more difficult, because you have to convince people to invest in the project, but this is much more promising, because more projects can be implemented as quickly as possible. Well, from the point of view of persuasion, you probably have to show some effort, the new economic reality and people are not so willing to part with their funds or is the whole situation changing gradually . Well, firstly, the russian economy shows very good stability, gdp growth is expected to be more than 2. 5 this year, and of course all industries are working very rhythmically, and it is also very important that our 100 projects have already been invested in. They show high, good profitability, so we have the trust of a large number of investors , i have already mentioned that some countries have invested in more than 60 projects with us, imagine, this is even more than creating a family with them, its like having 60 children, for example, who are successful, thats why this successful experience of working together, it allows us to implement further projects, because we all understand that rfpi is very careful, careful in analyzing projects, in choosing projects, in ensuring that profitability was there, and accordingly the money was multiplied and not lost. Kiril, thank you very much for the conversation. Thank you, kiril. Hello, its a decade of science and technology in russia. The ntv Television Company and the state Corporation Rosatom present the program we and science. Science and us, a program about how science will change our lives in the next 10 years. I, vladimir antokhin. I am vladimir antokhin, and yakaterina shugaeva, in 10 years russia will have its own lunar base. You just cant wait, right . Who believe that in 10 years russia will really have its own lunar base, this is alexander lazutkin, cosmonaut pilot, hero of russia, good evening, vladislav leonov, astrophysicist, hello, good afternoon, as per tradition, my guests are skeptics, well, maybe we, well no, i hope they do too anyway for us to have our own base on the moon, and alexander shirov, economist, good evening, and ilya polosin, design engineer, good evening, at the end of the program our guests are optimists, they will make a forecast with what probability in 10 years russia will have there will be your own base on the moon, but i have a personal question for you, as a child you dreamed of becoming an astronomer. And i look like a person who didnt dream of being an astronaut, it seems to me that in general any child always dreams of being an astronaut, and i hope it was nt like that for a while, honestly, just the last about 20 years, but i hope, now again every child, just every selfrespecting child should dream of becoming an astronaut, and you, oh, listen, i also dreamed of becoming an astronaut, but then i learned a very beautiful word generalissimo, then i dreamed of becoming a generalissimo, when did people even think about flying into space . Yes, i think they probably a long, long time ago, when they learned to raise their heads, how they learned to raise their heads to look at what was up there, they saw that birds were flying there, they wanted to fly, just like the birds, they saw something up there is happening in the sky, well, the moon appears there, they wanted to go to the moon, no matter how science says , from such and such a date, from such and such a year, we started thinking about. Into space, so, in principle, if there is literature lets see what it is there, juulvern, well, moonshots, when it was, it was the 19th century, in my opinion , yes, the 19th century, well, i think, a little earlier, when they realized that the earth is a planet, that there is space, there is a universe, that s how people got such a worldview, they then thought, it would be nice to fly, okay, vladislav aleksandrovich, well lets not talk about the whole braid. Now specifically about the moon, but how did the Lunar Program of the soviet union and the usa develop . The program developed quite difficultly, but overall very rapidly, because we all know that between the soviet union and the United States there was a powerful technological confrontation, which was also projected onto cosmonautics, as the most technologically advanced area, within the framework of this race in the field cosmonautics, naturally there was a race for the moon, so everyone, both sides tried to be the first to get to the moon directly from using automatic stations, photograph the opposite side, which we do not see, and, of course, launch cosmonauts or astronauts there, of course, this generally happened at great financial cost, but on the other hand, it was the race, not only the lunar one, but also which belonged to the field of astronautics, it gave a big leap, a very strong potential for the development of technology throughout the world, the echoes of which, in general, we are seeing now, the americans had a program for manned flights called apalon, yes, in total they had 17 projects, and launches, yes, some of them were successful, some not so much, nevertheless, the americans completed their task, as did we, well, we did not set ourselves a task in the first stages namely to deliver our astronauts there, but nevertheless, it was our automatic interplanetary station that was the first to land on the moon, we were the first to photograph the reverse side, and i would not argue that any one of the parties, the union and the United States, this lunar race was won because everyone had their own achieving success and, in general, on the scale of all humanity, of course, this was a huge leap forward , it is precisely this competition that contributes to it, and it is still unknown, yes, when we, not us, all of humanity would have reached the moon, therefore despite all the difficulties. Which were associated with these flights, these launches, i believe it was for the benefit of all humanity , in general, the usa, the ussr are a draw, and humanity won, advertising on ntv, dont look for him, its not worth it, a crime has been committed, the case must be solved , what are you, operational . Work got busy, its your job to file papers, well, if the fun doesnt increase , you have to do it yourself, now it was very offensive, get out, i said, get out of here, i wont leave without you, ah, its stupid, how to get married is the same i didnt have time, first department, new season, tomorrow at 20 00 on ntv. The program is on air, science and we are a program about how science will change our lives in the next 10 years, in 10 years russia will have its own base on the moon, and our expert, professor kapustin, believes in this. Creating a habitable base on the surface of the moon is the main thing today direction in space exploration. Russia and china, the usa, japan, the european union, india, and israel are trying to build such bases. By the way, one of our bases will be at the south pole, where there are water reserves. The proportion of ice in the soil reaches 10 . One of the goals of creating a lunar base is a jumping cosmodrome for flights to other planets. But most importantly, lunar bases, lunar cities are the salvation of humanity, because about the inhabitants of the earth, we can say that we live on a volcano, every year an eruption occurs on our planet approximately 60 volcanoes. We dont know when the supervolcano will explode, but we must be prepared to immediately evacuate to the moon. Alexander alexandrovich, why do we need everything as kapustin says . The moon to jump to other planets, or really to evacuate . Well, in fact, we need both space and the moon, first of all, in order to develop as a civilization, because many probably do not realize that the atomic, space project that was implemented in the ussr in the 50s and sixties years, it just happened a radical change in our country, our economy, because even. From the great patriotic war, where it would seem , in general, there was a lot of technology, in general it was a war of engines, we emerged with a rather primitive economy, it was precisely nuclear and space projects that allowed us to make a significant step forward in technology, in general, this was what the power of the soviet economy was based on in the 6070s, when it flies into space, is it like a locomotive for the entire country, for the entire economy . Well, yes, because in order to get there, just hit the moon, huge mathematical calculations, all this has actually moved forward and calculations, including machine calculations in our country, materials science, radio, radar, so to speak, and a lot of other technologies, of course, of course, and new materials, in general, in fact, this is development and the Chemical Industry and mechanical engineering, all related sectors of the economy, we just got a different economy as a result of taking several major technological steps forward. How did we close the Lunar Program then . But on the other hand, it is clear that this is very expensive, all the goals that humanity set for itself, not only the soviet union, but the american , so to speak, Space Program, and other countries, european ones in general, all these goals at that moment, in the late seventies, were achieved, not it was clear where to move next, how we achieved the goal that, so to speak, stood, man landed on the moon, automatic machines worked there. Many kilograms of lunar soil for research were delivered to earth, what to do next . Right now new tasks appear, for these new tasks, but this is primarily an economic component, so to speak, no, well, it is clear that a new step is required in the level of technologies used, and it is certainly required that now the Space Program does not just give us this technological a breakthrough, but also brought some. Quite tangible benefits, well, in the limit this is what professor kapustin was talking about, that is, in fact, such a innovation for, so to speak, humanity in the future, but in fact there are a lot of others more applied things, in principle, i could diagram it at the blackboard, a set of these, and at the blackboard i will show everyone what a beautiful suit i have, otherwise im sitting, no one sees, but here you can immediately see, well, real, just real in roscosmo. Its not really given to me, because its a little big, the main thing for which we need the moon is, first of all , to make life better on earth, so one of the key elements of this whole story is the observation of the earth itself, and climate processes, meteorology , but also a lot of other things that we need, and this skillful satellite of the earth is much better than any satellite constellation, it is stationary , we set up a base there, with telescopes, well, not necessarily telescopes, there are a lot of other, so to speak, devices that can do this, then we look at what is happening on the ground, and the military they may have a purpose, here we move into the field of law, in fact, in the seventyninth year an agreement was concluded, according to which the moon has approximately the same status as antarctica, antaktira is not the territory of any country, it is prohibited there military is active. All Economic Activities are carried out jointly by all world communities and this is important, but if we start to develop some minerals there, and this is the next story, that is, the extraction of minerals. There will be some deposits, yes, then we must agree on how we use them, in fact, what kind of minerals there are, but these are metals, first of all, yes, that is, metals that we can in principle, and there are some metals that do not exist on earth, rare earth metals, which are not very good, if the theory is that its just a piece that fell off the ground, it would seem that everything should be the same there, theres definitely no oil there, theres definitely no gas there, because its all the americans who are upset, yes, because these useful fossil these minerals, unfortunately, they are connected with the development of the earth, like yes, life activity, and in fact this is definitely not there , there are metals, there are gels3 these are the most important elements of new, modern fuel, yes, which can be used in number in thermoyed synthesis, lets say, yes, that is, this is the story about it, then, well, as it has already been correctly said, from here we can move like a jump airfield, and finally, there may be production activity there, because we can deliver these metals in the form there are ores there, lets say, we can smelt them here, now we are doing this, lets say in space orbit, yes, we can do it or in some Laboratory Conditions on earth, and there it will be possible to do it in an industrial nature, that is, in itself in fact, another element arises, the main question is, how much does it cost and how will these costs affect our lives , because of course we can implement all this, but relatively speaking, well be left. With nothing here on earth, so we ll discuss this later, but its just a question the question of what are the benefits and what are the possible risks of such a development of events, so to speak, no , it looks attractive, im already ready, thank you very much, eh, its a pity that not all cosmonauts are accepted , well listen, by the way, to the questions, to the question of cosmonauts, i i visited our friend here pavel, he has, oh, greatgreatgreatgreatgranddaughters, actually, squirrels and arrows, look at what youre wearing, like an astronaut, dont be afraid, dont be afraid, well, how good, what, and you one more, lord, greatgranddaughters, yeah, okay, while were fiddling around with reference books here, ilya viktorovich , what stage is our Lunar Program at today, well, actually, the Lunar Program consists of three stages, the modern Lunar Program of russia. Its ours, yes, it s ours, which means that at the first stage automatic reconnaissance is assumed, well, repetition technologies that were mastered back in the sixties, because after all , quite a long period has passed, and well, some things have been forgotten, some things need to be restored, so it is planned to launch several automatic stations to the moon. After all, its passed, im saying a lot of years to work on technologies and work out technologies again, can we land on the moon yes, absolutely true, unfortunately , but after the confrontation of such a great lull, many technologies like ours were lost, so they have to be restored gradually, but them too in fact, yes, that is, they also forgot, well, well, the new Component Base is so we need to try everything has changed. At the second stage, it is planned to create an outpost, that is, this is a lunar ship and a corresponding lunar station in orbit of the moon, and the third, and the third is the creation of the actual colony, base lunar with domes, observatories and so on, already with people, yes, i dont know, alexander ivanovich, but there are already people who are ready, who know that there will be a Lunar Program, who are ready to, well, start. Preparations to life on the lunar base, alone i know for sure, or rather one, i think there will be a lot of people who want it, but its true , its true, well, of course, its just one thing, but they train astronauts for the space station there for six months, some months, they will return, but its another thing they are told, you are now to the moon, no, well, if they say that guys, we are preparing for the moon, i think everyone here will envy those who will train according to this program, yes, that is, there will even be competition, how nice it is when people ready, alexandrovich, and what technologies are used today, in preparing the Lunar Program, and in general how much it all costs, it is quite obvious that in the almost 50 years that have passed since the last launches of our american automatic novna stations, technology has moved forward quite far, if we say, and the base that was developed in the soviet union under called barmingrad, huh . Bormingrad, why bormingrad, but because it was developed , barmin himself led this project, and it, uh, was the socalled barmin barrels, well, these are. Cylindrical modules that were supposed to be delivered there, now even from a modern perspective, we understand that it is in principle impossible to deliver such barrels to the moon, because the cost of delivering them will be, well, simply monstrous, colossal, yes, well, for example, if we say, launch a spacecraft, a satellite into lowearth orbit, costs about 50 million dollars. Regardless of whether we have the americans or the chinese, but to carry out a soft landing on the moon is already an order of magnitude greater, and if you count how many such modules are needed in order to make a readymade one, fullscale base on the moon, then the cost will be such that not a single more or less large state will be able to finance such a program, which now we already have. Other technologies, well, first of all , additive technologies, or simply people 3d printing, and those lunar bases that are being developed in our team, in our project, they are based precisely on 3d printing, you will print them there, yes buildings, yes all the buildings, this is not only our idea, this is also americans are also reduced to the same principle and the japanese and the chinese, well, in general, all those who, one way or another, will deliver the powder there , because it is easier to carry it out, no, no, this is another one of the basic principles, three basic principles that we lay down in the construction of lunar bases, firstly, construction using robotic methods, that is, no cosmonauts or astronauts will be there until the main structures, yes, they must fly there to the finished structure and simply establish the internal structure there to ensure the creation of a life support system. Second principle this is construction from material already available on the moon, that is, this is lunar regolith , or the bedrock of the moon basalts, after grinding them into a finegrained fraction, in general they are very well suited for the construction of structures on the moon, and just with the help of 3d printing, this construction will be carried out, there are different technologies, in addition to 3d printing there is also laser sintering and hightemperature sintering, in general, all these technologies we, one way or another , with our colleagues from other institutes we are trying to somehow master universities and test them as much as possible, and on the basis of these technologies we will be building structures. Now i will ask you to show them on the slide screen, yes, this is a prototype of a Permanent Lunar station if you look carefully, you will see that they consist from hexagonal modules, and this is the third principle that we put into our stations, the principle of multiple replication of these modules, that is, these honeycombs, yes these are honeycombs, that is, nature itself tells us how they should be built these structures, i know, we make nuclear fuel for Nuclear Power plants, they are made according to the same principle, yes, bionics is quite interesting. By the way, the americans make squares, nuclear fuel is all made in squares, but we are still following the natural path, yes, but the fact is that the more faces, the more durable the structure, and the eight faces are already joined together enough its bad, there are voids there, but hexagons are very good, now we already have a space of shapes of dimension, which you already put tables in there its still not clear how to print it there, these are the residential modules now presented here, these are the cabins of the company, yes, we are actively cooperating with us with the marhi moscow architectural institute, they are also working in this direction, in addition to the marhiy also the samazhsky polytechnic institute, the Moscow Polytechnic Institute , in general, young people, which is also nice, yes, yes, young people are very interested, by the way, there are a lot of people who are young people, students who want to study the moon and space, so i still hope that if. the Lunar Program will be at a decent level finance, then we will, in general, take a worthy place on the moon, and we will actively develop it, now this is unfortunately, this project is happening, we will get a generation of dreamers, again, well, this is so nice, by the way, but what can we breathe there, oxygen with you might have to drag something from here with you, well, at first , unfortunately, youll have to, yes, then if, in general, its really going to be big on the moon. Hydrolysis, it will be possible to obtain water, because water is the main resource, we are talking about the fact that there are a huge amount of minerals in space, so, but no less, water will be the most important resource in space in the foreseeable future, so mining of the moon will develop one way or another, good, but in fact, alexander ivanovich, thats all, thats all interesting, but were on to the most important and important question now , lets move on, theres always a question from the blonde, okay, youre not interested, but im interested, i still want to understand to get a final expert answer, were the americans on the moon or not . You know, when the americans were on the moon, i was as a little boy, i remember i was in the camp when the americans announced on the radio that they had landed on the moon, this is the year sixtynine, sixty nine, im 12 years old, so. I believed in this thing, but when this conversation started about that they werent on the moon, but i was already an adult, thank god, so i thought, well, maybe the americans deceived us, and me too, but that was such a stage, and then i began to listen these people who proved that the americans were not on the moon, so. I listen to them, they dont convince me, they dont they are convincing, because this is also the main question, so they say, in space everything is not like that, here in space they should be, here the stars should be visible, here they should not be visible and here, such a light and shadow situation, here is a rag , so she cant, she cant, she cant, guys, you were in space, you know, yes, yes, i want to ask them, thats why they didnt convince me, thats why i think that they were on the moon, they were, okay, no, i also think that there were, of course, but now advertising on internet, its infectious, it tears at your voice and nerves, beats per minute i cant count it, it brings me to wheezing, to goosebumps, to fever, to tears, we are all sick of football, cheer for football at the stadium, sign up for a fan card at gosuslugi. Ru mikhail parechenkov is returning, who is he, i will push you to the end, but dont be afraid, its difficult to scare a person who has nothing to do. National security agent, return of the prime minister, from wednesday at 20 00 on ntv, on air the program we are science, science and a program about how science will change our lives in the next 10 years. In 10 years, russia will have. Im base on the moon, how im so perky and optimistic now i dont even doubt it, okay, then alexander alexandrovich, you and i have already talked about what can be mined, and on the moon, but we still really havent gotten to the legal question of who will it belong and should we share it with someone . The Lunar Program cost the americans about 200 billion dollars, in modern money, and in modern prices, the soviet union. Its about three times cheaper there, probably, well, because there were different prices there, probably, but i cant say that its such crazy money, we have more money frozen, however, we have already flown into space twice, but another thing is that of course you need to have a system of priorities, this is a system of priorities, including the development of those riches or those minerals that exist on our moon, that is, this is who they will belong to and to whom they will belong, so we have already talked about the fact that there are legal ones. Agreement on use, including, well , not all countries ratified it, but those countries that participated in Space Programs, well, there was, so to speak , a division between those countries that were in the soviet bloc, those countries that were, so to speak, in the american bloc, therefore. Some developed economies or those economies that had some kind of space claims, they either ratified this program or, so to speak, signed it. Well, now , firstly, new ones have appeared, which seem strange to me, and most importantly, as practice shows , the anglosaxon worlds of globalism do not comply with any treaties, so what will we to comply with this agreement, there is such a character, the former president of the united pants, donald trump, who precisely opposed this agreement to continue to exist. He was just saying that no, we are like , whoever arrived first means that this and that slipper, yes, actually, that means, but once again, in my opinion, this is the experience of antarctica. And its research, after all, is a continent, a whole continent, which we could lay claim to as pioneers, so to speak, russia, therefore, acts as such, but one way or another, there is International Cooperation in scientific research, in research, so to speak, of the Natural Resources of this continent, and the main thing is that if you start dividing the whole continent, it is clear that this will one way or another lead to a rather serious aggravation of, well, foreign policy. We dont want to share anything with anyone, we comply, but no one except us observes them, the main problem is to prevent such a new new type of star wars, which i might just add a few words, now, well not now, some time ago, the americans signed the artemis agreement, this is a kind of continuation of the expansion of this agreement, which is an agreement on International Space law. Principles of state activity on the moon, and in general to a significant extent these principles were included in the artemis agreement, which the americans signed with their allies, these are the emirates, and japan, and a number of other countries that have russia, china is not there it was, although initially russia was present there, but conditions were created, russia itself left, uh, not arranged the positions she occupied there, well, in general, in my opinion, this was specially provoked by the americans, so that neither russia nor nitai would participate there, and uh, one way or another, in order to master moon, it is necessary even for large states to cooperate with each other, the americans will cooperate with their allies, russia will most likely cooperate with china, and for good reason. For example, in last years report the Intelligence Department of the United States department of defense, appeared in it, appeared very clear theses that for the United States, uh, russia and china are the most likely competitor in space, and what is most interesting is that russia and china are considered in conjunction, that is, not separately, not separately. They do not consider either russia or china, and one way or another, russia will still have to cooperate with china in order to cooperate, because alone, and in general, developing the moon is quite expensive, it is, firstly, and secondly, far away not every country has all the technologies to make it possible to build the moon its not difficult to master alone, well, well share, but ilya viktorovich, what kind of Breakthrough Technologies can we expect in connection with the development of the moon . Well, in fact, Breakthrough Technologies, well, there may be a lot in this regard, well, the development of new horizons for Building Bases there , well, firstly, bases are built using 3d printing, yes, that means this is lunar concrete, and in general 3d Printing Technology large buildings, buildings, and so on, that is, on the ground, too, in principle, it is now being developed, they have even printed an entire house, thats right, well, the chinese are actively printing, well, its true that here we have our own concrete, and there our own concrete, which means it technology, that is , the development of artificial intelligence, because after all, we assume research by automatic machines, that is, these are Neural Networks and so on, strictly speaking, the same minerals that, well, they want to get on the moon, this is the same helium3, yes , in fact, it is used for medicine, mainly now, that is, this is energy this is true, this is a possible future, it is environmentally friendly very kind of fuel for thermonuclear stations, but when is it such we will have thermonuclear stations, we dont even have thermonuclear stations yet, so maybe they will . Sense of developing a station on the moon . Well, maybe, maybe, but by the way, how do you get energy on the moon . Energy, well, its a nuclear reactor, most likely it will be, or a solar battery , but whats the point, the moon in general is an artificial satellite, a natural satellite of the earth, which is always turned to the earth with one side, so a day there lasts half a month, that is 14 days no. 14 days is the day where to accumulate so much energy from solar batteries, for the night, batteries, batteries, storage devices, which we now and here do not have enough of, yes, but they are very heavy, in any case, all the batteries are, that is, the method of accumulation is not clear, that is, most likely these are really some kind of portable Nuclear Reactors they will power the lunar base, cool, we are now building Nuclear Reactors , in egypt, in turkey, and we will build, i will have a business trip to the moon, you still wont calm down, okay, okay, just to scare you a little, yes, vladislav alexandrovich, and any dangers. Threaten us here on earth if the moon actively develops . Well, i would say that it is the moon that will be the source of all our dangers, and although there are, of course, quite a large number of dangers on earth, and the moon just might, the moon can be considered as well, if not an outpost for all of humanity, at least like a certain ark, such. In general , they no longer seem futuristic enough, because if Economic Development and , accordingly, Carbon Emissions into the atmosphere occur in the same way as now, then of course, yes, these increases in temperature, temperatures on the surface of the earth by several degrees, they will lead to this forecast, alexander ivanovich, this is really about what to bring from the moon, here the cosmonauts, when they return, passes some kind of quarantine. So as not to bring anything from there, or when there too, no , firstly, this happened before, when these americans, when they returned, they naturally ended up in a quarantine, quarantine zone, now we end up in a slightly different quarantine, we wean ourselves off terrestrial bacteria in six months, in a year the creatures of flight, how to fly do we have to wean ourselves off terrestrial bacteria for six months . No, were going there, im saying, now were just now. Going through quarantine in a slightly different way, were afraid of the impact of earthly microorganisms on our body, which has already forgotten how to work with these microorganisms, so now quarantine is in order to prepare you for life on earth, gradually reintroduce it back, but the cosmonauts pose no danger, and also, by the way, its interesting, im always i thought, it seems to me that time still flows somehow differently, for example in space , and what is further from it . Is it true that astronauts either age faster, for example, or, on the contrary , get younger, there is no such thing, well, thats what they get younger yes, yes, yes, it was einstein who said that the faster we move, the slower our clocks go, but we are earthlings, they sit on the ground, well, they rotate with the earth, there at their own speed , and astronauts fly at speed. That is, we are still getting younger, although its still its physically hard, its hard not for yourself, but its the preparation or being at the station, well, physically, thats another question , hes like that, well, for me it was a little hard , that is, there is a period of adaptation to weightlessness , theres a week or two there, for whom, or rather, the whole day is you you walk around with a feeling of nausea, plus your head hurts, plus your back hurts, but something needs to be done, keep moving, and what to do when all this hurts, you re used to it, your body gets used to it, it gets used to it and youre already in wednesday, like this probably like being in heaven, because. You can fly, your head stops hurting, your nausea stops , you cant fall, you cant break something, well , bump, everything else, but you can barely bump, by the way how they move, underwater we somehow row with fins and hands, and then what are you rowing with, i cant understand, in order to advance, well, yes, it wasnt enough, they dont give us fins, this is a flaw, really, but how to get there, if i need to get there ahead, what should i row with, this is what to row with, but youll take it for. Not like on earth, well, there is a ceiling, there is walls, there is a floor, its done like this in color, yes, but in reality it doesnt matter , and its done so that its somewhere close, like always, the house is long, but narrow, like that, yes, and you, the handrails are made here , they are everywhere and you can easily grab the handrail for it. This is how you can push off your fins, and no one has tried it, by the way, but the latest development is patented, but how, for example, you need to eat once a day, or you can eat often, or, well, its a whole story, with food, with food everything is there its normal, how we eat on earth is not a whole story, but im still different im interested, but i saw how, uh, when we did the research, how does this work , how does this esophagus work, this and this, how does it fall . So i looked at the gen machine, when i drank special water there, i saw how the water pours in, it falls there , its like there, it falls there, so no one in this esophagus grabs this water or food, but when we swallow food in zero gravity , yes, yes, no one grabbed it there, but it reaches the stomach, i dont know how i didnt see these muscles. I didnt see these muscles, here on this esophagus, that is, a person is generally adapted for the moon, on the moon, on the moon , but there will be fewer of these problems, and there is at least some, they will eat anyway, but the main thing is that there will be less nausea , its faster, faster to get used to, by the way, but you need to be at the station, when , well, now, well, i just understand, theres no time, its just really, you have to do sports all the time, there are some machines there every day, thats it, thats it, this. Is necessary all the time, because muscles, muscles, they are generally very lazy, lazy creatures, moreover, they are at least at least in my mind they, that is, my muscles have always resisted me, i tell them, we need to go to the gym, and they say, we dont want to, but we dont want to, so good, that is, you have an obligation there for 2 hours , three hours a day at the gym, twice a day we train before lunch and after. We honestly give away lunch for an hour, where to put the dirty clothes, oh, this is not a problem, we have disposable clothes, but where is this one, which is used, no, you put it all away, it then returns to the ground, tries to return, but the cargo ships on which she returns, they burn in the dense layers of the atmosphere, and well, okay, all your clothes burned there, they dont reach us, but how can we wash ourselves, but we dont have a soul, we dont have a shower, well, we have a shower, but we didnt have, in principle, there are showers, there is a shower cabin, uh, at the station, at the station at the mir station , there was even a steam room, the cosmonauts did it, ours did the bathhouse, its not a problem to create conditions such as on earth, so that you can wash , how to breathe, now this is not a problem, this is no longer a problem, that is , we wont disappear on the moon, there will be a bathhouse, i generally im ready to get even younger, now we need to work out the technologies for creating these structures, how a person adapts to this environment, to microgravity, and whether he can even exist in such conditions, because on earth we know that we have our own gravity, on the iss there is gravity missing, this has already been well studied, but we cannot extrapolate this specifically to lunar microgravity, which is 1 6 of the earth. Therefore , you can only understand how everything will exist there and evolve there by directly placing it there in this environment human habitation, lets take a break for a moment, thats it, excuse me, please, advertising on ntv, military personnel under contract receive Regional Support measures, the status of a combat veteran, exemption from land tax, a sanatorium, vacation twice a year, and other benefits from the state, its not easy here, but here everyone is united, here everything is for the sake of a common cause, here everything is fair, serve under a contract. On air Program Science and us a program about how science will change our lives in the next 10 years, dear guests, optimists, skeptics, i have a question for you all what is the likelihood, in your opinion, that in 10 years russia will have its own on the moon. Alexander alexandrovich, your forecast . I think no more than 10 . Why . Because it is very expensive, just because it is expensive . Well, 10 years is not such a long time. In fact, 10 years is a blink of an eye in terms of developing technologies, and such complex ones. Space, that is, in 10 years we will only remember how to fly there, well, yes, there will be some kind of space missions, so to speak, yes automatic, but that would be the basis, i think, what if i asked through . You would probably say 100 , lets talk about 10 years, after all, 10 years 10 , thank you very much. Well, i want to see this base, i think 50 50, 50 50, no, why dont i pretend that astronauts will live on it right away, no, the main thing is that they will appear there, yes, yes, yes, in in general, 50 , thank you very much, well, in accordance with the Space Program, it was planned there in 1935, thats the base, that is, its not 10 years, well, a little more, 12, thats it, but considering that several years have also passed since that time, well, 10 years have passed since the start of the implementation of this Space Program, then i also have a probability, well, 1015 , but the Space Program is progressing slowly, so far, unfortunately, yes, lets give it 15, okay, 15 , thank you very much. Despite the fact that i take the position of an optimist here, i would voice a figure of the order of several percent. In addition to building a base on the moon, it is also necessary to solve a number of problems, well, firstly, we do not have a Navigation System on the moon, and for in order to begin largescale construction on its surface, we need a Navigation System, of course, not as largescale as on the ground, but at least, well, a simplified semblance of it, it is now. But it is being developed quite slowly and without a Navigation System we will not be able to implement a fairly accurate landing on its surface, and if we cant calculate the exact landing, then in a large ellipse its about 15 by 30 km, all this will be scattered, all these landing stations will have to be assembled somehow, yes, but for this you need more equipment, equipment, graders, excavators, cranes, etc. , accordingly, the cost of the Lunar Mission will be. Theres still a lot to get there, yes, and secondly, in general, a transport system is needed, now many people are thinking about on how to create space elevators and similar tether systems, this is, of course, quite a tourist thing, but nevertheless, the americans and japanese are already actively working in this direction and are trying to somehow implement this matter, so i would, in general, well, as for the forecast, i have already voiced it, this about a few percent, no more, well, 35 , round up to ten, but if you want , yes, well, hardly, hardly, so i would of course give a figure of about 30 years, this is a more realistic figure, and if so , that we will film the program again, no question, we will film it well , yes, well, my position is this, well, in general, for now its five, let there be five, but no more than 5 , thank you very much. Volodya, with a 20 probability, in 10 years we will have our own lunar base on the moon, and yes, russia, yes, in fact, its still a good forecast, because that it is obvious, yes, that the further, the more, we were talking about 10 years, and in 20, in 30 years, yes, there will be more, but the point is not even in the base itself, but the point is that we are doing this , that i so dream that we have a generation of dreamers growing up, that. Again they dream of becoming astronauts, of course, not some bankers, nor some, i dont know, to have some stupid cars, something else, and a generation that will look at the sky, into space and dream about something great, our common, big, beautiful, well, so you also felt a little like cosmonauts, and i felt like that too, heres a complete