quick operations to seize cities has failed comprehensively. so they're reverting to type in the form of combined arm operations and that means bringing in lots of heavy artillery, long-range missiles and rockets, air power, and bombarding cities into submission. they did it in grozny in 1994. and that's the way they're going to do it here in ukraine. and the tragedy is of course that so many civilians are going to die. so i would expect to see the russians move their forces from the south towards the north. now that the russians seem to be making headway in the south. and from the east to meet up with that stalled convoy along the north. and then you will see, to put it bluntly, hell unleashed on ukrainian cities. >> yeah, it doesn't bear thinking about. i mean, the thing is throughout this -- i mean, there's been sanctions. there's been more sanctions. brutal sanctions. but how does nato and others