Transcripts For CSPAN Living On The Moon And Mars 20170818

For humans to live on mars, including my billing like building a village on the moon is better than humans living on mars. The space corps operative in pasadena hosted this event. Thank you for being here and being interested in living in race. It is not what i do for my day job, but it is what i used to format earlier day job and it is got into this. This is why elect to talk and argue about it, and hopefully we will do a little bit of that in the gym russian. I am here to talk to you today about the man and what humanity could and perhaps should do on the moon. Normally, or about mars i will not talk very much about mars. I find it on interesting. You can ask me about that in q a. On the first chart, let me see if i can get the laser going maybe this is off. There we go. This is the earthmoon system to scale. For those of you who might want to go to a planet someday, the planet you could go to. Days, and 12e people have been there and there will be more in the future and they will not english. Speak a they probably language extremely hard for us and very few people learn it because they are spoken it is spoken on the other side of the world. This is a remarkable thing in the solar system, which is a double planet system. Our moon is far, far larger compared to earth than most moons are compared to their host anplanet. Ofre is a whole set hypotheses about why the moon is there. There is another set of about it consists what operates and functions of the planet. Many years ago, there was an author and visionary who publish about the Human Development of space. Some of you may have read his work. He was fond of saying if god intended man to explore space, he would have given him a m oon. In fact, we have one. My purpose tonight is to give you a sense of the kind of things that could happen. What i want to argue is the reason it is relevant for you is not only could happen but they could happen in our lifetime, even in my lifetime. Hat is exciting to think about what is moon village . Here is the head of the European Space agency. He had an amazing vision a couple years ago, which he called moon village a doesnt mean a place with a church and a townhall and so forth great what it is is what you see here. Notion that multiple actors by which he means governments, companies, investors, and so forth can all come together but do their own thing in a place where they share resources and capabilities, which gives them safety and critical math. In my analysis, i conclude it is not really a single location, there are probably a network of locations linked through transportation systems. This is a very compelling vision, not just technically but for the reason he is promoting it, which is it is more practical for the global space bearing community than a human to mars vision. The reason for that is virtually every player and race today can todayipate in space can participate in a man village. Kind of a modern western concept. This is not a nation eating their trust in trying to flagspete each other for and footprints and headlines, this is a community of nations and commercial players operating other,r, supporting each providing each other services in a community, which sounds a lot like what we do oon earth. What a weird place for a village. However you define a village. It is a pretty desolate place. Im sure it is even more magnificent when you are standing there, and i hope you so someday written as an architect, i want to talk about some of the strange places where we build cities. The first thing i want to say about this is, as you heard a little for my bio, i thought about this and written about this for a lot of years if your interest in, there are a lot of papers going back many years that we can hook you up with where you can learn more about this. Let us talk about where cities happen. Here is one on the arabian for many that was lost years. It was a city of legend until it was discovered by imagery from space at an intersection of trade routes in what is now the desert what was once a limestone environment full of water. And had the unfortunate attribute that they built the fortress over top of this. Hollow, it is limestone caverns. That is what makes the shape or the radar dish is. A collapsed into the underground caverns oneday and then spawned the legend oof ubar. Here is machu picchu. Or thees offspring of captors were sent to be indoctrinated into ink and philosophy. It is a very strange place because it is built on the top in a valley next to the sacred valley of the incas on purpose to be an accessible. If location was hidden so well that the cookies to doors con discoverers never found it. 1000 years before the greeks. It was built on a volcano, which up, perhaps blew leading to the legend of atlantis. We are building a new settlement there on the edge. This is sintering santorini. Both of thesen places. Houston and washington, d. C. Sometimes rebuild cities under sea level. This is new orleans. You can say the same about a lot in holland. Here is where we are today. Pasadena is right about ther this is a seismically activee. That needs water from other parts of the state in order to support our lifestyle. This was the station fire in 2009. Here is one, a city of about be0 people that happens to on the north slope of alaska. Youd on the why this city is here. The point is cities occurred where there is economic activity. That is why they grow where they grow. If we are going to contemplate any kind of edelmans on another planet, any planet, even a very close planet like the moon, you have to ask a fundamental question of who is going to pay to stick a city on another planet. If you cannot answer this question, it is not going to happen. That is just a harsh fact of life. It is not the loss of physics laws of physics. What is interesting about a man village or a settlement on the moon. There are four types of things you can use people for in space. True they are. There is the one that the u. S. Government has only ever been interested in, which is exploring. There is the one that most people were enthusiasts actually mean when they are enthusiastic about space, which is getting the chance to go and experience , see it, witness it, participate in it, and write about it. There is an activity that if you enthusiasts are interested in, which is extracting resources from it for the benefit of earth. And then finally, there is an even Smaller Group of people who probably want to actually just go and live in various places. Experience,ore, lloyds, or expands. Or expand. The fascinating thing about the moon is you can advance all four place. E in that one it is the only place as a human destination in the solar system where all four can come to play. In the analysis i published last year, there are six principles that i think government village activities. The first is about science. Lunar science is fundamental. You all knew this because in star trek, there are only three colors of shirts. Command, engineering, and science. In the interesting one is the science color, the blue shirt. That is why it is blue here. That is fundamental because we 1 6 basically nothing about gravity. You know the hopping gait you see in the video of apollo astronauts . 1 6 is not because of gravity, that is because their suits were so stiff, they couldnt spend their joints. We dont even know how people let alone all the other things you have to do to be a person in an environment like that. We just dont know. Next, is what i call the practicum. That is because we know nothing g or operating on the surface in a vacuum. Needhe Little Things you to know about how industrial processes work inhouse systems he hates and how humans operate biology works in that environment is pivotal. You may learn you didnt like the answer but you cannot know go. Before you experimentation is required. Because the knowledge is pivotal, the fourth principle is if you have that knowledge and Something Else wants it, you can sell it. Economicsbasic law of , and i think that will become an engine of Economic Growth of any type of settlement on the moon. Five is resources. If you are not producing something you are exporting to somebody who is willing to pay for it, you are not growing. Might be a hobby of the butrnment or a foundation, you are not going to grow. You cannot grow unless you are extracting wealth from something new and exporting it to somebody else who is interested in. See,s for the divisions we to get to that level of sophistication even for a you need a0 settlement orientation. That covers your choices for lifesupport technologies. Physical chemical or biologicalbased . Which is more scalable and robust . Governs your choices about Construction Materials and where you get them and what you bring from home. If you dont choose to have a settlement orientation at the beginning, that lowers the bar for all the kinds of things you have to do because you can just bring stuff from home, which is far cheaper than developing it there were expecting to depend on it there. So, those six findings are principles that came from a set of finding in my analysis. I will not bore you with all 12, i will just show you a couple that are particularly provocative. Number one, technically we could do it. Aerospace the Global Enterprise with the capabilities that exist around the world. We could do it. Here is a comparison. The International Stage station space station. An amazing accomplishment. If you reduce it to its essence, its power production, its laboratories, it is a way of getting back and forth. Be a shuttle. E to it could be a dragon, but it is some kind of shuttle. What is the moon village . It is always think the four things we do not have today. A way to get back and forth between the earth and the moon, a way to get to the surface and backup from the surface of the oon, a way to build and , and then a way to extract materials from what we find there. This alone tells you that if this thing costs 100 billion even because we have most of these things, if this only cost 50 billion, then you have to spend a whole other program to get this stuff. Humans toreason why mars is unaffordable and will remain so. All these things are necessary for mars as well and mars is really, really far away. But here is finding number two. There are rules for all of these players. Heres what i call the big for government agencies. Acea, the european sp agency, the Chinese Space agency, and the Russian Space agency. Then there are others and then there is we call industry. Old space and new space. The point is, all the things to do in England Village are so diverse and interlock in such a way that there is room for everybody. There is more than enough work to do for everybody to play. That is an important consideration for building a community, a practice, and a community of progress. Export. Equires you have to export it to somebody who is willing to pay or else you will never grow. This is what i call the topline Budget Constraint problem. Is 20 billion a year and it will not double or go up by a factor of 10. All the other space agencies together are about equal in some to the nasa budget. If you expect to present any element ororse settlement, you need money from somewhere else. Where do you get money . You get it from other Capital Markets and entrepreneurs. Will they buy . What would they buy . Wantn space one might gases and things to breathe and so far. The terrestrial ones might want and things wets are much more familiar with in the tourism and entertainment industry. Those are the things to export. I have never yet come up with anything other than this list. What is interesting is the scale. You can probably find a couple hundred Million Dollars worth of science that governments are willing to pay you. You can find an order are magnitude more than that, still constrained by the governments topline budget for what people are willing to buy from you to use in space, and then the real money comes from the terrestrial market. This begins to give you a sense of what it would require if a man village were to be able to village were to be able to grow. The practical stuff has to come first. Environmental management means learning how to operate in that environment. Industrial operations. How do you do production scale stuff . Build things, fix things. Kitchen science. For years i said, you cannot have a space hotel until you can cook and on that and make a martini in space. Nobody knows how to do that, by the way. Nobody knows how to do it. That would be a great reality tv show. Experimenting in the kitchen on the man. Imagine the accidents that could happen. That makes good tv. How to live and do all the things you know how to do for a community of people. The thing nasa talks about which is preparing to go to, which is thi ea all of these mars. All of these things need to be learned. Finding seven is learning those and expense of the amount of experimentation because it is on the moon. It is expensive to get there and back in function and survive. All that stuff has to be learned an expensive if your muscles they. Once we know what we could get for the moon and how well and fast could grow capability on the moon or settlement for moon, then the growth comes from group three, the commercial guys. Theyre making stuff they are selling to each other and to everyone else. Government investment is enabling the commercial but commercial enterprise controls growth. The future i am painting for you in my mind, optimistic. Probably didnt seem that way to you. But i think we have learned many times in many fields that the greatest optimism arises from the most critical visions. By critical and envisions that can become real, that meet the requirements of reality. In a world in the world we live in where we see things on screens that appear to be real, realistic, they give us a sense of what is real that may or may not be true. It is best if we actually understand what is true, what must be true, what cannot not be true so that the visions we fashion and work on together and realizable. As were great things come from. Things that are not just visions but there actually built and they happen. That is how the nation happens. That is how technological cess happens around the world. I dont mean to be a wet blanket. N mars what must happen without which visionary things cannot happen . With that means is taking this place which we see all the time in the night sky and humanity has seen since you it was ing and reviewing it this way. This is a map of the moon but it is emblematic of appreciating this other place with a surface area as large as africa is full of resources, opportunities, questions, unknowns, and chances for explanation, for experience, for exploitation, and for expansion. I will stop there and ask you guys for questions. There is one already. Then we will get to the gym in a in ae of minutes the jam couple of minutes. Thequestion is about potential for manufacturing on the moon. Oh, we have a roving mic. Ok. Questions,e asking please ask on the mic. Where the potentials for manufacturing from the moon . It completelys depends on the utility of what can be manufactured. As an my favorites, architect, is there is a lot of needed iron. Particles of reduced iron because of hydrogen in the solar wind. There are particles of iron that can be extracted magnetically and used to make things out of iron, which is an amazing thing. It is a thing we havent done for architectural purposes on earth since the late 19th century. It might even introduce a whole new aesthetic, architecture made of rock, cast, stone, and iron. I personally find that remarkable. In terms of exporting stuff from the moon to some other place, there are two. When is using lunar materials, metals, glasses for this construction of solar power satellites. Forother would be things for earth directly. Because itium three is the fuel for one Nuclear Reaction that might be usable in a fusion reactor for power production, although there is innty of helium three sea water. Breaking the skillet up and use it for energy on work, then you can strip mined the surface of the moon. The other is rarer elements, which do exist in some concentrations on the moon, particularly on the Northwest Side as we see that your side of the moon up in this area. Event may know the most Common Source of rare elements honored today is in china. Is most common use widespread in advanced technology things. Every screen and all your cell phones, and the magnets that make them Wind Turbines will work out on the way to palm springs for clean energy. We get all that fancy stuff from china. We could get it from the moon. It is unknown whether that could ever be economical and that to enable a Growth Market on the moon. Addressed the material and elemental part of the question. I yield the mic to the person behind me, but i would like to follow up with could you address possibly the aspects of low gravity and the unlimited amounts of solar energy . Solar energy on the moon is unlimited, but in most places on the moon there is a twoweek day night cycle. Energy storage is a challenge. Im intrigued with the possibilities of 1 6 g construction. It doesnt have to do with gravity, it has to do with maintaining atmospheric pressure. Build structures like the on earth. That is like living inside a pressure vessel, only in reverse. That is tough in high risk. But it can be done. As with base station is. Inside a large pressure vessel, which we dont know how to make, one could build secondary structures that are extremely slender because of 1 6 g. There are essentially no moon quakes. There is a kind of the setting of lunar architecture that is fascinating to imagine. Let us go to another question. Which side of the moon would you imagine people wanting to village . Nd establish a the dark side, and the light side. Those are probably really hard to live on. There is a dark side in the lakeside they change all the time. The near side of our site are extremely different and we dont fully know why. That is one of the reasons why we need to do more explanation. The far more rugged and it has a scientific benefit, which is it is in the radio shadow of earth. Havent see the noise we on earth. Newhole opena window of understanding earth. We dont want a lot of people to run a Radio Telescope facility. Is place i would want to be where ive the earth in the sky because, how cool is that . Be and theit might terrain, it is even cooler with earth in the sky. There is a psychological significance there. I can remember which astronaut howas, but one talked about potent it was to blot out the earth with your thumb. Did that simple act something about making them feel really alone and distant. And so, what might that mean for Human Behavior and how people learn to get along . I dont know. There are a lot of aspects of Space Architecture that are fascinating, too. It takes of which is only one person to sabotage the life of the entire settlement. Death is on the other side of the wall, which is not something we are used to here on earth or. Thank you for a great talk. Entertainment industries being involved. How do you see just the development of a settlement being influenced by the fact that it may be just an amusement part of the earth . Anddid mention the baseline basic installations would have to be funded and done by a government agency. The next step would be really supplied in industries in previous experience in this new kind of exploration adventure for people in order to have money funded into it. Hi d. C. This affecting the development of a settlement how do you see this affecting the development of a settlement . You cannot even get started with the investment of all of and governments. That only gets you this kind of sort of like antarctica. They are doing scientific exploration because by treaty, you cannot do resource extractions in antarctica. Beyond that, to get a growth trajectory, they only put money and if they expect to get more money back at. I think the. Is a robust i think the experience economy is a for growth. E i dont know how many of you have taking cruises on large group should. Ships. Ie there are these large ships with thousands of people and people pay for the experience of going on the ship and doing that stuff. Is,answer to your question if and whenever that happens, it will completely dominate Everything Else on the surface of the moon. It will be the engine of growth. Is resortpingstone hotels in earth orbit. A lot closer, the right of your unique sensation, experience, playing with your food and zero g sex. Is the view out the window the most unbelievable in the solar system and it changes all the time. To me, that is incredibly marketable. We now have the beginnings of an industry that is trying to break into that. Envision different futures, depending on where investments are focused. If they are focused on a project that takes 30 years and costs 11 and eventually get six civil once, thatsmars a future. When might be the same but you have tens of thousands of ordinary people flying is if every year. That is a very different future and it opens doors to other kinds of futures of the first one maybe doesnt. Each of those four dimensions that i showed on the early chart leaves you in a different place or to a different future, depending on what you choose, where you choose to put your investments. You guys are going to cut me off to the gym at some point, right . One more question. Oh no, that means i have to pick. It was the first. 32 feet below ocean is what atmosphere, so we go many atmospheres to the bottom of the ocean. It is actually more dangerous to be in the ocean. Being on ships, the titanic comes to mind. Was, have you had ane an analysis of how much gallon of hydrogen and oxygen would be worth outside of the that it would be selfsufficient . What would be the rate of return for traveling people out there . That is a fabulous question. The answer is no, i have been so not because it is a function of , which youmarket have to dial in. As you may know, most of the literature about the use of space resources is use of those resources in space. I used to live in alabama, that is what we call a self licking ice cream cone. You are getting money from somebody whos money comes from the nasa budget anyway. Until you break out of the like paradigmace that is theers answer to your question. If you need that hydrogen and thenn for a propellant, that is a whole different Value Proposition than nasa needs hydrogen and oxygen to go to mars. How the jamtly sure works because i was not your for any of the prior ones, but i think i am supposed to introduce the topic and of letting go, right . And then it is you folks that are jamming. I will read you a couple of sentences that she pulled out of wet my old papers it back to me papers and quoted back to me. You for yourthank attention and interest. It is fun to talk about it. [applause] ok. I promised her i would be provocative. Is the measure government agency. In 1958 upon its creation, nasa was a new agency focused on the scientific frontier. Within just three years, it was charted to deliver a miraculous achievement of significance, and nine years later it did. Those were heady days for a young, technical bureaucracy. Nothing seemed impossible because the impossible was being performed. Of apollo 11,ph they average age at nasa was 28. 4. So the question to you is every april 15, you pay for your nasa. What do you want your nasa to be . How do you propose to get there from today . Actually having watched the apollo land as a child, i remember and enthusiasm. Is an agency that has a great deal of selfdoubt. Something like that how do we rejuvenate something where you have that middle school pessimism . And we have more planned. Rojects to produce are vital free oxygen that you dont have to pay for. An important consideration right now is based off the fact that many of nasas projects i dont want to say oneoff but definitely not massproduced. The future is going to require ofh more massproduced means getting there as well as massproduced environments in which we can live, so the consideration i think right now is if we should be making the investment in lowering those ofts via the consideration producing many more of these than we currently have, so how to bring down costs, if we should wait as these projects progress or start making the investments now they stuff the expectation of future demand. I think one other thing to within the often political spectrum or political structure, every four to eight years, nasa is almost to a certain extent given a different role. They become many politicians pet project, unfortunately. Accomplishries to bigger projects, they are minimum 10 years long. The difficult side is convincing politicians that it will take 10 us to do years for what we are trying to do, and please aligned your vision with what we are trying to accomplish. Some senator or congressman might say they want something because itdone benefits their constituents, but it might affect the Overall Mission architecture. It might affect or impact how to execute the mission. Think the political site is a big hurdle, big challenge. See the politicians can longterm value and what nasa is trying to accomplish with each program, it might benefit and enable nasa to move with greater confidence. I agree with you, but one has i was a small child watching these missions go up, and over the , i realize now we are so afraid to do anything which is remotely risky that we just keep on doing similar things within the focus of an incremental increase. Nasa was always trying to do something beyond what we have done, so it has always been costly, so we should be ready to take risk, and it should be public mandate that they should accept our significant risk. People are not acceptable of nasa taking risk, but they are acceptable of elon taking risk taking risk. If they understand how we feel, then they would be ok with nasa taking risks. In that case, do you think that nasa teaming up with some sort of private Visionary Companies such as spacex, for example do you think that would promote public encouraging . Asa taking risks yucc it is true people are not that liberal when it comes to spending that much money on high risk when it comes to failure. Do you think spokespeople like elon musk or im definitely with other private companies, but if those Companies Get involved to some degree, do you think that would make it more popular with the public . To you want to answer this one . You might know this better than me. But we already collaborate a lot. In my opinion, we already collaborate a lot with industry, but i agree, the more collaboration we have, the more the public might see us as a partner. Withready collaborated spacex on red dragon. But i agree, in future, we have to collaborate, and that is just the nature of the game, but still, missions which are oneoff for nasa, we still need. O make that happen how about making a philanthropic nonprofit and do a huge Kick Starter Campaign with actual goals and minimal safeguards . Nothing governmental safeguards where they are a phrase afraid of losing everything, but how many do devils are out there that want to get in these contraptions and jump through hoops and all that . Take those individuals and cook them up to that challenge, so when you donate to the kickstarter campaign, you are actually getting a tax write off from the beginning. You get 30 or 40 feedback in other words depending on your tax bracket, so give 100,000 away in the group, you get 40,000 back in tax advantage. It is a way of circumventing doing the big, International Kickstarter and having individuals risk their lives as we do on the planet already. I just want to drop one more thing into the jam. Aat is when nasa was brandnew bureaucracy it was a bunch of government labs that were pulled together and called nasa and given this job a couple years later. I think it is important to ask what job they were given. Notice in my statement i did not articulate that. What they were not given is the job to put boots on planets. Thats what they think today. Thats what the whole community that grew up around nasa and its ,ission believes is its mission right . Boots on planets. That was not the mission. The mission was to in there is the soviets on the world stage of Public Opinion because of countries that were in the process of deciding if they wanted to follow the Democratic Path or the socialist path. Thats the job nasa was given. It used apollo as a way to do it. That was the task that was mission,r it to do its and its mission was a geopolitical mission, so the question i think we might want if we want our Space Exploration agency to have the kind of centrality that it the to have in life in 1960s when i was growing up, if we want the mission that it does to be bold, as nixon says, and do some of these amazing things, we have to ask ourselves what is the geopolitical agenda . What is the urgent issue of today which nasa and human spaceflight alone can answer . I think it is very hard to match with just what we hear nasas assigned Mission Today is. What geopolitical agenda is being solved by that . As mentioned before, nasa is a mature agency. Any entity that matures, it is time for a life cycle to shift. That said, these days, i think nasas best suited for defining a vision and providing the earthbound infrastructure i. E. , spaceports, much in the way faa manages airports but does not build aircraft. Theres plenty of other entities that step into build the spacecraft if nasa would just provide the vision and an environment to allow them to explore, and i think that would be a better role at this point. I completely agree with regard to the political motivation of nasas founding. I think the big issue right now with regard to issues with taking risk is also just the nature of Government Organization any organization, really, within the modern day and todays economy where any sort of slipup, any sort of issue can be forever immortalized on a computer server somewhere and immediately picked up and scrutinized, which means that mistakes can be blown out of proportion much more easily than, say, four example, in the time of nasas founding. It might not necessarily be the fact at time has gone on and complacency has set in, although that could perhaps be the issue, but i will not comment on that. I think it also happens to be a product of the times we live in. The question is if it is possible to counter that using that very fact, be it a pr campaign, more Effective Marketing to create within the the nasa which we wish to see. Two we had time for one more closing remark in this first jam session before we go to the next segment . Another thing to follow up on nasa being the product of time, it is also a matter of context in terms of right now, theres a lot more attention and in terms of opinions and in terms of the in distractsroup, which attention toward things that are heart, so to say, so a person who is unstable in in acknowledged situation or their social logical situation may not be as inclined to think like outer space or Space Exploration, which seem to be pretty far away if you put those things on a scale, and because of the economic maybe not problems, but definitely difficulties were experiencing and this polarization of opinions, it is very hard to make mental space for consideration of things that are ended farther away. All right, and that concludes our first two jam sessions today two jam sessions today. I want to introduce the next speaker. I want to see a couple of things about her. A really good talk about the moon, and i think this discussion is about to get really fired up because this is about mars now. Susan joel has been involved in areas of space exclamation exploration, health care, a defender a should for many years, and she is president of mars academy usa, mars without borders, and the space surgery institute. She is a Space Research scientist and an alumni of Singularity University and International Space university. Susan is trained in astronautics simulation and Analog Research us in. I do not want to say too much because shes going to tell a lot more. Susan . [applause] [applause] space station to Lunar Mission control, we are pleased to say the crew has landed. The falcon has landed, and we are all happy and safe on the martian surface. Over and out. So, hello, everybody [applause] you are probably wondering what was that all about . First of all, put the microphone on. All rights, thank you, thank you. All right, so, i was told that this is very interactive and so i have toand engage the audience, and, of course, i am excited because we have people from all over the country, maybe all over the world joining us tonight, so im going to say hi to the virtual participants and welcome. First and foremost, i am interested about human life, the evolution of humanity. And, yes, im talking about becoming a martian or to become the space explorer, traveler, go to the moon, go to mars, go to venus, go to whatever destination beyond earths orbit. First is the vision, right . That is the in destination, but that can change, and it will change, but what is the most important thing about this is vision. The journey itself, the experience that you encounter, the sharing because that is what makes us human, right . The sharing of experiences, so thats what im here for, but also, i am here because i am such an advocate of trying to inspire people because why . People i was inspiring when i was a little girl. It does not matter how old or young you are. I want to talk about something really exciting, especially now at this juncture in our humanity, in our human evolution, the possibility because everything is aligned. The fact that people are so fascinated about space and off world planets. It does not have to be just about mars. Im just using mars as a point in the distance. It could be to the moon. Why . Hadr many decades since we Neil Armstrong, first human step on the moon, there has not been that many people that actually had this experience. In fact, many people have had the opportunity to even have a little experience what it is like to be an astronaut, so thats why im here today, and thats what i had in doing for many years. Openingpassionate about , of having an experience, being part of the unique experience of becoming an astronaut. Maybe you are not actually going into space right now. But before we get to that point, we have to start somewhere. Educating, about empowering, about encouraging, be about having people excited, like i have. I want to be part of that. I want everyone to experience that, so, yes, i am all of the things that were just said about i am an earthly world o be an off whatever the planets name is you want to call it. A martian, a moon person, venus, or even for me, the chance to go. O lower earth orbit wouldnt that just be exciting, that possibility . And it can happen and happen within our lifetime. So, with that said, my topic today is about and here is a long title mars analog astronautics Simulation Training integrating exponential technologies for martian satellite. Now, dont focus on one word. Its not about that labeling, right . It is about the experience. Us human,t what makes having experiences and sharing those experiences and the knowledge we acquire and the skills and what can we create . That is what excites me. That is why i want to excite every single one of you and everybody out there in the Virtual World out there. Get excited because this is such a unique time. The first disclosure of course that you mentioned this is my passion. Its not work, it is something im driven to do, and that is why i want to inspire people. If it is work, it is work, but if it is something you are so passionate about, it does not matter. It is something that is just a deep calling. After my many years of doing all these Different Things, it culminates right now to these organizations. What im going to tell you about the work weve done has been supported by these organizations. Look at that, right . Going to be interactive, and i want to be. Just shout out some adjectives, anything, just some reaction when you see that, when you see that image. What does it conjure up to you . Some words. Awesome. Stunning. Out of reach. Possible . Impossible . Ok. Well, actually, theres crew there. But its great. Nothings right, nothings wrong. The reaction, the possibility. The fact that humans working actually got us beyond earths orbit and onto another planetary body. It happened in 1969. Thats why im here. Back then, they thought it was impossible to get to the moon. We are going to do it, but they achieved it. That is an example of a human endeavor, determination, having no, i do not want anyone to say it is impossible. But it is hard work. Space is hard. Life is hard, you know, but that is what makes us who we are. It makes us strong because we are the explorers. There is something in eight, intrinsic about the makeup of who we are that enables us to discover and the curious, always pushing the boundaries. That is pushing the boundaries, but that was in 1969. Thank you for that wonderful presentation. We will get back to the moon, and it will be permanent this time well, we will be coming back to infer to and fro. Are going to build a village there. And that is the start point. Too deep space, to mars, and beyond. Within our lifetime, my lifetime who have seen Neil Armstrong stepped foot on the moon. What does this conjure up to you . Look at it. Spend a second or two. Just look at that. Like i said, do not think of the end destination. It could be for the moon, right . They are going to need people with different skills and multiple skills that enable the vision of permanent settlement in space and on a planetary surface. Does not matter what the planetary surface is or cheer station or whatever, but the fact youre going to need experienced people, and youve , and you havened to understand how it affects the body and the mind. Thank you, i have to give credit to nasa. You cannot just get these posters free, by the way. This ifw do you support you do not have the financial backing . Here we go, right, potentially one of jobs, and that is the ways that we will have to drive this vision. What im doing is, yes, we need you. We need astronauts, and we do its likenauts, but you say, it is impossible. Even today, right, after many being anthis field of astronaut is so competitive, you know . And this huge demand, but little supply. It is so untenable. People like me want to change this paradigm, and thats why we engage in this new specialty of astronaut and training this new generation of analog astronauts, which means it has some familiarity of similarity to some system or model or place that you want to replicate, right . So of course we are analog astronauts because we are not actually doing anything in space, but we are an analog environment on earth, which there are environments on earth that look like mars or the moon, so we do these fully immersive simulations in these environments as though we are living on that planet loss planets surface, so thats what were trying to do, train nextgeneration analog astronauts. And we want to inspire imagin rs creators, astropreneu wow, who has heard of astropre neurs . Put your hands up. Its a new industry. For people who are enthusiastic. Bout space now for the first time, the whole paradigm of you do not the linear track concept have the you are able to make that concept into a reality and make that yours. Of a new industry this will also allow it to fuel this vision of becoming a multi planetary species and a permanent settlement in space. That is what we are trying to do. Its hard work, yes. Take people who have been involved for many years. Expand it out. Inspiring people who are not interested in space may be, or not interested in academics may be an saying you can still in gauge. You can still have an experience. It is about providing experiential learning, integrating Exponential Technology because that is the. Uture of now it impacts the way we live, the way we think. It really has changed. You know what they were using . The ibm computers. You saw that movie hidden figures. A whole room full of computers. Just look at what you have in your hand. Exponential technology. His is the vision how we get there we dont know, but what we tried to do was a nextgeneration. Literally here in an analog role on earth, you can be part of something unique, be part of a unique experience and have sense of what it is like to be an astronaut living on another world, right . Anothery to build paradigm. All pioneers we are all pioneers in some way, shape, or form. How we live together, Work Together, new humanity, new civilization. Of like without borders, right . Without psychological borders, without religious borders. If we can imagine that. Happen. Ake this the capabilities that enable us to live, not just on the in space, thrive planet. That is what is really about. Heres an example of Different Things we do. Technology is technology were each year, the power and of the speeds are doubling, which is what has happened to the ibm option on the Apollo Mission to what you have in your hands today, and the cost is dropping in half. In other words, the younger ,udience out there and here its about the exponential really, its not about the doubling,4, it is exponential. It is applied to many Different Things. Data processing, robotics, these areprinting things that not only impact us, but if we really, really want to make it up in space and build a permanent colony, these technology will enable us to do that. Hopefully the video works. We going to start here. Audio. Ok, so theres no audio. Astronaut crews out in the Desert Research station. Do we have any volume . Examples inyou some the visual way of what we do, what we engage in. Se Analog Mission crews not working . This is where the mars Desert Research station is. They have been there for over 13, 14 years. Every 16 months, they bring up crews. A lot of scientific work and concept development, but most important, it is about studying isolation confinement, the psychological issues. Im going to stop this because theres no audio. Ok, can you tell me how this can i get out of this . The robot programmed to do yoga with us, because that is something im very much on board living in space and maintaining wellness. Right now i think that is one of. He most prime concerns with the delay in communications, how will the crew actually managed to effectively take care of themselves if there were a medical emergency, a lifethreatening what happens then, what are the procedures, protocols, countermeasures if you have mental issues and psychological issues during a mission . These are all very important things. Factorshe most limiting that prevents humans to live way beyond the border is a psychological issue. Why . You can always find solutions when it comes to the engineering or the technical you can find a way, but you can never ever predict no matter how much you are testing that individual, the crew makeup, no matter how much testingto undergo psych , you cannot definitively say this is your optimum crew, and under the most of your conditions they will be a bird able to overcome it. You just cannot. Studying Human Factors and behavior is one of the most, i aspect if weling really are to succeed to be able to live off world beyond earths orbit. So what is an analog astronauts Simulation Training . Basically, we go out into these that havets on earth mars, but,rities to really, they are laboratories. It is a sandbox, and opportunity for us to play and do things. Ight , but a Natural Environment you are out in the natural world. Here are some examples. You can see this is the utah desert. Now they have expanded it and built the simulation. Mars and the moon is a simulated dashcam camp. Have a sister station , but mainlytica they do a lot in here. The nasa high seas, the simulation exploration is entering its fourth year. They finished a oneyear exploration. There was a crew that was confined and isolated in this for oned base camp year, and they finished recently and came out, so it would be interesting to see the data. I just mentioned all the things and an Analog Mission. We really need to address the psychology,h, the looking at the individual and their crew cohesion and performance, and depending on the duration of the mission isolation confinement. Heres an example of some crews patch. Ir mission. Sually, there is a commander every Single Person comes in with more than one specialty there is always going to be a mciver macguy ver. I think it is really important to have that person to have those traits to be part of the mission, especially longterm mission, deep space, and when you are living on the early pioneers pioneering the settlement. Heres an example of what the makeup of the mission is. This is the crew, the analog astronaut crew. Just like nasa, right, when they and, ofission up to iss course, to apollo, you got Mission Control and youve got these people working remotely either working directly with the astronaut or doing the behind the scenes, and here are some examples of what we have been doing over the years. Trying to train nonmedical how do you intervene when there is a lifethreatening and you cannot have communication to Mission Control . What do you do . What are the protocols . We have to develop these measurements. Do you think im going to get any audio . Its a shame, really. This is an example if it works. This was a little promo trailer. I also want to show you it is fun, too, because if you do not have fun with what you do, its work. But, no, its fun. I what to show you video of crew 145 and the fun we had. What do we have here . There we go. All right. Looking. Its a shame. We shall have to imagine it. Ok, no . No audio . Ok, well, anyway, you can see visually a lot of things that we do, so when you are part of the simulation crew, you do a lot of extravehicular activities outside the base camp, and then we do a lot of stuff inside as well. Food we look at how to grow food. We put ourselves in a full situation. To water. T ourselves at the two weeks, a whole month, we really, really plan this out. And here, im through thequickly medical if you. Ive been working on how to develop countermeasures in the medical scenarios, right, that would probably happen, high possibility of happening, of humans going out into space. It is a very risky place, an extreme environment, so what do eva and you went on an somebody got injured . Here we are incorporating technologies, the nano satellite would be able to give us georeferencing to where the different elements come together in trying to rescue the different astronauts. You can see you have, like the rover emrs. It does not matter, the concept you are trying to play around with. You have something that was able to geolocate the astronauts, and you have search and rescue teams on the road, but then you have to do triaging on the injury side. Theres a lot of things. I list them there. We can talk more about it offline or after the presentation, but it is important to be able to, you sow, develop and clement, this is a very important aspect of analog training, Simulation Training, so you can see part of what we did was here are some pictures of several crews, search and rescue and triage, and im telling you, even wearing the backpack, the helmet it literally does work. It gives you ventilation, and there are other groups. A really full high fidelity spacesuitanalog and is being developed. It would be great to actually in simulation, but it is difficult. To be able toard do this, like pick up an instrument with gloves on. It is so hard. It is so difficult, let alone having to coordinate with crew members. We did a lot of these things during the simulations, and that is something i just feel it is quite important to do. Then the idea of, like, how we were looking at triage pots. Triage is when you have to evaluate and assess a person to see if that person is medically thate, in what condition injured astronaut is, and then you have to ask what we do now, what is the next step based on your triaging assessment and evaluation. Just different ways tot we are testing out evacuate. Over there is the typical justover maneuver, and being very imaginative that is what it does when you are in this environment. It allows you to think out of the box. You have to, right . When you are challenged with a problem, it is something you have not normally been challenged with, so you have to think of new ways. It is a shame, really. With this is an engineer inside the house and she is controlling the rover out there outside the ande, communicating controlling the rover to do a search and rescue. It is a shame you cannot see that. Engineer. Great he had this rover that could carry up to 300 pounds. Im trying to say you have to be imaginative, be creative. E tested it out with the rover this is something that we did telemedicine and telesurgery. We did a scenario with Concordia Station in antarctica with the medical team, and they guided the nonmedically trained crew how to do intubation on of course, not a human, but a high fidelity manikin here, how to do intubation, how to do basic surgery, suturing, and this is the medical team in Concordia Station actually watching us and toding the nonmedical crew do the procedure, and that was really interesting how that worked out. The whole point is this is applicable, right . Iss, whatn the happens when an astronaut gets injured right now . What is the procedure . Even if it is a medical crew officer that got injured and everybody else has very limited medical training. This is what we are trying to do, so it is very epochal. Very applicable. Course, integrating Virtual Reality and augmented reality trying to Optimize Mental Health and awareness. Realusly, you have applications there. Something that i think of as a specialty in terms of integrated medicine, has a huge body of peerreviewed research. Yes, this actually can be used to build the Wellness Program of astronaut in the future. Im running out of time, so i will not go too much into it, but with 3d printed tools, and we actually use it in our surgical procedure to train the nonmedical crew team, and we actually developed down here prototype mach four. That is another thing about being an entrepreneur. We started with the idea, and of this is a portable 3d printer solar powered with laser cutters, so that is interesting, how in these environments, you can also learn to be an astropreneur. A moonrs explorer or be explorer or be a venus explorer just be a space explorer. Be a human explorer. What im doing is i want to say to people what we are trying to do is open this experience for basis where it does not matter what your background is, does not matter how old you are, does not matter where you are from or what your religion is. It does not matter. Thats not the point. We want to give you this experience. Of course, you get the training, you can come in for a longer duration. What we plan to do is go to antarctica or everest and do these missions, but of course, highly qualified trained analog astronauts, but the kids out there, you can have a chance to have that experiential learning and to participate in this, so its not just for the very few and for the government astronaut corps, right . Thats what im here for. Thats what we are here for. Thats was space corps is here for. With that said, i think i need to open the jam session or something, right . So my question is because im such an expert in technology imaginehow can you Exponential Technology can open ae portal to make multiplanetary species and one day to settle on a celestial body . Oh, it doesnt matter, we ran out of time . How would you like to continue . Ok. Questions . I want to ask about or i guess it is make a comment, which is sort of a question. With a focus on humanity, as you say, and imagining a human future in space, is it possible that one of the exponential i willes is the call of the microscopic biotechnology which is going to reshape us such that by the time we get to places like this we . E not what we are today what does that mean for humanity and the future in space . Great question, but let me ask you this way were you the you areterday that today . Were you the same an hour ago that you are today . Right . Think about it. What technology is going to change us, but we are always changing. It sounds really corny, but that saying the only thing that does not change is change itself. If we do not change, were just going to stagnate and die, right . Not just as a species, but the planet. But the planet will always be there until the sun dies. But, actually, theres a finite end to the planet. We do not know, but we are going to keep changing. We say Exponential Technology and think of it in a positive way because you have a havee we always choices. You can think of the bad things that happen to us and to you and to the world, or you can think of the good. Its your choice which side you want to take. I speak for myself. I choose to always think positive. That is what has driven me and people like myself to keep going , no matter how hard, no matter the challenges and people stopping you or whatever. A silver there is lining in every dark cloud, and im going to keep going. I believe in the good of humanity, and that the Exponential Technology no matter what shape or form or how it is going to come or how it will be integrated, it does not matter. That is not the real question. Do we want tos keep changing, or do we want to just stagnate . Right . Belief. Ust my own with thanks, thats a great question. Thank you. Technology is a strategy we need to go to places. You end up doing advances in them, you end up on this rail or this arc becoming exponential, and technologies on the aerospace side are not exponential for a reason. It might be risk. It might be cost, money. So they can be used and grown. The memory on our iphones is decades ahead of the memory used on spacecraft. Things like that have to be. Iscussed and thought about i dont see that happening like that. Thank you for that question was that a question or was it a statement . I like that, of course, that you situations. N that is your worldview, and its great. I do not know what the main answer is, but i agree with what you said. We have to find solutions to be able to overcome limitations. To be able to Work Together as a collaborative team. The whole point of what we are saying is you cannot just be a little niche on your own. You have to work collaboratively. That is the new paradigm. If we really are going to create and we have to this point , i saw Neil Armstrong step on the moon. I was only nine, right . I remember rotary phone, right . Look where we have progressed, but it was not just one personir one discipline. A lot of people with a lot of components, a lot of things that went into it to allow it to grow and evolve, right . Yeah, there is problems and challenges in every discipline. Right . You know, so but you are entitled to your thoughts and i think it is great. For me, i think we have to Work Together. We have to be a global conscious collective without borders. Until we can break the borders, i do not know if we can on earth, so entrenched in the way that we live on this planet. I think that is another aspect of why i am so passionate about it is not so much i want to run away from earth. You just want to run away from earth, why not just focus on earth . You miss the point. The point is what we are doing is it allows us to think outside of the box, challenges us. Every new paradigm we create, with technology, it can have direct benefits to life on earth and improve the quality of life on earth. We yeah, we want to do want to evolve to have a new civilization. It is about the progressive evolution, it is humanity really. The most exciting thing for you young kids out there, i am just like ixciting was so excited when i saw a man land on the moon. This is a juncture in time in our own evolution, in our own humanity. We can literally, literally go out and back into space. Not tomorrow, but you know, maybe 15 years we can be back on the midsummer right brett . If we can get everything together, financing, people together, the great political you know, factions. Even people who are planet deniers, like the climate deniers and of those nonbelievers. We have to embrace them and try to say, why do you think this . It is about communication. Breaking the borders. [indiscernible] dr. Jewell thank you for that question. I think we will leave it to the audience for one last comment. Dr. Jewell give me a great one. [laughter] what was that . Anyone . [indiscernible] um. You go first. Thank you. Dr. Jewell ok. I just wanted, i guess talking about the whole thing how these products can benefit humanity as is, i think the idea of leveraging Artificial Intelligence with regard to material science and bringing it into exponential growth or improvement in the technologies, leveraging Artificial Intelligence can be really important. Fea software for the element based Analysis Software in recent years really revolutionized the various engineering industries. There has been an enormous difference, but anybody who has used them knows that they have tons of limitations. I think that Greater Development and the more that Computing Power increases as time goes on, it will allow us to do truly incredible things with regards to bring in the cost down and Encouraging Development at a much more rapid pace. Dr. Jewell that is an important, you know oh ok, there is another. I want to make one last comment about human psychology. If you are on a spaceship traveling to mars dr. Jewell yes. Or to the moon. Or to the moon or somewhere. I imagine it would take a lot of effort to Work Together and even being stuck in a confined space would really cause a lot of turmoil. Dr. Jewell yeah . I am just wondering your opinion, if we travel further than the moon, what would it take for people to work out their differences, because it might be consistent of people from other nations. Dr. Jewell so like i said, you know, one of the most i think, for me, the most limiting factor to really manifest us becoming and settling permanently on a planet is the human factor. The human factor is the most unpredictable, the x factor. That is what i am doing and that is what these emotions do, these simulations missions we study Human Behavior and we study crew cohesion. We study the psychological aspects of confinement in this kind of setting, right . And that is important. These are important prework to do, because out of this you can develop countermeasures. You can develop the devices or leastts or whatever to at help you to manage any issues should it happen, and probably will, and probably has on the is s. With human conflict. Studying also about health and wellness, forget the psychological, but youre being. Your wellness and your whole existence as yourself, your inner universe, it is also about self empowerment. That is why we want to encourage people to learn about who they are, because if you do not who know who you are, how do you feel you can work with others. Here on earth we have a tremendous problems and most of us do not really know, or have the time, or do not want to, that you should take your journey inward before you take a journey outward. To really be successful to people the visions like like us who are so passionate about this and really know that we can achieve this, because our potential as who we are as explorers will allow us this. Until we can break down this journey of selfdiscovery and self empowerment and awareness, that is going to be a huge challenge to do long Duration Mission and live on a planet permanently. [indiscernible] dr. Jewell thank you. Mr. Sherwood i think on that note we can close out. Thank you again everybody for coming. Thank you to the guest speakers for taking their time to come out here. Do not forget to take out your trash and recycling. Help everybody else out here. We are staying late to close this out and hold this event. There will be more chatter afterwards, so feel free to move closer to the door as everything gets cleaned up. Contact,nds, keep in and see you next time. Thanks guys. Announcer here is a look at our primetime schedule on the cspan network. Starting at 8 00 p. M. Eastern, cspan sits down with health and Human Services secretary tom price. On cspan2, but tv with the books and authors who have written about president ial history. On cspan3, American History tv with events from the recent Gettysburg College conference, including a discussion on Union General george meade and the experiences of escaped prisoners of war. Cspans coverage of the Solar Eclipse starts at 7 00 a. M. Eastern with the washington journal live at the space of five center in maryland. Goldman, Asean Research space scientists, and the chief scientist at goddard. At noon, we joined nasa tv as they provide live views of the eclipse shadow passing over north america. Then at 4 00, viewer reaction to the rare Solar Eclipse over the continental United States. Live all the coverage of the Solar Eclipse on monday, starting at 7 00 a. M. Eastern on cspan and the cspan. Org. Listen on the free radio app. This saturday, we take a look at preparations for the first Solar Eclipse over the United States anin 100 years. Plus Mars Exploration and more. On cspan. Earlier today, secretary of state Rex Tillerson spoke to summer interns at the state department on his commitment to diversity and hiring practices. He acknowledged current racial tensions in the country and offered ideas on how to recruit more minority, female and young candidates. At the top of his remarks he confirmed that one american died in the recent spain terror attacks. This is 20 minutes. Sec. Tillerson