if we could here in space we would discover that the sun is in fact incredibly noisy. the sun makes sound in its inside yes the connection near the surface excites. sound waves which you're looking at here is a pattern that we presents the motion inside the sun that are associated with a particular mood. measuring the frequency of this mood will tell us about the conditions in the sun within this region. until last year these helio seismic measurements only allowed scientists to evaluate movements in the outermost layers of the sun. but now by analyzing other waves they've been able to penetrate right to the center this was made possible thanks to data provided by the soho satellite which is part of a joint mission by nasa and the european space agency the satellite has spent the
past sixteen years measuring the rhythmic oscillations that walked the shape of the sun. experts were surprised that the sun's core rotates faster than its surface as the core grew out of that original rotating gas cloud they actually thought it would spin even faster. the outer layers of the sun are believed to be slowed down. by the magnetic field. that couple those two interstellar space. winds again the question is how does. do the outer layers. couple choosing inside of the sun to make it slow down and this coupling may also happens when you do however the details. absolutely not understood. the
astrophysicists want to learn more about the magnetic fields inside the sun including how they slow down the outer layers of these magnetic fields are also responsible for the dark spots but galileo first noted and it's these fields that produce the eruptive solar winds that can pose a threat to us here on earth. the european space agency plans to launch it solo orbital mission in twenty twenty it's designed to find out more about the sun's in a workings but helio seismologists are looking forward to lots of exciting new data . when mass is the russians on the sun whole ionized matter it's worth yet the atmosphere at the poles about planet begins to glow and amazing natural spectacle. of aurora's are caused by magnetic disturbances due to the streams of charged particles from the sun the light show is beautiful and harmless but solar storms
can pose a danger here on earth. a burning see the masses since time immemorial the sun has been a source of fascination. at the max planck institute for solar system research in gottingen scientists are studying coronal mass ejections or c m e's in particular they want to know why these solar eruptions occur with varying frequency over an eleven year cycle in the air we think they result from a dynamo inside the sun but we don't know exactly how it works. the sun is one hundred fifty million kilometers away and it's. incredibly hot the temperature in the core reaches fifteen million degrees celsius as hydrogen nuclei combined to form helium this nuclear fusion has been the source of the sun's heat and light for more than four billion years. to what the sun looks like an
evenly shaped ball but in fact it's a rotating and shape shifting gashes mass that generates a chaotic magnetic field the individual magnetic field lines can be seen as loops towering up to eighty thousand kilometers above the surface. of the field lines guide the motion of plasma and hot gases. just might move the magnetic field is constantly changing and twisting that means the magnetic field lines can cross each other that can cause the entire thing to become unstable you could picture it like elastic bands but a sudden they catapult it away if. this powerful solar eruptions occur repeatedly propelling millions of tons of solar gas and plasma into space. that can send a storm of electromagnetic particles hurtling towards our planet. the earth's
magnetic field protects us. but at the poles where the protective shield is weakest oxygen and nitrogen molecules are excited in the atmosphere and glow that's the aurora also known as the northern or southern lights the fascinating display is harmless but solar storms can destroy satellites and they pose a risk to astronauts on space walks a powerful solar storm can even knock out power supplies on parts of the earth. leading to our lives depend on electronics in many ways the electricity plays again . that's when it's such a poet shut down. computers wipe out memory and so on so much that i wouldn't want to be on an airplane if the onboard computer system failed for examples to me since i was president. so what's needed is a more reliable early warning system the european space agency plans to send the
satellite mission to the sun in twenty to twenty. the data sent back by the solar orbiter will improve our understanding of solar eruptions the spacecraft protected by a heat shield will measure the magnetic field deep below the sun's surface one imaging instrument it will carry was developed and getting an. even more than that in future we hope to be able to predict just like a weather forecast exactly when a solar eruption will occur. so perhaps one day solar activity will form a standard part of the weather report. without the sun we have no green plants remember the synthesis it's obviously the most important chemical process for life on earth. by sunlight carbon dioxide and water are converted into oxygen and glucose in the plants sounds like hard work so
do plants need to relax sometimes everyone from the us sent us a question about that. do trees sleep. we all know human beings need sleep our inner body clock regulates when we feel tired following the earth cycle of day and night. animals also have body clocks that set the rhythm for waking and sleeping. many flowers close their petals and hang their heads at certain times of day their resting periods also follow the rhythm of day and night. but what about trees. well it was only a few years ago that scientists were finally able to answer that question with the help of laser scanners from dusk till dawn they scanned trees with infrared light.
in each case they found that the whole tree droops that night. the clones of millions of laser scanning points revealed that the position of the leaves and branches changed as the night progressed they moved lower by as much as ten centimeters. in the morning they gradually returned to their original position. but whether the trees like the animals around them are awakened by an inner body clock is still not clear. but what is clear is that trees do indeed appear to rest at certain times of the day. if outlet is read why are they latin if they. do you have a science question that you've always wanted ellen said when happy to help out the

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