In saving lives only the Libyan coast guard they say can legally return rescued migrants to Libya and only then if they're not detained all other vessels can consider Libya a safe country of return scientists in the United States and Bangladesh have developed a new approach to helping malnourished children using food that boost good bacteria in their guts the World Health Organization estimates that worldwide 150000000 children under the age of 5 are malnourished Philip or Roxby reports the researchers pinpointed foods which boosted communities of good bacteria using experiments on mice and pigs when they tried out these foods on 68 Mile nourished Bangladeshi children aged 12 to 18 months for one month a diet containing bananas Sori peanut flour and chickpeas was found to be best it boosted important gut bacteria which is linked to the growth of children's bones and brains the scientists said the microbes in the gut were intimately linked to overall health Saddam's ruling military council says it's for an attempted coup a spokesman though on stone state television that 16 people have been arrested and 4 detained among them current and retired officers from the Army and National Intelligence and Security Service he said the coup attempt aimed to block a power sharing deal being finalized between the military council and pro-democracy demonstrators. B.b.c. News the mayor of New Orleans has warned that a tropical storm moving towards the coast of Louisiana could bring 48 hours of continuous rain Cantrell said Storm Barry would become a hurricane when it made landfall and warned residents to seek shelter before it hit or leave New Orleans the low lying city was devastated by Hurricane Katrina in 2005. The Chilean president Sebastian Pinera has signed into law a bill which removes the statute of limitations on sex crimes involving children previously child sexual abuse had a statute of limitations between 5 and 10 years the new law is not retroactive Chile has been rocked by a sex abuse crisis in the Catholic church that's claimed more than 200 victims. A study has found that back to back heat waves in the central Indian Ocean killed more than 2 thirds of corals in the chuggers islands over 2 years our environment analyst Roger Harrabin explains the cheatgrass reefs are a useful research site because they've had little disturbance from humans the study showed that high sea temperatures in 20152017 led to the death of 70 percent of hard corals but intriguingly while the 2nd heat wave lasted longer fewer corals were killed so the surviving corals proved more tolerant of high temperatures and that would be good news in a warming world but scientists warn it doesn't mean that corals will be able to keep on adapting to higher temperatures to see will continue to warm and c o 2 emissions are absorbed into the ocean and making sea water more acidic and that's harmful to corals to Madagascar's exciting run in the Africa Cup of Nations ended in a 3 nil defeat by Tunisia in the quarter final Madagascar with little football tradition it never reached the tournament finals but came top of its group before beating the Democratic Republic of Congo in the 1st knockout round that fueled enthusiasm on the island for the game against Tunisia one of the favorites for the cup. B.b.c. World Service news it's k.g. a New summer of love fund drive and we're asking listeners why they love the station I'm Tess and I love her I just think a place for information is super important and I think is a really good job of bringing that forward in the community show your love for us today at Cajun you know dot org. Hello and welcome to News Hour is coming to you live from the b.b.c. World Service studios in central London I'm Jim Franks and 1st a question which we've been asking for a while but who's urgency seems ever greater ease tension only going to grow in one of the world's most important shipping lanes today the British government raised the threat level for British shipping in the Straits of Hormuz to its highest rating on Wednesday the Ministry of Defense in London said that 3 Iranian boats had tried to impeach a British tanker in the region the Royal Navy frigate had to intervene now the British Transport Ministry is advised vessels to travel in the area only during daylight hours and at a faster pace at the same time the prime minister's spokesman said that she was keen for tensions to be deescalated However the rainy and for Mr Jeffords a reef said that the British account of events was in his words worthless and only designed to increase tensions a week after British Marines aborted an Iranian oil tanker suspected of breaching ease sanctions of the coast of broader. So what did happen with this British ship in the Straits of Hormuz the junior defense minister to mysel Wood told News Hour earlier today that his intelligence suggested the tanker had been shunted by Iranian vessels we see this very much as a British flag ship with the red sign going about its business and by b.p. Wanting to bring petroleum out of the Straits of Hormuz was shunted as an attempt to induce their heritage the ship to change its course and force it into Iranian territorial waters where that happened of course that would have taken this into a very very different situation I'm pleased to say that there was a disruption operation was successful we had the Montrose h.m.s. Montrose a Top 23 cricket are working with other nations as well to do exactly what it's intended to do which is to keep trade moving to keep the Straits open Jack Keane is a retired u.s. General who advises President Trump on Iran he sees events in and around the Gulf as part of a much bigger strategic clash while in the notes are probably Ok tional interfering with international war now they are trying to frighten us another nuclear deal the see if they can escalate systems and there's a new European nations a lot going to get it blackmail I suspect around may go back to military provocation again in terms of the structure of possibly actual action against u.s. Or allied forces in the region it's not it's all a toss all of their options you know I really seriously consider. This just the various sides testing each other out or are tensions ratcheting up into some sort of inevitable the much bigger confrontation Barbara Slaven is director of the future of Iran Initiative at the Atlantic Council it's a Washington based think tank and she spoke to me earlier from Washington Well I think it's both I mean you know clearly Iran has changed its past. Here since the United States announced that it was going to try to prevent Iran from exploiting any oil whatsoever This was back in April and since then we've seen a number of things we've seen incidents in the Persian Gulf tankers that have been sabotage a u.s. Drone that was shot down now this incident with the British ship as well as steps that Iran has taken on the nuclear front beginning to breach some of the limits that were set in the 2050 nuclear deal so it's a direct response to u.s. Efforts to choke off oil exports and to strangle the Iranian economy and it is escalation it's a kind of brinkmanship it's also signaling and it's very dangerous we heard from Jack Keane the retired u.s. Army general that the clear strategy ease that once Iran feels the foot on its neck it will have no choice but to come back to the table and sue for a deal which is comes with much more stringent conditions attached what sort of chance do you think that the Iranians may be suspect susceptible to those who are so tied to us I disagree I think that at this point in time especially with the United States announcing that it's going to impose yet more sanctions on Iran that there is no interest in go shooting with the trumpet ministration you know we have a problem of strategic confusion in Washington depending on which official you talk to it's not entirely clear what the policy of the United States is on these issues is it simply to prevent Iran from ever being able to build a nuclear weapon is it changing Iran's intervention strategy in the region is it overthrowing the Iranian government we hear different voices in Washington and it's you know without some clarity I think it's completely unrealistic to believe that Iran would return to the table to negotiate. What but equally you've got the Europeans who are I suppose one might say trying to ride 2 horses which is clearly you know to say that we're going to work with the United States to make sure the tanker traffic still manages to pass through the Straits of Hormuz but still investing hope in the multinational nuclear accord can we carry on writing those 2 horses it's going to be very difficult for them and especially as Iran continues to take steps that that take it out of compliance with the nuclear deal again this was all inevitable when the United States announced more than a year ago that it was going to leave the agreement with nothing to replace it you know there was an effort certainly hope that this deal could be saved but I think that's looking increasingly unlikely and we all have to now bear the consequences of this in terms of threats to tanker traffic in the Gulf and also in terms of other steps that the Iranians are taking on the nuclear front so it's it's a very troubling I wish I could tell you I see a way out of it I mean it's encouraging that the French and others are you know going back and forth trying to see if there is some room for compromise but President Trump has not indicated he's ready for that Barbara Slaven director of the future of Iran an initiative of the Washington based think tank the Atlantic Council. Afghanistan's government is beset by problems of security in the country of corruption among its officials and now by allegations of sexual harassment in May of former advisor to the country's president accuse men in positions of power of trading jobs for sex while the government rejected the claims a b.b.c. Investigation has heard from women who allege they were sexually harassed by top of top officials in order to protect the identity of some of the women in this report their words have been voiced by actors uki Tulum I has this report from Kabul. I was on the record as going to start is often called one of the worst countries in the world to be a woman that cannot handle it has come a long way from the days under a repressive style of biology but freedom for women here is still limited and every day they face the threat of violence rape or heresy and are only in a market I can see fewer women than men and they're covered from head to toe only their faces and hands of visible it would be very common for women to have lewd comments passed of them here or be touched inappropriately. But now they're all worrying allegations that even in government women and see that they're being sexually Harristown by men in positions of power which. Clearly in Kabul to investigate these claims in a conservative male dominated society it's hard for women to speak out but I'll search has finally led us to a former government employee. We're hiding her identity and have changed her voice because she fears a backlash her former boss is a senior minister in the current government all that I remember of Gaza none other than she was asking for a section favor directly from me I told him I'm qualified I never thought you would say such things to me but I stood up to leave he grabbed my hand and took me to a room at the back of his office he pushed me towards it in a minute told me only 5 minutes Don't worry come with me because I pushed him by his chest and said enough don't make miscreant. And of you file a complaint after this incident could out of the letting us know why I resigned from my job I don't trust the government if you speak out everyone will blame the woman she also told us 2 other women had come forward to tell her the same minister had raped them and claims the b.b.c. Has been unable to independently verify. It's not just one individual ministry or department several women we've spoken to have told us that sexual harassment is a widespread in the government and most of them are too afraid to speak out but now we're going to meet another woman who is willing to share her story with us. In fact this is the 1st time she's telling anyone about it and she also wants her identity to be protected so we've changed her voice. She had all but secured a government job when she was asked to meet a close aide of President Usher of Danny Haas give a man as each other did command was humble care as stone but he asked me to come to his own private office he said come sit I will approve your document he was moving closer to me and then said let's drink and have sex and it was really shocking I got scared and I left she didn't get the job. As she tells her story she breaks down once she composes herself she continues My dad had my figure you can get if you go to complain to a judge the police a prosecutor or any of those they will ask you for sex so if they are doing that who can you go to and it's like it's become part of the culture now that every man and around you wanted to have sex with you in Kabul such stories have either gone untold or were discussed in hushed whispers until they were thrust into the spotlight in me but they can all go through that so my general hobby will Emmett's like a former adviser to the president now his political rival who spoke about it on television the president's office declined the B.B.C.'s request for an interview but privately I'll be working with they referred us to an earlier statement where they said General Amazonas allegations your baseless are the response that the government gave is like the fence up for coffee is a prominent women's rights activist and a former parliamentarian I think the culture of impunity is one of the reasons the people who commit this. Trial so therefore the man who are the perpetrators feel protected a probe is being conducted by the Office of the attorney general I met their spokesman jump ship recently. Behind his desk the photo of the president hangs on the wall I asked him why people would believe their investigation is impartial when the attorney general is a man appointed by the president not what the Constitution is given the right to the attorney general to be independent We've also asked activists Muslim clerics and human rights organizations to be a part of the investigation those who cooperate with us but we will make provisions to keep them and their families safe for. Democracy here has come at the cost of the deadly war more women are in parliament and in government now. But if they're not considered safe places to work by the people of Afghanistan this progress could come to a halt. You need to remind with that report from Kabul this is News and. Coming up on the program we're in the Amazon measuring the staggering amount of carbon that the trees there absorb so there's one for example it's $15.00 centimeters and once we do it the thing for the tray. So when you come again you're going to measure and I think. That Amazon is for thorough much farther that is helping us fight climate change but how far is that fight being undermined by deforestation more on that in just over 10 minutes and one headline for you the u.s. State Department has blamed Iran's Revolutionary Guard for trying to harass a British oil tanker in the Strait of Hormuz. This is news live from the b.b.c. With me Tim Franks in Germany the coal industries being set a difficult challenge at present the country relies on coal for 40 percent of the electricity it generates but earlier this year a government appointed commission recommended that Germany stop burning coal by 2038. Climate activists have turned the humbucker forest close to Cologne and into their front line but not all the locals welcomed their involvement as to Mansell reports on b. B. B. M b one Sunday every month protesters flock in the hundreds of the humbucker forest or the Hamby as they call it. Was. There's not much left of it now it's perhaps 10 percent of its original size the rest has been destroyed over the last 40 years by the humbucker coal mine it's a surface mining that moves slowly across the landscape swallowing everything in its path can I ask you that's why you've come to the yeah it's such an important topic and I'm reading about climate change all the time and here it's like it's summer like I experienced history while happening so let me ask you this is it more important for you that the forests should remain as it is the small part of the forest here or that the company should stop digging coal definitely that the company stuff they can call I mean of course the 1st is the symbol but they already destroyed it I would say I mean I don't even know if it can survive another because the Army of course I hope that it survives but it's not just about the forests now it's the big symbol that it's it's bigger than the forest it's bigger than fast if that and if. The mining devours more than trees houses indeed whole villages are being pulled down to make way for it. This is the village of Mannheim and this is what it sounds like when a digger rips through the roof of a house. Claudia and Marco your corpse have already seen their house destroyed. This was your house yes. The old one. There's not much to see you know a little bit broken now there's a pile of rocks a few tree stumps a little bit of undergrowth and a rather lonely looking pine tree I think in the background when you're near Claudia and Marco have now moved to the new village that's being built about 5 kilometers away they sold the old house to the mining company and have now rebuilt but a few people still live in the Village Court and silly hookers for example who used to run the pub and they've had what they calls uninvited guests. And. I want to show you. So the broken windows leave you 2 off of one of them so broken through the door The rid of the curtains down though hung blankets over the windows so that there was no light showing the unwelcome guests in the garden house at the back of the pub what climate activists the hardcore people who last year were living in tree houses in the forest as Marco your crops remembers last summer we had these house occupations do protesters occupied house here village empty handed houses we hurt many old people who was really afraid because de tell their masked people running across the street. It's not clear that was much sympathy for the activists within the village although most of the $1600.00 people who lived here have now moved out this is so recent to being told what to do by outsiders to go to from here. Xen a live different house and Pascoe is one of those outsiders a photographer and self declared activist see understands that coal and mining are cultural traditions here but he's on repentant the climate he says is simply more important. To men's souls in Germany and you can hear more from Tim on the b.b.c. World Service Program assignment. From time to time we try to prop up the latest advances in artificial intelligence is the latest way mark on that path at least according to a paper published today in the journal Science is that for the 1st time an artificial intelligence program has defeated leading poker professionals in a 6 way no limit session of Texas Hold'em the world's most popular version of the came one of those top poker players who lost to the ai program but his game enough to come on The News Hour and talk about it is Michael Galliano So it was all done over the computer before each session I was given you know kind of the links to each table that we're going to be playing most sessions we played 4 tables at a time and I would just simply like log in through the computer and do it that way they had the set up on their end so for me it was just like playing online poker what I usually do you know most days of the year right when you say you were playing 4 tables were there the players at the same time alongside you playing this program yeah they were they were to set up through the experiment so it was 6 players at the table at a time there was one set up where there was one human and 5 a eyes all playing independently and the 2nd set up where there were 5 humans and one ai. I was part of the one where it was 5 humans and one Ai and 3 session I played it was the same 5 humans at all they balls that I was playing at once and over a period of the ai program came out on top it did so in it in any sort of multi handed multi you know competitor format of poker it is possible for more than one person able to win or to lose the big takeaway from this is that the did not lose it did win and there were you know humans that were lost in these games why is this. An achievement I mean I've read it hides the professional poker players are an intelligent bunch but so of chess players and you know we used to the idea of computer programs being able to beat the best chess players in the world what do you think it is about poker that means that this is a significant advance in ai the biggest advancement is that it's a multi person format it's not just one on one there have been programs developed there have been and I use in the past they've only been able to play one on one against one single on it this is an a I looking at a table full of people and still coming out on top the amount of possible scenarios possible decisions different variables that happen when you add people is is just exponential and astronomical in the past no one thought to be possible for a computer to actually be able to win be able to play a good strategy but they they've done it and I guess the thing here is that it's not just simply about calculating the odds which are difficult in themselves but but it's the poker depends on bluff and that Masry of subterfuge is something that you wouldn't normally associate with a computer program Ok so poker has always been a game where me and you are sitting across the table for each other and you make a bet and I kind of look at you it kind of had a read you look at your body language think about what you've been doing the rest of the night and I kind of figure out does he have a good handers he's bluffing However at the highest levels poker has been you know really mathematics theory based game for a number of years now so what top players are doing is they're not just looking at the hand that they had in the moment and think about the hand that you have in the moment they're thinking about the hand that they have plus all the other hand that they might have been the same to 2 Asian and I'm thinking about what you have right now and also taking into account what you. In this situation we call that thing about a player's range the sort of thing about just one single hand and where you will he had an ai knowing that that's what they're doing it every moment and there's no motion there's no you know if you just what if the I just lost the big and it's not going to be frustrated and play this next and a little boringly. Knowing that it makes it really hard to play against Michael retaining his best poker face up against a a I this is news or. The Summer of Love fun drive is taking place now through July 14th Have you been listening for a while but haven't had a chance to contribute Here's your invitation to show us some love by making a contribution We'll show you that can Times back make a contribution between now and the end of our fund. And be automatically entered into a drawing to win a pair of 3 day passes with camping included to the August box best of all in Lyon and remember if you're a parent for local radio or solar member you'll be automatically entered into the drawing don't wait. Org and make a contribution to enter to win. Some Trump signals he's going to make another attempt to get a question on citizenship somehow into next year's u.s. Census or connected to next year's u.s. Census despite a supremum call block the cocoa farmers of Colombia on changing their crops and Britain's main opposition party sinks further into the mire over allegations of anti Semitism after the summaries of us. B.b.c. News with Jonathan Izod a u.s. Congressional committee controlled by Democrats has voted in favor of summoning 12 of President Trump's current and former officials to testify about alleged corruption and obstruction of justice in the White House Republicans have criticized the committee's actions as partisan the u.s. State Department has condemned what it called the Iranian Revolutionary Guards attempts to Harris a British oil tanker in the Strait of Hormuz Iran denies confronting any foreign ships in the Gulf but Britain's Navy said it had to intervene on Wednesday to protect a merchant vessel from Iranian military craft President Trump is to address the media shortly about the route over including a question on citizenship in the 2020 census there's speculation speculation that he may issue an executive order to get the question included but other reports say he may instead order a separate survey a court has for the 1st time all of the German government to bring family members of a suspected Islamic state fighter back to Germany the case concerns 3 children and their mother living in a refugee camp in Syria the mayor of New Orleans has warned that a tropical storm moving towards the coast of Louisiana could bring 48 hours of continuous rain can trial warned residents to seek shelter or leave the city the United Nations Refugee Agency and the International Organization for Migration have urged the European Union to resume coordinated neighbor patrols in the Mediterranean to rescue migrants they also said support for the Libyan coast guard should be made conditional on any rescued migrants they return to Libya not being detained. In France a trial has begun of 3 far right activists who took part in a symbolic operation aimed at stopping migrants crossing an Alpine pass from Italy the group says the trial is politically motivated and there are growing signs that Saudi Arabia may be planning to ease its rules on male guardianship of women sources in the kingdom have reportedly said that the rules on women needing the permission of a male relative to travel may be relaxed b.b.c. World Service news. Next on News Hour will dive into the row in Washington over including a question on citizenship on the 2020 United States sent us census something the President Trump wishes for and says he's going to come back and look at again but which is so far being blocked by the Supreme Court before that as we've been reporting recently the rate of deforestation in the Amazon has suddenly spiked under Brazil's new president Chaya balls Naru an area of trees the size of a football pitch is being cleared every single minute and that releases huge amounts of carbon dioxide into the air a cast that of course is warming the planet and scientists are warning that what's happening to the Amazon has implications for all of us as science editor David Shipman reports on the latest research them of them cannot speak up for the trees got speak up and their reading point I'm with Erica Beringer a Brazilian scientist based at Oxford University who's been working in the Amazon for the past 10 years. Erika has set us off the task of working out how much carbon the trees absorb from the atmosphere she uses a tape measure to record their diameters and then mark the point with spray paint so this is done for example. Feed point 6 centimeters and I want to do it the thing for the tree. So when you come again you're going to measure and think. That Amazon is for thorough much carbon that is helping us fight climate change this keep in carbon on the ground on the forest and it's not in the atmosphere on your neck right yeah you're not for that. Is there a message. Behind her laughter Erika is worried about the attitude of the new Brazilian government previous administrations managed to reduce the forest. Ation this one is openly talking of encouraging more development here it's really frightening because the government is ace putting out a lot of proposals to reduce protected areas which is going to increase far as last one angle of her research is the threat of forest fires which are becoming more frequent in the Amazon probably because of human activity for someone who started and got to know the same trees for years it was heartbreaking when some of them burned to the other 15 was an El Nino year the super super super dry had 8 months in the region of drought and our ministers have 4 so the fire scored the spread and then I saw my set of pots my areas just burning underneath my feet there was nothing I could do and I'm still same age she's dying so trees that I knew from I have alone show this tree like their tree because once there was a beautiful butterfly now it's going. For hour after hour Erica drives us down twisting tracks there's so much she wants to show us and all the time there's a nagging question about the future of the great forest I was there we're here in the air because every day here there's something new and I really hope that I am as and as they are here Erica Baringo speaking to science editor David Shipman in the hours of. This is news hour live from the b.b.c. World Service in London I'm Jim Franks a couple of weeks ago we reported on the u.s. Supreme Court ruling to block the trumpet an instruction from adding a question to next year's census the question would have been whether the person being surveyed was a citizen of the country state and local governments and advocacy groups would challenge that attempt saying it would deter households with minority and in particular undocumented immigrants from filling in the census and that in turn could skew the distribution of federal funding and the congressional seats the administration creates part argue that his intention was to improve the enforcement of voting rights legislation. When 30 minutes will say President Trump has indicated he will be announcing an executive action possibly an executive order on the issue Kym Whitley is a professor at the university Baltimore School of Law and author of How To Read the Constitution and why so what's to stop President Trump from framing the census question many way that he wants to well there's a statute called the census actually sets forth the procedures for actually putting questions on the census Congress under the u.s. Constitution has the authority and the Parag have to conduct the census Congress has given that work to the Department of Commerce but there's a statutory structure that must be complied with and that's what the Supreme Court found was problematic with Wilbur Ross secretary will Ross attempting to add the question So what it sounds like Mr Trump is considering is really an end run around the statute around the Supreme Court decision and doing something by virtue of his raw power as president under Article 2 of the Constitution Roy when you say in Enron and in other words trying to get round the legislative process but can he try and I had a question on citizenship into the census Who do you think you'll be talking about a separate sort of survey all together well the latest what I understand from the news wires is that he's considering a separate process but I think that is a bit of window dressing because the issue with respect to actually adding something to the census form is that it requires people to respond if they do not respond or they respond erroneous Lee They can be fined if the president has some sort of additional survey it might satisfy his base that he's actually following up on this pledge to go forward on with the census of citizenship question but it would not have the same force of law that actually adding it to the census form. Would have which is a suspension what the Supreme Court said he cannot do now he could try to do this by executive order that would be challenged in the courts I doubt that that challenge would be resolved in time for the census in 2020 My guess is this is affectively going to be kicked to 2030 although some people believe that it's that dissed this drama around the question will create sufficient fear in citizens that they won't respond anyway even if there is no legal obstacle to responding right and that theory is based on the idea that would they need to in the census and or in some sort of a coming survey and suggest that they didn't have the right documentation they were undocumented migrants in the in the jargon that that information would be shared between the government agencies in the mean they might be put in peril sure and we're seeing reports that the president is considering wide scale round ups by. Undocumented immigrants over the weekend we also know that President Obama with his doco order executive order that was sort of re neck down by president trumps of people who register and under that thinking they were safe but then that information was shared with federal authorities that later used it as a basis for immigration action so I think there's a legitimate fear that whatever they're told is Ok to do later down the road it won't be Ok and they'll see themselves their family members their loved ones deported when they want to stay here professor came with me from the University of Baltimore School of Law. The illicit drugs trade has fueled Colombia's internal armed conflict for decades and yet the country is producing more cocaine than ever and that is why President do Kay says he will reinstate the country's controversial aerial fumigation program suspended because of health and environmental concerns in the coming weeks it's also why as part of the 2016 peace agreement the previous Colombian government agreed to an ambitious crop substitution scheme those dependent on growing the coca plant the roaring greedy and for cocaine had been offered incentives to destroy their crops and grow alternatives but cocoa farmers were not happy Matthew Charles reports from the straight state of Antioch here in northern climes here. In the town of Santa Anita hundreds of cocoa farmers took to the streets to protest they said they'd held up their side of the deal with the government by destroying their coca crops but more than a year later the funds they were promised had not arrived. The farms on the hills close by he voluntarily eradicated his one hectare of coca but said he was now struggling to put food on the table and ask what little of it but it is good for Could we have been left on the bread line we have stopped doing what was bringing in the food trust in the state has left us practically suffering from hunger. We were arrived at. Quite clearly see where the coca plants were kept before the grass is brown the soil dry. Said the 600 farming families in his community had been abandoned and he had a warning for the government I'll highlight the photo. Because it hopefully this program will arrive here as quickly as possible because if not people will return to growing coca So we demand the state complies with its commitments because there are no alternatives the government it seems in this case listened and shortly after I met Fabien the promised funding came through but tens of thousands of others across Colombia are still waiting and the program has been suspended for new applicants but the media the presidential commission responsible for cocoa substitution says voluntary substitution is an important part of government policy for the party scene of the press and. Is to use all means party want to fight against corruption that means airports are very cation that means with aerial. Spraying. And also the entire substitution we have to not weaken the program we're here to strengthen the program. 700 kilometers away from Centauri there is Calcutta one of Colombia's biggest coca growing regions where the slopes aligned with the losses green of the coca plant and the roads here only go so far the coca growing community is a hidden in the hills on the margins of society. So when Trekking for about 40 minutes through the mountains we climb to steep slopes cross streams and walk through to chase there's absolutely no infrastructure in this part of the world. Cler. But it's where after 2 hours we stumble across the very heart of the problem an illegal makeshift laboratory where a group of young men are mixing coca leaves with water and acid in a barrel and using cement and petrol to create coca paste they tell is this paste is taken elsewhere to be crystallized and converted into cocaine there's no narco bling here these farmers are at the bottom of the international supply chain Thank God none of them at the would be Jorge who doesn't want to give his surname denies he's a criminal and says he's simply doing what he can to get by now Market Fund has a habit of a signal. That the government will do this out of his or city if not we would die of hunger because of legal crops do not bring enough for survival. But. I've traveled on to carcass regional capital Popeye and to meet another group or frustrated cocoa farmers at a conference they call on the government to honor its commitments made and of the peace agreement they're especially worried about the aerial fumigation program. Where you come from today they don't they were knowing. They were from the municipality about Hillier in the south of Colombia why have you come here today what gave you not what it costs and here you have for example is a place said to be fumigated many times and every time this happens it just leaves destruction destruction of the environment destruction of food crops destruction of animals and destruction of families. There may be music after the talking but the mood of the farmers is one of growing anger the government has made explicit commitments to $900000.00 families as part of the substitution program and tens of thousands of others now blocks from the scheme remain in limbo Colombia's fragile peace may well depend on finding a sustainable solution to the coke issue and quickly. Matthew Charles reporting from northern Colombia. Norwegian researchers of found hugely elevated radiation levels at the site of the wreck of a Russian Navy submarine which sank in the Norwegian Sea 30 years ago reports say that the amount of radiation are well leave it to Hilda Elise held the leader of the research group from the Norwegian Institute of Marine Research to tell you just how many times above the normal they were the last we found was actually 100000 or a 1000000 times higher the level they find in seawater. But the levels we find in the Norwegian Sea are very very low so even though the findings in this type of summer Let's is really an times higher the levels are actually time Ok So clearly the next question is how alarming this is you are sounding terribly calm. And you are saying indeed that the levels and are not high but should we be worried I'm not worried about. I can give you just to put this into context after the tsunami accident in a region government is an element of 600 kilos for fruit. Well we have 3rd in seawater which is not fruit but the levels found between $1800.00. And the limit this 600 kilo so most of the samples we measured were actually below this limit I'm I right in thinking this went down quite close to an important fishing ground the submarine lies in an audience. Most of our fishing takes place in the Barents Sea which is much further east and we have done modeling looking at what would happen if all. 37 in Dallas well least that it's not going to make any difference just. A thought in fish and if you're talking about submarines and in particular nuclear submarines these are. Tend not to be things that have been discussed very openly their concern at all in Norway about the possibility that there might be other wrecks that you don't know about which could pose a bit more of a danger. We know about through example wreck. Shield which is slowing much closer to the rich fishing grounds at the much more depth so that that's more of the concern that the consulate's which lies on so many in 100 meters that the Norwegian marine scientist Hilda Elise held. This is nice and. It's Cajun you Summer of Love fund drive and we're asking listeners why they love the station I'm task and I love Kadian you know because I just think a place for clean information is super important and I think if you knew there's a really good job of bringing that forward in the community show your love for us today and Cajun you know dot org. A reminder of a top story this hour London has called for a lowering of tensions in the Gulf following a confrontation between a British warship and 3 Iranian vessels but British ships have been told to take extra precautions Barbara Slaven from the Atlantic Council think tank in Washington d.c. Told this program that such clashes have become pretty much inevitable since the u.s. Left the Iran nuclear agreement with nothing yet to replace it there was an effort certainly hope that this deal could be saved but I think that's looking increasingly unlikely and we all have to now bear the consequences of this in terms of threats to tanker traffic in the Gulf and also in terms of other steps that the Iranians are taking on the nuclear front. This is news or live from the b.b.c. World Service in London with meet Tim Franks and in Britain you might think that the main opposition Labor Party would be in bullishly optimistic mood the government could save lives have just lost their 2nd prime minister to break sit agonies and they're currently ripping into each other in the election for their new party leader but labor and its leader Jeremy Corbyn have not been coming out well in opinion polls that may be in part down to what some of seen as an equivocal confusing approach to BRICs it but undoubtedly a long running controversy over the party's handling of internal anti semitism has also tarnished Labor ever since the avowedly left wing Jeremy Corbyn became party leader in 2015 so some of his most ardent supporters have been accused of holding and espousing vitriolically anti Jewish views and that many of those in power within the party have not done remotely enough to rid labor of this scourge now an investigation by b.b.c. T.v. Panorama programme as broadcast claims from former party insiders talking about their experiences either on the receiving end of anti semitic abuse or claiming that some of Mr Corbin's closest allies tried actively to interfere in disciplinary process is involving allegations of anti Semitism among the testimonies I am is the longer I joined the Labor Party in 2050. Yards mythic abuse I received was what I was objecting to every single day. Telling me Hitler was right telling me Hitler did not go far and our. Party meetings we've seen people engage in Holocaust denial and that's terrifying for Jewish members. Absolutely breaks my heart to say I did I think the Labor Party is safe space for Jewish people and. Then Westerman was a member of Labour's disputes team he described one occasion when he conducted an interview with someone accused of anti semitism and we finished the interview person got up to leave the room and turned back to me and said Are you from. And I said What do you mean where am I from and she said I asked you where you're from and I said I'm not prepared to discuss this and they said are you from Israel. What can you say to that you are assumed to be. In cahoots with the Israeli government is this obsession with the fact that just spills over all the time and to bunch some it isn't. The live audience said the some of the criticisms made of it over its handling of anti-Semitism motivated by a campaign to undermine the party leader Matthews was head of disputes in labor and one of the former staffers who made the allegations broadcast on the b.b.c. He categorically deny that charge and party officials I just think that diminishes an issue that is so important this is not a matter of petty internal Labor Party politics this is issue of racism and so to attempts to duck the issue of dealing with the central charges raised by the program by questioning our motivations I think speaks to the fact that the Labor Party cannot answer the central charge that it is an institutional anti-Semitic and what is telling and typical has been the disparity in response from some of the most senior people in labor as I mentioned the party's official response has been to dismiss these new claims as inaccurate and part of a campaign to undermine Jeremy Corbyn but the party's deputy leader Tom Watson said the dismissing the testimony of the former staff was wrong and that he only felt dismay about the whole thing he said Mr Coburn could resolve the issue but that depended on a wholesale change in approach to the problem not only do I think he can fix it I think he is the only one that can fix it and if he adopts some of the proposals that I'm making then these rule changes will go through our party it won't be enough to rebuild trust with the Jewish community but it will be a start of trying to challenge a culture of permissiveness. Allows anti Jewish racism to be casually used in political discussion within one of the 2 great parties in the United Kingdom So how significant are these latest allegations and how damaging is the accusation of being grained anti semitism inside the leg of r.t. Rob Watson is our political correspondent. With deeply damaging and I guess if I take a couple of your questions How big is the problem I mean I think it's clearly massive I think the b.b.c. And others reporting has suggests that there has been an explosion in the incidence and allegations of anti Semitism since Jeremy Corbin became leader of the Labor Party in the summer of 2015 and I think all the anecdotal and polling evidence suggests that this has been deeply deeply damaging to the way that people see the opposition Labor Party and it's just one of the factors at least and it's truly dismal showing in the polls because as you were saying right at the very start I mean you would have thought that the main opposition party at a time like this when the government is at sixes and sevens divided chaos over Bracks it would be absolute dream and for the main opposition and now we have an increasing number of whistle blows me far more than appeared on the b.b.c. T.v. Programme saying the big going to be submitting evidence to this this investigation by this statute to be Equality and Human Rights Commission into and Semitism in labor I mean is there's no sense here that Labor is touch bottom No absolutely not I mean you're talking about a huge number of incidents because I think the b.b.c. And others have recorded that there were over $600.00 complaints of anti semitism in a period of just 10 months earlier this year so you're looking at a high volume and there is this sort of sense that that for whatever reason that the Labor leadership under Jeremy Corbin are simply been unable or unwilling to get to grips with the problem now Labor says that it is starting to do that but you do have to pinch yourself and it is utterly extraordinary that one of Britain's main political parties is being investigated as you said Bias body that deals with racism in its It's almost unthinkable and it may seem like a side issue but I suppose it just adds to the agonies. Labor's been very critical of bad companies corporations powerful people using these things called non-disclosure agreements to get former staff not to talk about their experiences they did precisely that with these staffers Yes I mean critics are calling this sort of rank hypocrisy of people listening will be familiar with the n.b.a. Is it something that the companies and organizations use to make sure that former employees don't sort of spill the beans as some confidentiality is after they leave the Labor Party or said that it wants to buy an n.d.a. Is it didn't think that this was a good any good part of employment law but actually in this particular case we know that presumably considerable expense not only did the Labor Party get employees former employees to sign India but they then actually sent out threatening letters from an expensive lawyer to try and get them to stick to them and of course the those who had signed them some of them are said look we think we are released from this under the under the protection of sort of public interest. That was our political correspondent Rob Watson and that's it from this edition of news happening meet in pranks and the rest of the team in London thank you very much for listening. This program is where to buy a key view and you will still remembers him by question sustainable well. This is k.g. And you Boulder Denver and Fort Collins and it is just coming up on 6 o'clock and a big thank you to everyone who is supporting us during our summer of love fund drive and we'd like to thank the generous local Boulder businesses that have donated food it to fuel our volunteers a big thanks to black belly for breakfast at Lucky's market for our delicious lunch savory cuisines catering for dinner and their Cajun you truly is a labor of love and a huge thank you to all of these folks for showing their love I'm pleased to join us in thanking those businesses for supporting your community radio station k.g. And you now you too could support the station with a contribution on it this Thursday evening it's as simple as going to the phones and calling 303-449-4885 extension 8 is 6 o'clock Stay tuned for it's the economy. Support comes from Vo mobility services Boulder County is nonprofit community agency enhancing mobility is via its cause via believes that all people have a right to easily access the mobility options they need to enhance their independence and quality of life for more information visit via Colorado dot org. And. Good evening and welcome to it's the economy for this 11th day of July 2019 I'm your host this evening Liz lane and we are in the Summer of Love a mini fund drive here the only Thursday night that you'll be listening to public affairs programming and we hope you will give us a call during this hour and pledge your support to k.g. And you and specifically to the economic issues that are covered in this space every single Thursday night for 11 years I am in the studio with news director made Conran and we have a really interesting interview tonight we are going to be talking with Ellen Brown she is an attorney and chairwoman of the public banking Institute which she founded in 2008 she's also the author of 12 books including web of debt and the public bank solution she will be speaking with me and a pretty recorded interview tonight about her new book called Banking on the people to the democratization of money in the digital age. The 1st part of the interview sort of sets the table a little bit public but public banking if you've been a listener on this program we have covered this issue several times over the last 8 or 9 years actually and there's quite a robust movement in Colorado to establish a public bank it is gone down to the titling board a couple of times and been kicked out due to the very very heavy duty lobbying of the banking sector public bank would replace spanking as we know it it would allow the state of Colorado to follow the 100 Year example of North Dakota which is the only state that has its own public bank and allow Colorado to collect all of its tax revenues all of its licensing fees all the revenue that the state comes in deposit it in its own bank rather than issuing bonds for public infrastructure projects or schools or hospitals all the things that Colorado issues bonds for and pays bond holders interest on instead those funds would be available for low cost loans at the local level for infrastructure and whatever else the community needs it's a very active and robust movement more than 20 states have some kind of activity going on and I opened up my interview with Ellen Brown asking her to give us an update.