Author of after the grizzly. Next, find out about rising sea levels and the threat they pose to coastal cities and the author of the attacking ocean. 3. 5 Million People in california live within 3. 5 feet of sea level. Many of them in the bay area. That is a lot of people. Missioner then we will the Old Mission Santa barbara to view the archives and hear stories that tell the history of the surrounding area. We will travel back to the silent movie era and learn about the central role Santa Barbara played in the industry as we explore the story of the american film manufacturing company, also known as the flying a studios which produced silent films here from 1912 to 1921. The, we will visit Outdoor Museum and discover how the spanish introduced plants to the native indians who cultivated many of these and changed the landscape of california. We will hear about one of Santa Barbaras earliest and most longlasting industries. Due to the mild climate, the city and surrounding area was promoted as a Health Resort and destination for travelers in other parts of the u. S. As early as 1870. Tourism remains a big part of the citys economy to this day. The south facing coast gave them all the sunshine. The fresh ocean air was recommended in various visitors brochures. Doctors would say come to Santa Barbara. Mineral hot springs, fresh oc ean air, fresh mountain air. That was seen as the cure for many people in the 1870s and 1880s when we boomed as a Health Resort. Announcer watch cspans cities tour today and sunday afternoon at 2 00 on cspan3. The cspan cities tour, working with our cable affiliates and visiting cities across the country. Announcer this weekend, Matthew Andrews of the university of North Carolina at chapel hill talks about how the racial tensions of the 1980s were reflected in the sports of the era. Here is a preview. Fight takes place in las vegas, nevada, june 11, 1982. 32,000 paying spectators. Millions more are watching at home on payperview. I was one of those millions. Im going to tell you something about that in a second. Here are some interesting facts from this night and fight. Interesting fact number one. The Las Vegas Police department employed their swat team. They surrounded the arena, up on the roof snipers were pointing guns at the crowd as the crowd went in. That is because there were Death Threats around this fight. Members of the ku klux klan said if holmes he wins the fight, they would assassinate him in the ring. Black militant organizations said we are sending members. We will be armed. If any harm is done to larry holmes, where going to fight back. This is much more than a sporting event. We have an intense racial drama playing out in las vegas. Announcer whats the entire Program Saturday at 8 00 eastern on cspan3s American History tv. [applause] cycle, we areion reminded how important it is for citizens to be informed. Home for is the political junkies and a way to track the government as it happens. It is a great way to stay informed. There are a lot of cspan fans on the hill. My colleagues say i saw you on cspan. There is so much more cspan does to make sure people outside the beltway know what is going on inside it. Narrator the citizens of Granite State are not easily won. The meeting places are hotbeds of political discussion. City, they town, and brave snow and sleet to cast their vote. Thanks to the people of New Hampshire. It is good to be back in New Hampshire. The first in the nation primary. New hampshire. New hampshire. He is from New Hampshire. Is great to be back in New Hampshire. One reporter has called New Hampshires primary the most cherished of american political tribal rights. [applause] governor, thank you so much for coming today. [applause] this is a place where you can observe a candidate in the heat of a dialogue, in the heat of getting tough questions about their positions on the issues. It is not just a place where there is a scripted speech. New hampshire takes its first in the nation primary status really seriously. This is one of a series of town Hall Meetings we will be having. This is my 20th town hall meeting. Welcome to our 115th town hall meeting in New Hampshire. [applause] announcer all weekend, American History tv is featuring Santa Barbara, california. The Santa Barbara museum of Natural History displays the oldest human remains in the u. S. Dating that 13,000 years. Posted by our cost medications cable partners, staff recently visited many sites showcasing the citys rich history. He can learn more about Santa Barbara all weekend on American History tv. Santa Barbara Mission is the 10th of a chain of 21 missions built by the franciscans in cooperation with the spanish who work concrete california conquering california trying to keep the russians out. Along the coast of california, the established four for its forts, and between them spanish schools and missions. The idea was to get coastal indians to be pro spanish and keep out the russians and possibly the english and whoever else might be encroaching on the Northern Edge of mexico. Inis the only Mission California that has continuously operated as a church from its founding to the present day. In the Santa Barbara area, the Linguistic Group of the shamash malibu northfrom of los angeles up to san luis obispo, south of monterey county. One of the largest groups in california inhabited the area and from the Channel Islands off the coast inland to what is now Current County kern county. When they established this mission, they have good relationships with the shamash people. That deteriorated as the toulations dwindled due massive disease incursions and more restrictions came from the spanish and mexican government. In the beginning, the she mashed were very welcome the shoe mashed were very welcoming. The spanish note in all the early diaries but she mashed h people weremas manufacturers of beautiful baskets, stone tools print everything they produced seem to be highquality. The spanish population was extremely impressed with the quality of the culture of the people. About halft on and of the chumash came into the mission system, there was discontent. There was Huge Population lost due to disease and record their the best because there was more restrictive life as the spanish became the larger part of the population. They had more laws and rules that were new and problematic to them. They were being cut off from many of their hunting and gathering places. Eventually in 1824, we see the chumash revolt in just about the largest indian revolt in spanish california. Spanish wanted to control the Santa Barbara channel. They put more missions among the chumash than any other group in california. There are five missions in chumash territory. The idea was to control the central part of the coast which shipping would need to go from north to south and south to north to expand in this territory. It gave them a good deal of control of see traffic which is what they wanted to do and control of the middle of california. At the mission, we have an Outdoor Museum as well as the interior museum rooms. We are in this Outdoor Museum now. It has two different sections. The small section where we are standing features plants used by the chumash indians in their world and culture. That produced foods and materials that were important to them. The other part of the garden below uss is all plants andoduced by the spanish beginnings of agriculture in california. All those plants were brought here between 1769 and 1830 and represent a crosssection from north and south america, europe, and asia. Brought by there spanish who gave them to the chumash and said, see if you can make that grow. Oak. Ree is a rare island the remaining types of california live oaks, all of which produced wonderful acorns, which were the staple food of california indians. Chednd up and reached lee to remove the tannic acids, they become a very edible and nutritious meal. The chumash were hunters and gatherers. They were maritime people. Lots of fish, lots of acorns. It was a really nutritious diet they had before the spanish showed up with agriculture. The garden below us features the diet the chumash change into an and the in mission things they learned to grow successfully. You can see in the distance the banana grove. There were bananas growing at two missions, ventura and Santa Barbara. They were noted by the french explorer in 1790, growing between other orchard trees, apparently to keep them from freezing they would put them down the center with other trees around them. This garden is from clones and cuttings of original plants gathered throughout the state to become a mother bed for California Mission plants. We are kind of involved in what the National Park service likes landmarks to do, which is restoration of the cultural environment. Landscape is important because many times, we walk up to an old landmark lding and its surrounding surrounded by modern structures or plants introduced last week from somewhere else in the world. The idea of a Cultural Landscape is having the landscape around the building meet the same time period and give the visitor and experience of what it would have been like in its most culturally important period. Now we are down in the spanish period part of the garden. You can see next to me the grapes. It is january. But we had a long drought, so they are only now catching on that the rain is coming in dropping their leaves. The mission is infamous for being terrible for wine, wonderful for cognac. That is vancouvers words when he visited in the 1790s. The grapes were important. Missionaries always wanted to have a Church Service which would include the Communion Service with bread and wine. To have wine, you need grapes. , othertroduced grapes things that grow in a dry climate, and all of us because the mediterranean diet was very dependent on olive oil. Wells were also used in blessings and so on. This is an early all of them from taken from a cutting the Mission Early all of growth from the olive grow from the early 1700s. They are all the same variety of olives. Of course, citrus introduced to california along with grapes are two of the major crops we see in making aia still major part of our economic success in agriculture here. We are standing next to a typical mission era fence. Fencing was made out of cactus. This is a prickly pear version that produces three things that are really useful. It produces fruit. The fruit is delicious. It makes a wonderful drink. The prickly pear fruit is fabulous. Pads, you canew cut them up and fry them with breakfast eggs. They are terrific. Bugs,also producing the cochineal bugs. E. Ese guys produce a red dy i dont put my finger on it because it will get my finger red and nasty. If you break this open and put it on a piece of paper, it will come up brilliant red. This was used to dye fabrics. The bright red color came from the bugs. They would scrape them off the cactus and produce dye for the fabrics they were weaving. You get dye in all kinds of food out of this. Plus, it is not a surface you want to push through. That means it is the ideal fence for all of your agricultural fields because it will keep the cows and sheep and Everything Else out of your fields and protect the crops. What we need to recognize is the chumash are responsible for agriculture as an industry california. People dont usually give them credit for that. But certainly the local indians are who made a success out of this agriculture. Announcer our city staff easily traveled to Santa Barbara to learn about its rich history. You can learn more about Santa Barbara and other stops at www. Cspan. Org citiestour. You are watching American History tv all weekend, every weekend, on cspan3. Next weekend, vietnam hearings 50 years later. Something for a 1966, the Senate ForeignRelations Committee gives equal time to critics of the war and members of the Johnson Administration in hearings televised live to the nation. Here is a preview. The vietnam hearings were some of the most extraordinary hearings held by congress. They were hearings of investigation into a war that was still being fought. Congress and particularly the senate wanted to know why we were in vietnam, what the Administration Policies were, and they wanted to hear from opponents of the war. They gave equal status to critics of the war as they did two supporters of the war. It was a real debate. Mosts one of americas distinguished diplomats. Foreigne an article for affairs and signed it mr. X because he was a diplomat and could not take sides on this issue, really suggesting the policy the United States needed to follow was containment. The containment theory was the rationale for the United States to send troops to vietnam. Here was the author of the containment theory saying it does not apply here, this is a mistake. It is clear however justified our action may be in our own eyes, it has failed to win either enthusiasm or confidence, even among people normally friendly to us. Our motives are widely misinterpreted, and the spectacle emphasized and reproduced in thousands of press photographs and stories that appear in the press of the world, the spectacle of americans inflicting grievous injury on the lives of a poor and helpless people, and particularly a people of different race and color. No matter how warranted by military the subsidy or the excesses of the adversary our operations may seem to us to be or genuinely be, this spectacle produces reactions among millions of people throughout the world profoundly detrimental to the image we would like them to hold of this country. I am not saying this is just right just or right. I am saying this is so and found in the circumstances to be sent. A victory purchased at the price of further such damage would be hollow in terms of our world interest. Hearings 50ietnam years later. Whats more of the Committee Hearings watch more of the Committee Hearings next saturday at 10 00 eastern and sunday at 4 00 eastern. Here on American History tv, only on cspan3. Every weekend on American History tv on cspan3, we feature programs that tell the american story. Some of the highlights for this weekend include tonight at 8 00 eastern, historian Matthew Andrews of the university of North Carolina at chapel hill talks about how racial tensions of the 1980s were reflected in sports. Rocky is a heavy underdog in the first film. He loses in the first film. He loses in a split decision to apollo creed. No one thinks he will do well. He does remarkably well that he does not win. Knocks out, he apollo creed in the most implausible boxing scene ever found. It is impossible what happens, but rocky wins. These were both popular movies in 1976 and 1979, but these are much more than just sports movies. These are movies about race. These are movies about American History. Announcer the Brooklyn Law School professor talks about his book arguing Alexander Graham bell is solely remembered as the inventor of the telephone, despite the conservations of others, because he secured a patent monopoly. Sunday morning at 10 00, with the upcoming first in the Nation New Hampshire primary, we look back at the 1992 president ial campaign and bill clintons secondplace finish in New Hampshire and positioning as the comeback kid. Bill clinton while the evening is young and we dont know yet what the final tally will be, i think we know enough to say with some certainty that New Hampshire tonight has made bill clinton the comeback kid. [applause] announcer we will feature democratic and republican ads that aired in the Granite State, including those of bill clinton and george h w bush. Presidency, a history professor talks about her book and argues the 20th century was shaped by four elections that occurred during economic and cultural change, starting with the election of 1912. For the clique American History tv we can schedule, go to www. Cspan. Org. Announcer each week, american artifacts explores the story of the United States by visiting Historic Places and investigating important objects. Next, a look at George Washingtons personal copy of 1789cts of congress, a printed record with the president s handwritten notes in the margin