[inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] we ar still dash is a great pleasure to welcome new tubalcain this and the codirector for the center 21st century security and intelligence with my fellow director we welcome you warmly to the institution. It has ben the college to the underlying want term American National power is prosperity with the Education System where young individuals can excel in science and Technology Engineering and math. But as noted by scholars here at the brookings, a stem intensive industries provided 7 trillion in added value so it is about 17 of gdp is the principal driver with growth and exports for renewals it will d only increase for the 21st century and given the reality of global and connectivity the promotion of the stem related skills are not recognized and that key point that Influential Group from the policy arena. Unds this underscores the urgency according to the u. S. Department of education United States is falling behind internationally indus 22nd in science with industrialized nations. It is proficient in math pursuing stem careers. Free wished to preserve the United States as a focal point of innovation of technological achievement, such trendsivers must me reversed quickly. With the increased to develop initiatives for the future inventors but technologists were never more apparent. But to examine our educators and policymakers can better promote step in the workforce and get a better understanding where it could be implemented. Nd also what is currently being and with the case to trial education and are there other initiatives in place to reassure those who graduate with degrees are equipped with the appropriate employment skills necessary to lead to successful careers. We are joined to have two distinguished guests to help us understand to providee important insights i will give a of a brief intro and by their key to the future of the United States to provide introductory ricksem been a discussion and then go touche q a. Were on the record we do welcome cspan. Nto the and now to the biographies of our participants. Charles bolden nominated by president toboggan and confirmed from nasa and began his duties july 17th 2009 you need take nationwide nasa team to advance mission in dingells to the Space Program as an administrator he has overseen safe transitions to a new era of exploration to the International Space station and led the agency of the orion spacecraft but also support the mars mission it has established to develop cutting Edge Technologies and his 34 year career in the record of 14ol years as a member of the Nasa Astronaut Office and then would travel into orbit for times and piloted two of them and also with the Hubble Space Telescope in the first joint russian u. S. Flight that included a member of his true that is a cosmonaut. For inspiration and recognition of science and technology d is an advocate for science and technology and first to be intertwinedchnoy with the practical use driven by his special determination by so doing to change the culture of the United States. S. He holds more than 440 patents many of medicalde devices expanding Health Care World wide as aneg undergraduate he invented the wearable pomp beguine exceptions for chemotherapy neonatology and dendrochronology. In 1976 he founded his first auto medical device corporation. Nded the later he developed internally generated inventions to provide research for Major Corporate clients when of his proudest accomplishments is the founding of first dedicated to motivating the next generation to understand use and enjoy science and technology. Dawson of knowledge we had a young group of scholars here better fellow executiveho fellows but i believe one is joining us it is a young marine corps not in the presence just of two great marines but Fighter Pilots in for us to be in their presence as well. And i also mentioned and never missed the opportunity to do preparations i looked up at the television there was neil tyson in administering bolton and the nature of the technology that included with me to produce a flying car. I never miss the opportunity and amazingly you could speak turkish the was on the wrong channel. [laughter] so we will have opening remarks i will invite the into show is a video. It would take me away lager to explain first then the official video it is their rated by Morgan Freeman and with the world of super athletes i said will you help us . So we put together a short introduction. He did this for five years ago now we have 46,00046 schools but you need to understand i am an inventor reluctant the same problemsth as everybody else and 25 years ago when it was still urgent in the industrialized at world we always talked about there is a crisis in education i said no. Not even those years we have Great Schools and in great universities so whats the problem . And very small group cares about that in a free country like america we celebrate to obsession the road a sports c in the world of entertainment so 25 years ago is said that is what inspires kids to spend their time and energy to become although probably not wisely so i will use that model instead teach them how to bounce a ball but give them the skills to createo industries if we celebrate science and Technology Even women and minorities that are not even present so i called on industry to helpsnt e me you cannot leave the gym teacher or the schools if you put it in the curriculum and then they do it thenen they will spend three hours after school militants and nights and weekends so we have great athletes but not great cricket players that is like education. So i need the of the brawn james of science and technology ahead 23 companies but by the way where do find superstars . You find them at nasa. As went from 23 teams have 46 as of last year the largest Single Source of first teams around the country it was with their association with assets but to prove it is impact fall on all kids in a luxury the twominute 542nd video listen to god. This is the super bowl, this super bowl of smarts and competition of kids having fun and working together to build robots. Dash using power tools. And becoming a next generation of engineers and innovators. For inspiration and recognition of science and Technology One of the greatest influences on myfe. Life these mentors got me toil a understand i could do anything upon my mind to. Their changing kids liveser every day professionally engineers and teachers and parents teaming up not just to build robots it wasta founded by weber greatest inventors dean kamen they said if you have a culturerts thats inspired these kids to be thinkers as a way Shaquille Oneal inspires dozens of hours a week with the ball with athletes and entertainers as role models but here we lead by example to show how cool science can be. To a deputy thousand cages kids between six and age 18 with lego the in the first tech challenge at the highschool level the first robotics competition to appeal the difference between the sport and otherskidr is that every kid there has a job up there for every one of these kids. O to there twice as likely to major in science or engineering. Wont and they will not go back. No doubt first. 10 or 20 years today they will cure alzheimers or aids with an engine that does not pollute. They are the future. I feel i can do anything i want to do. Someone took the time to guide and inspire them. Take some time. [applause] and dont want you to miss that this morning but how do we get there . And it is critically important in the few go to the Johnson Space center with the engineers in robotics lab and to be participants in the First Program. I trying to inspire the youthhe of today with the milliondollar budgets today. Every single thing we do trying to get young people interested. We extended it to be esteemed and hopefully we have an opportunity because there is a new community of people of young men andn incred women with that ability to visualize and i am privileged to have the indian the young man who we shadowing the today from Cleveland Ohio and a graduate of historically black colleges and said he always wanted to build things and make things. And never give upper on his desire. S a whit sitting next to him as a white house fellow and went to spellman. With a coast guard recruiter so science and technology but is the one thing i want to save there. Tour events the nations stem program to put yourself in this situation to compete anywhere. And with 21st century with the department of agriculture the things of that partnership former assistant secretary of their curve culture to come back from the International Space station. And then in preparation to go to mars. The priority lies with women and minorities women are greater than 50 percent of the population. Ot you cannot read that portion behind. Tter fro i will share in a letter from a principal who had some engineers come out of the southern part of West Virginia with the independent verification i just want to let you know, how much it meant to thet children for free and reduced lunch. Said the community is riddled with drugs someone who can help change though world. They want to know if there ever come back again. They went to live with the big smile put this on the calendar in the commitment to the children it is not monolithic. E other not only with the science and technology but those are willing to read gauge the state to of the art you can build a little thing is like to read the printers on the International Space station. Rit. We want to talk about itthat i today it is just as important to have a young student and then we will have achieved our goal. Then youll have a conversation appear so we have used the term stem but lets talk about these components are any more important than the editors or more investment . Site being relayed the good groundwork with your opening remarks. With that definitional approach. As a fake education the first in the last betake a science class every yearl take that meet, all take math. With algebra and trigonometry. But it was always there. There wasnt a lot of pashtuns around that. In life for what trigonometry would help them. There is no place bases value. But technology is cool. Every kid that says they hate to engineering so to meet what industry got to bring to our culture so they would not bounce a ball. And with that science park. Y the to ask for the rules theman the skills. In to take the position for the willingness to follow and so the relevant people to bring into a real environment. And when they show up to school to realize that motor control because i forgot to multiplied. And it turns out for better or worse science and math were abstract and it would be as rewarding as any other thing that they do. Because kids cannot do a. Reno where we want to go. t capb we dont have the technology. To be competent in science m and math for those technologies that we know is missing. They have to have water and food to survive. Suddenly used hydrogen and oxygen so we did not worry. So instead we is the son to produce electricity. And it was very costly. And then to put into a water recyfication system. And it makes no difference. Owing regrow lettuce and tomatoes. But we are on the way. And that had the clean Drinking Water flows the f dire from water board packages. And not just african and south america and because the kids are dying without clean treating water. Into the technology field. Are we satisfied the ways data is presented in the educational and institutions around the country . If not how might be changed . And then the love of my life. Not hav because that is what i bephasize. In the baby girl is an artist to create incredible art. Is to expose them in to clear the robot or create asc dialogue you can call them that there about this size take the memory card and the camera. And then they have built a satellite. And with that informale. Curriculum. They are there to supply a to fix the supply side of the equation. When i was a kid what was created in the culture i remember when sputnik went up. We were unrivaled and everything was good. To make the world a better place. And suddenly sputnik went up and then for that generation s of americans are very competitive. C we are very happy. So i think sputnik only one that one. And ned to take advantage of them. Because we have superheros everywhere else. China has 4,001st teams. I came back from a trip from beijing last year at the National Academy of engineers when i told that to people they said i was the trader but theyre missing the creativity part in the Chinese Government knows that. If you were worried about competing in to all be competitive to have a reall hands on pashtuns of technology into the school and it is working by the way first will also be a tool of International Diplomacy just like the olympics when they were started in switzerland once we have a platform to compete about something in a positive way welland has been 120 years but if we now have a single language of mathematics in 86 countries competing we had a couple weekends ago st. Louis at our championship for the First Time Ever getting though world kids to understand and those that separate each other the with the cultural issues to collectively be on the same team with the same challenges of Global Warming with health care we could have a generation of kids worldwide in bb break the cycle of that the world will face with 9 billion people. And a worldclassg technologies. Just to follow up by your comments were no developing society will ever achieve its potential into theha mainstream how can we incentivize the environment to empower them . We wont survive if you leave the population behind. Half the best thing is to have concrete examples of class of 2013 we selected eight out of 6800 they have already become superstars now for more women who can talk about how they became astronauts. And working with the emperor penguins with the u. S. Womens rugby team with the helicopter pilots in the f18 Fighter Pilots and a Soccer Player at the naval academy. Sports is good and important. Ben is a vehicle to build teamwork with first to build teams a winning team in st. Louis my team consists of three teams i picked two teams to go along with me. So you need more than just science and math. More than if we look at the others and say we did this incredibly well. They dont want to have their robots break down and goes to say they have been turned around to be an artist because i am looking at my press secretary who was just texting away and we did not know about that. Ween you talk about the artsts it is absolutely critical you have to know how to use social media. Ocial i dont do twitter or facebook or in any of that i have sharp people if you want to get your story out Morgan Freeman case think of anyone more powerful . Ely that is not a mathematicianengie to take his godgiven ability and apply it so that is why we believe it is very important. I am happy to tell you and after 26 years that number keeps inching up in addition be 50 . Inc look at what were trying to do here. How many are practicingte engineers . Of a but to get up that 50 percent to look at the program has a value to women and minorities because i believe it is a social issueinot that group of people is far more distracted from the real world than the kids that grow up in the environment so the people who grow up to see the culture of orange espn even though we try to get everybody into first with the minorities start to see kids having fun in the same type of sporting and firemen. Im using that as of model it is the highest form of flattery i love sports to have a baseball field in my backyard i have tennis courts. But in the end it is really good day and teach kids to work so in the classroom why is it called teeeight . Cheating . [laughter] say you cannot underestimate it. First is the oldest sport except again she passion to develop those skills sets right here in this country. Are we satisfied where american industry or companies with as sufficient investment with the systems of education . He gov what to advise would we give them or ask them how we go about that process to incentivize industry . Nasa is introducing the 2017 budget for the president for the first time in decades if we get the budget if we dont the we dont build that every kid knows about the nbc is the predecessor of the air force base in to break the sound barrier and the predecessor of the Space Shuttle in the experimental vehicles today believe her not they were excited with the significant increase of aeronauticsthe counr because that is what they want to do is design and build that all want to work on the production line. But dean in vince i dont use the term kids but people love to work for dean because they are building and designing and creating that is what we should be doing. Because the stock of we have abandoned research and development is restarted the job to develop technology we cannot do based on what we have today. But we want to get to mars t with the people coming out of the schools and colleges wanting to design neww technology. You ask if we are investing. Im not an economist but it is pretty clear at least to make sure how you invest with many hundreds of billions of dollars per capita is well known Something Like 18 or 19,000. Then retake up a highet percentage that dont go to school in you pointed out wepe are number 29. You can never spend enough money into shouldnt waste money on things that dont but i am concerned about that. The entire cost to have a first team you cannot monetize the passion to volunteer as the Technology People there isnt enough money to pay them but they all work for free i always thought getting industry to donate would be a the hardest part it turns outst industry knows that is the great investment with tens of thousands of schools here is the staggering thank almost all of it is locked into a fixed cost that s cannot be changed. They have enough for the floors for basketball in enough to pave the stipend for the coaches and that makes complete sense teachers dont make a lot of money if they will be there for three hours every day after school there is some financial expectation in 25 years we have had almost no luck to get the school have of the equation in fact, itgh is astounding to me a school can have a firstteam but it is almost impossible for them to give the same stipend it is an intellectual slap in the face. And without regard a number of years ago one is the republican one is a democrat is finally passed it last year i always forget which is authorized but they did the part that is required to the new law that schools meet certain criteria can find the teacher of the same recognition receive aar stipend from the Public School portion. If you can figure out you want to figure out how everyry school can support the first team in those who could not but the policy people and now theyre working and then to pit a worldclass scientist in the engineers. There are a thousand volunteers working for free. Bring them in its you will transform your school. If you dont do that. Is a point of clarification i would criticize with administrator bolton has said calling yourself at an old man. [laughter] a lot of great faces on that video and those who were so excited of the learning experience and the competition to get them into the jobs to leverage that talent you can secure americas future. That is the problem that is the easy part. Re ameri with the First Program we t have scholarship broke we had 180 lineup just like the football coaches to end by the way we handle over 70 million in scholarships from the local trade schools like cal tech and georgia tech and m. I. T. School they are all there. And encourage them through whatever means possible to be in the stem related courses. You cannot do once they getir to college it has to be at the elementary level and thehe secondary level and it makes no difference again ill is tell the men and women you cannot be a technical background anything you want to do the role the sure oyster. If you want to be an engineer to do trigonometry your basic math you are out of luck. Trigonom there is no downside as they go through high school and college they can go back some of the best come from teach for america. They dont know what they want to do so they take two years and to talk about have a physics teacher no physics. Know they know physics and math bin teach for america. But to teach young kids in our schools. Men a so whatever you do in the young is a relative term but encourage a person whos never experienced engineersd anomaly the person the front thn and that may sell and trivial to some of you if you seek stage engine your that is not an engineer were looking for look at the system i had a young member i was talking about inspiring people. In their brazilian man who was the president he said if you say inspire one more time i will puke. [laughter] he said i know youre talking about the you cannot inspire anyone until you expose them. But you so we have to take him by the hand to let them see the science isnt engineering and technology for the incredible demand for them for somebody you can dribble a basketball. You are battling against the odds to become the next liberal and james get your degree. Nobody can take that from you and youll probably be better than anyone else around because you are passionate. Degr now you know, why we like to have nasa as one of our sponsors. E we and looking like olympic village. To root recognizing individual in a given out 24 times and demonstrated thatrg we have earned it and then ask yourself out any school in this country not be doing Everything Possible and we found the most costeffective. We will not become regimented knows summer vacation. But the problem is the passion is misdirected. You have solved that problem it is so into pedicle to the process and technology moves so quickly we cannot expect or blame the schools but nowm 3700 giants people likeness sayingy we are here to help but we need to let the schools to make it part of their culture. Been to do whatever you need to to make fat you will be handed a record foreign the incipient and who you are with your name in defoliation. I am of prior dont go toni young man who was in he was even more inspired. Rs but i had the pleasure to be a part of the nasa team isnt one of the things nasa was doing was creating the educator astronauts to better help connect students to the program as well as teachers. Where is that going . And where will they be . We felt the best way is not to single the mouse and now theyre just astronauts. They used to me you had to have the Technology Background with those are mac isnt they are not teacher astronauts their astronauts who happen to be teachers. But theres a massive number of people who were eliot of jobs or looking for jobs including those in college. So what can we do. We did not do that but. Does give a needed bachelors degree but we focus on young men and women in committed the colleges to understand their trading with the military that is directly transferrable. Rifleman today is it the computer . And as the former observer but to have the skills that we need to get to mars. When you looked at all the volunteers is a love fest of technology and a lot of the people are not between six and 18. What you do if youre not the chief Technology Officer . And then to say i just so i think there is a process going on breaking the people together. There was a time education was you went and you worked for a lifetime but today there is no skill set today to especially in technology that will be worth a in five years. We went from telegraph to a telephone in a generation but we went from the internet to email to text to snap chat the lifetime of some of these technologies is six months so either learn how to learn or you were toast. It a kid coming in with a technical degree i hope understands what their education gave them. Of the audience members want to attend a first event . Anted to i tell everybody to come finn to the gm after five years. So we started to do their regional events. Every weekend in march. It happens in atlanta at the georgia dome. The most expensive part of wouldbe but theyre not it without. Thank you very much i am from the university of wisconsin per gram of the question of the time span like the mars project. A this is an age where they have relatively short Attention Span is there perhaps fatigue it could be setting in but also the of other projects. To pioneer the 100 projects and how research and to keep him going toward that goal. Going to mars is a long time from now. People t but we dont have enough time to get ready. Were but there are all kinds of precursors. Anybody read the book . I did not finish it so every time you chair around so we thought it with placido the nasdaq in july. But it was a long journey and nine years to get here they can start working as a freshman in was the one and we have they hosted payload to get that bin space. Halfway back. I with the American Association of geographers and we are currently workingng in the field to get the College Board to adopt day ap course. Geographic information systems. But we havent tried to get the course adopted so they think of it at the k12 age with really do during college now passing the new law for the country that onee big challenge that ic that returns most education dollars to state control so how do we get the state to think about stena education to focus without a federal priority . Symptom. It took 100 years to get there and i were were starting to get somewhere. All that said, i think the fundamental perception of what we know and how we know what we know and how were going to use that moving forward is more critical than ever because the world is moving faster than ever. Frankly all the other jobs that you could have you could make a living as a farmer you could make a living in a production line, today there is nothing left, if it can be done being done by machine computer, or robot. So i think you said was going forward, intelligence and how to add real value to solving the problem is going to be the only way that we can move forward. All the rest of that stuff is going to look like the dark ages. That person back to same why dont we all collectively make sure that kids have the most viable to possibly have, a broadbased education. Particularly with analytics and mathematic. One quick thing. And i apologize, we talked about demand. There is no shortage of supply. The big question todays demand. We have now facilitated the potential success of a commercial space industry. Why do i say potential success . We now have more rockets and Market Companies than you can shake a stick at in the us. We have returned the ability to launch to u. S. Shores, spacex. Orbital sciences, you name it. Are we lacking his demand. A place for those things to go for all these astronauts that people claim they were going to open up the world for commercial space because everybody wants to go to the International Space station. We need more platforms, and the International Paint space station we work through the nih. The human immune system. We dont understand understand it. It goes through changes when you go into the those parts. We have learned a lot over the 30 or 40 years humans have been fine. We just finish the first ever genomics. Scott kelly on orbit and mark back here, identical, identical twins. We will get more knowledge from the twin study then people ever thought was imaginable. We have the ability to do this as a nation but we have to respond and provide the demand. We have to put more platforms out there. If you want to be a pharmaceutical a pharmaceutical developer put a platform in space where you can send those pharmaceuticals. Astronauts are horrible when you start micro processing and materials processing because we have to exercise and every time we get on a treadmill, bicycle or something, you dont know abut the vehicle starts to shake. That just drives the material processors at berserk. Kids now youre berserk. Kids now youre taking it from being in space and you have an no g in your introducing it and i are shaking your stuff. Heres a platform away away from the International Space station. Put your pharmaceutical there. Youre going to get great drugs and all kinds of stuff. That is the demand that we dont have yet. Everyone is sitting back, relying relying on nassau to provide the International Space station. That is not a demand for commercial space industry. Ive been saying that for seven years now. We have have got to create the demand for the supply that we are developing. Think of that question. Two thirds the way back back with a lady with her hand up. I promise to come to the other side of the aisle in a moment. Thank you, my name is autumn lewis im with National Council on teacher quality. Something we havent talked about today is the shortage of stem educators that were facing across the country. What are your suggestions for how states and districts can incentivize talented individuals to pursue stem degrees and go back into the classroom. Quit telling girls at they cant learn math and science. I will also say lets be realistic while industry now with its shortages to pay unbelievable premiums to kids that no engineering, the fact is the marketplaces and if you have a degree in engineering or mathematics your opportunity to make four times as much as a teacher can make says that whatever the challenges to be Great Teachers its even tougher to be a science and technology teacher. I think an unintended consequence of preventing women, for going into business that they should have a right to do, really smart, passionate women went out to teach. Theyre smart. Theyre smart enough to realize most fallible thing this country has done these incredibly talented women became the teachers plus now these women, michael somewhere else. As a pragmatic guy i would be naive to assume that youre going to attract the best of the best of the world attack and put them in the classroom. I also think they chose to be an engineer, they didnt used to be a teacher. They may not be good at it at teaching. Lebron james is not a phys ed teacher, thats okay, they cannot afford to pay him what hes being paid. He would not have as much impact on a generation of kids if he was in the classroom. He is there to create demand. Then the teachers have the skill sets to teach it. What we ought to be doing is we taken 140,000 worldclass passionate people many of whom are women scientists and engineers and let them work with the schools. And we get the best of all worlds. You get people to be role models working directly with these kids. You dont have to pay them, you can buy passion they want to do it. They do it effectively and they bring in into the schools. The worldclass capability of professional scientists and engineers to aspire the kids. And then the teachers dont have the problem. The teachers will do just fine. Now we talked about redefining the problem. Thats not find 100,000 young scientists and engineers that will also suddenly want to become teachers, would be good teachers and that we can finally pay them. None of those are likely to happen quickly. Instead lets create a partnership between Great Schools, let them have access to it and give the tech community. That we can do. Tumor questions and then will give time at the end for our guests to summarize. Thank you very much for coming my name is jeff im with capital management. Im reminded of. A little closer to mel. I am reminded of a Sheryl SandbergFavorite Book going up a wrinkle in time. Im not sure if you have read a wrinkle in time lately but it is a fascinating book which inspires individuals who are at a cave level, six greater Even High School level. Im wondering if stella creator somehow put that type of passion or you can actually, when you are reading that type of book which is again may be a 250 page book. Its a quick, easy read. Where we can inspire that type of passion and creativity can inspire that type of passion and creativity through graphic novels, comic books, and through games. First i have to tell you its pretty cool but they form the thing called the mother of inventions. Had a mother and father was on the phone with this morning actually. They they came to the championship. Their huge sponsors and supporters based on what you said we could figure out how to maybe get amazon to spread that book among all of our constituents and all work at doing it. But your point, i think inspiring young kids to see how accessible and fun science and technology is, it is the simplest and most effective solution to what has been more than 25 years a big conservative industry government and just how much we leg the rest of the world. You can say it over and over again. Its not the schools problem. They wont be up to fix it. We need fix it. We need to fix it. The business of america has always been business. If we decide as a culture we are going to promote something it works, were not 29th in the world in the olympics. Theyre all amateur athletes. This country needs to focus in a real hurry. Were in a race with catastrophe and i dont want one catastrophe to win. But inspiring kids by whatever means it takes is the solution. I fell in love with science in the seventh grade. I think two male teachers one was my seventh grade Science Teacher who introduced me to a science fair and i never did a science fair after that. You dont have to do big project with what he told me, you just have to do one. If youre going to get a grade in my class to get into a fair project so as a classroom science fair the president , the reason he brings to washington d. C. Every year was to try to emphasize the critical importance of allowing the student to participate in something that is available to every single student. It does not require a lot of money. Its pretty basic stuff. But getting kids into science fairs you can do that in elementary and junior high school. You wont wont catch everybody but some of them will be hooked. Math fairs, and and i could go on and on. Hi am a rebecca and known as the numbers lading. I want to talk about adding, used to Teach University and university and i used to teach most gone high school and trying to get young kids interested in building. I challenge you all if you are going im going to be doing to the playgrounds called building number obelisks and it can be done from preschool the phd level number are blessed with and numbers live plus pie nv and all them, and they are building the town. I met science fairs, i am out there and i teach teachers teachers how they can bring activities into their room. Theyre afraid they wont have time for the test but i show them how the kids get so engaged and my patents on puzzles and building. Its a math teacher and mathis now on its not out of a textbook. I would the to talk to about bringing it down even lower which is the only age i had never done. I love having the parents be busy while the kids are busy so they dont tool for them. Sigh things for them. Its called building number obelisks, i will be at the maker fares all over the place and inventors fair. Have the kids from young ages create puzzles and create houses that reflect numeric patterns and shape. For the numbers lady, thank you very much for that unpaid commercial. Well done. Its very poor what youre doing. You are doing. Lets have one more question. Thank you. Last november you said the United States with the Space Program sweaty think it is necessary for the countries work on the Space Program and you think in the future is it possible for the country to start working on such a program . I think what we do with other than human its a matter of law and i believe it will happen one of these days its not something which i presently focus but we do work on with china on incredible basis looking at the himalayas and things like earthquakes, and even looking at some aspects of lunar science. You take what you can get. And you go. Thats one thing thats different between nassau in a company, government is inherently slow. So if you want to work inside the Government Environment you have to be patient. Am i happy . No. Merrymaking. Making progress . Yes. So one of these days no one wouldve ever dreamed before the berlin wall fell that the u. S. And the former soviet union would be collaborating in space. Today, as a matter fact as a direct result of the berlin wall falling in the soviet Union Falling apart it was a geopolitical. We needed to find somewhere for soviet, now russian scientists and engineers to go so they would not too bad things. What better place to send them then to collaborate with nassau and our International Partners in the International Space station. A lot of people think the International Space station started in russia and the u. S. Russia was done last of the five partners to be brought in a president clinton directed nassau to integrate russia, the Russian Space agency. Today theyre one of our five partners and a key partner. So patience is virtue. It will happen in time. It wont happen during my tenure as nasa administrator because i go with the president. The president leaves i leave. But it will happen. And in a world where we tend to concentrate way too much on confrontation, it is with u. S. , china and russia that we can find a lot of Common Ground in the area space and technology. It. Its hard to hate people and ill say this, we deal with a lot of bad people, if you want bad people to become good people you have to engage with them. If you choose not to, i guarantee that theyre going to stay bad people. A lot of people dont like to hear that. But we spend a lot of time dealing with people want to be like us, want what we have but dont how to do it. So we go out and teach them. Thats what general allen does today. Ladies and gentlemen, there is still a forest of hands that are going up every hand i asked for questions and i think that indicates how rich this panel has been. Let me just ask each of our guests if they would like to make a couple of minutes of summary comments will go from there. I think ive said enough. I want you to remember that your space agency is on a journey to mars. We have lots of things that are incredible science programs, we talk about them in areas we look at planets in our own planet earth, we look at the sun and we look at astrophysics. How did we get to hear and is there life elsewhere . Stem education is our number one product we spent 19. 3 billion on it every single year. You heard that we have to engage her enemies otherwise they will just become a bigger enemy. Two of the praises phrases used throughout the First Community as gracious professionalism. You heard Charlie Baldwin point out that these robots are firstly competing in their twominute rounds and in the pits the teams help each other when one of them has a broken axle. Gracious professionalism along with proper titian. All of the teams will cooperate so that we all end up the best of the best is part of the culture first. I i started by saying this and i will end by saying this, and a free culture and there is no culture freer than america see that your biggest strength or biscuits weakness. Even kids are free in this country. They have a bill of rights not a bill of responsibilities. In a free culture when you get to do whatever you want its incumbent to her kids in the country because i have a passion for. If you going to recognize that we get the best of what we celebrate, we want the best of science technology, global competitiveness, we have to give kids some vehicle particularly women and minorities that are so appealing to them that are competing with their hearts and minds with what used to be the National Pastime that are great as long as there the right proportion. If your policy people all he can tell you is we have created a model that is scalable. Every major tech company, the schools the teachers, everyone loves it. They say government move slowly in the great irony is nothing is moving faster than technology. Government and getting teachers is not a likely solution. You cant scale her own model, you need handson, real learning that develops passion. We have the model, you need to figure out how to get government to be a catalyst be a catalyst to make it available to every kid quickly. If you dont, we will all suffer. Ladies and gentlemen, tom brokaw not long ago use the term the greatest generation. Its one of the first times are heard that term going. He used it in implication for the outcome of world war ii. Americans and our partners who had stood on the ramparts and defeated in next essential enemy. I would contend that there is a new greatest generation and we have seen them in action and we saw the bright faces video this morning, that is the new greatest generation. The greatest generation that will propel this country and our friends and sometimes our opponents who will become our friends to another level of human existence. This kind of conversation today is what present two version. I think the center panel this morning. Think overcoming. [applause]