Ce well, were back, and since bb didnt really tell us what he really felt just before we went st break calling this wrestle pan yarks we want to hear more. Well, i mean, if done all truch was trying to broaden his appeal tonight, where in this speech did he do that . Do you think he made a new appeal that africanamericans will like . Did he make the new appeal that women will like . Will he did he make a new appeal that mexican americans, people of hispanic dissent will like . I think he talked directly to his base. And i dont see his message going much furthered than that. You know, i have always thought these debates are about more than just the issues. Well, tonight you saw donald trump in full. John, i heard from another republican tonight who was predicting there would be more defekses tomorrow in the key, would be speaker paul ryan, not that he will defek but what will he do. What paul ryan does is very important. And the, you know, well just have to wait and see what he rate this debate. Perhaps the most important member of the audience tonight. Thank you. Ie much, bob schieffer. And from myself and gayle king, thank you so much for watching, for many of you, your local news t, next, and on the west, 60 minutes. Were getting on a plane heading back to new york. Well see you in the morning on cbs this morning. Take care. ,,,,,,,, captioning funded by cbs and ford. We go further, so you can. Rose Artificial Intelligence or a. I. Is on the verge of changing everything. And tech giants like i. B. M. And google are investing billions into it. This is essentially a child. But as its given data and outcomes, it learns and as it interacts with humans, it gets even smarter and it never forgets. Rose you may not know it, but a. I. Is in your smartphone, your home and your car. Its also helping patients and doctors in ways they could have only imagined. Rose did this blow your mind . Oh, totally blew my mind. Rose whats on the horizon for Artificial Intelligence. Mind blowing progress and important questions. My goal is to become smarter than humans and immortal. Cranston i didnt feel entitled to become a star. I didnt expect it. Kroft did you want it . Cranston not really. Kroft Bryan Cranston knocked around hollywood for decades before landing his first leading role at age 50. Then, transformation kroft . Walter white on breaking bad. I am the danger kroft a tough act to follow. Yet somehow he managed to do it, playing president lyndon johnson. Were making history here, everett, and you have to decide how you want history to remember you. Im steve kroft. Im leslie stahl. Im bill whitaker. Im anderson cooper. Im charlie rose. Im scott pelley. Those stories and more, tonight on this special extended edition of 60 minutes. Proud supporter of growing businesses. Good evening apple and samsung take their patent case to the u. S. Supreme court on actual. The logic estimates Hurricane Matthew caused up to 6 billion in damage in three states. And citigroup, wells fargo and j. P. Morgan chase report earnings on friday on cbs news. Constipated . Trust number one doctor recommended dulcolax use dulcolax tablets for gentle overnight relief suppositories for relief in minutes and stool softeners for comfortable relief of hard stools. Dulcolax, designed for dependable relief lots of vitamins a c, and, only 50 calories a serving. Good morning, indeed. V8. Veggies for all. Burning, pinsandneedles of beforediabetic nerve pain, these feet played shortstop in high school, learned the horn from my dad and played gigs from new york to miami. But i couldnt bear my diabetic nerve pain any longer. So i talked to my doctor and he prescribed lyrica. Nerve damage from diabetes causes diabetic nerve pain. Lyrica is fda approved to treat this pain, from moderate to even severe diabetic nerve pain. Lyrica may cause serious allergic reactions or suicidal thoughts or actions. Tell your doctor right away if you have these, new or worsening depression, or unusual changes in mood or behavior. Or swelling, trouble breathing, rash, hives, blisters, muscle pain with fever, tired feeling or blurry vision. Common side effects are dizziness, sleepiness, weight gain and swelling of hands, legs, and feet. Dont drink alcohol while taking lyrica. Dont drive or use machinery until you know how lyrica affects you. Those who have had a drug or alcohol problem may be more likely to misuse lyrica. Now i have less diabetic nerve pain. And these feet would like to keep the beat going. Ask your doctor about lyrica. Rose the search to improve and eventually perfect Artificial Intelligence is driving the Research Labs of some of the most advanced and bestknown american corporations. They are investing billions of dollars and many of their best Scientific Minds in pursuit of that goal. All that money and manpower has begun to pay off. In the past few years, Artificial Intelligence, or a. I. , has taken a big leap, making important strides in areas like medicine and military technology. What was once in the realm of Science Fiction has become day today reality. Youll find a. I. Routinely in your smart phone, in your car, in your household appliances, and it is on the verge of changing everything. It was, for decades, primitive technology, but it now has abilities we never expected. It can learn through experience much the way humans do. And it wont be long before machines, like their human creators, begin thinking for themselves creatively, independently, with judgement, sometimes better judgement than humans have. The technology is so promising that i. B. M. Has staked its 105 yearold reputation on its version of Artificial Intelligence called watson, one of the most sophisticated computing systems ever built. John kelly this is a supercomputer with watson intelligence. Rose john kelly is the head of research at i. B. M. And the godfather of watson. He took us inside watsons brain. Oh, here we are. Kelly here we are. Rose you can feel the heat already. Kelly you can feel the heat, the 85,000 watts. You can hear the blowers cooling it. But this is the hardware that the brains of watson sat in. Reporter five years ago, i. B. M. Built this system made up of 90 servers and 15 terrabytes of memory, enough capacity to process all the books in the American Library of congress. That was necessary because watson is an avid reader, able to consume the equivalent of a million books per second. Today, watsons hardware is much smaller, but it is just as smart. Rose tell me about watsons intelligence. Kelly so, it has no inherent intelligence as it starts. Its essentially a child. But as its given data and given outcomes, it learns, which is dramatically different than all computing systems in the past, which really learned nothing. And as it interacts with humans, it gets even smarter. And it never forgets. Rose that helped watson land a spot on one of the most challenging editions of the gameshow jeopardy in 2011. Announcer an i. B. M. Computer system able to understand and analyze natural language, watson. applause rose it took five years to teach watson human language so it would be ready to compete against two of the shows best champions. Alex trebek so, lets play. Rose because watsons a. I. Is only as intelligent as the data it ingests, kellys team trained it on all of wikipedia and thousands of newspapers and books. It worked by using Machine Learning algorithms to find patterns in that massive amount of data and formed its own observations. When asked a question, watson considered all the information and came up with an educated guess. Trebek watson, what are you going to wager . Reporter i. B. M. Gambled its reputation on watson that night. It wasnt a sure bet. Watson i will take a guess. What is bagdad . Trebek even though you were only 32 sure of your response, you are correct. applause rose the wager paid off. Hello rose for the first time, a Computer System proved it could actually master human language and win a gameshow. But that wasnt i. B. M. s endgame. Man, thats a big day, isnt it . Kelly thats a big day. Rose the day that you realize that, if we can do this. Kelly thats right. Rose . The future is ours. Kelly thats right. Rose this is almost like youre watching something grow up. I mean, youve seen. Kelly it is. Rose . The birth, youve seen it pass the test, youre watching adolescence. Kelly thats a great analogy. Actually, on that jeopardy game five years ago, i. When we put that Computer System on television, we let go of it. And i often feel as though i was putting my child on a school bus and i would no longer have control over it. Rose because it was reacting to something that it did not know what would it be . Kelly it. It had no idea what questions it was going to get. It was totally selfcontained. I couldnt touch it any longer. And its learned ever since. So, fastforward from that game show, five years later, were. Were in cancer now. Rose youre. Youre in cancer . Youve gone. Kelly were. Yeah, to cancer. Rose . From game show to cancer in five years . Kelly in five years. In five years. Rose five years ago, watson had just learned how to read and answer questions; now, its gone through medical school. I. B. M. Has enlisted 20 top cancer institutes to tutor watson in genomics and oncology. One of the places watson is currently doing its residency is at the university of North Carolina at chapel hill. Dr. Ned sharpless runs the Cancer Center here. What did you know about Artificial Intelligence and watson before i. B. M. Suggested it might make a contribution in medical care . Sharpless i. Not much, actually. I had watched it play jeopardy. Rose yes. Sharpless so, i knew about that. And i was very skeptical. I was, like, oh, this what we need, the jeopardyplaying computer. Thats going to solve everything. Rose so, what fed your skepticism . Sharpless cancers tough business. Theres a lot of false prophets and false promises. So, i. Im skeptical of sort of almost any new idea in cancer. I just didnt really understand what it would do. Rose what watsons a. I. Technology could do is essentially what dr. Sharpless and his team of experts do every week at this molecular tumor board meeting. We need to figure this out. Rose they come up with possible Treatment Options for Cancer Patients who already failed standard therapies. They try to do that by sorting through all of the latest medical journals and trial data, but it is nearly impossible to keep up. I dont think theres a trial open yet. Rose to be on top of everything thats out there, all the trials that have taken place around the world, it seems like an incredible task. Sharpless well, yeah, its. Rose . For any one university, only one facility to do. Sharpless yeah, its. Its essentially undoable. And understand we have sort of 8,000 new Research Papers published every day. You know, no one has time to read 8,000 papers a day. So, we. We found that we were deciding on therapy based on information that was always, in some cases, 12, 24 months out of date. Rose however, its a task thats elementary for watson. Sharpless they taught watson to read medical literature essentially in about a week. It was not very hard. And then, watson read 25 million papers in about another week. And then, it also scanned the web for Clinical Trials open at other centers. And all of the sudden, we had this complete list that was sort of everything one needed to know. Rose did this blow your mind . Sharpless oh, totally blew my mind. We have the watson recommendation. Rose watson was proving itself to be a quick study, but dr. Sharpless needed further validation. He wanted to see if watson could find the same genetic mutations that his team identified when they make treatment recommendations for Cancer Patients. Sharpless we did an analysis of 1,000 patients where the humans meeting in the molecular tumor board, doing the best that they could do, had made recommendations. So, not at all a hypothetical exercise. These are realworld patients where we really conveyed information that could gar. Guide care. In 99 of those cases, watson found the same thing the humans recommended. That was encouraging. Rose did it encourage your confidence in watson . Sharpless yeah, it was. It was nice to see that, well, it was also. It encouraged my confidence in the humans, you know. laughter yeah, you know. Sharpless but the probably more exciting part about it is, in 30 of the patients, watson found something new. And so, thats 300plus people where watson identified a treatment that a wellmeaning, hardworking group of physicians hadnt found. Rose because . Sharpless the trial had opened twoweeks earlier, a paper had come out in some journal no one had seen, you know. A new therapy had become approved. Rose 30 , though . Sharpless we were very. That. That. That. That part was disconcerting because i. I thought it was going to be 5 . Rose disconcerting that the watson found. Sharpless yeah. Rose . 30 . Sharpless yeah. These were real, you know, things that, by our own definition, we wouldve considered actionable had we known about it at the time of the diagnosis. Rose some cases, like the case of pam sharpe, got a second look to see if something had been missed. When did they tell you about the watson trial . Sharpe he called me in january. He said that they had sent off my sequencing to. To be studied at i. B. M. By watson. I said, like the. Rose your genomic sequencing . Sharpe right. I said, like the computer on jeopardy . And he said, yeah. Rose yes. laughs ; and whatd you think of that . Sharpe oh, i thought, wow, thats pretty cool. laughs rose pam has metastatic Bladder Cancer and for eight years has tried and failed several therapies. At 66yearsold, she was running out of options. And at this time for you, watson was the best thing out there because youd tried Everything Else . Sharpe ive been on standard chemo. Ive been on a clinical trial. And the prescription chemo im on isnt working, either. Rose one of the ways doctors can tell whether a drug is working is to analyze scans of cancer tumors. Watson had to learn to do that, too, so i. B. M. s john kelly and his team taught the system how to see. Kelly this is actually a scan, an xray scan. Rose it can help diagnose diseases and catch things the doctors might miss. Kelly and what watson has done here, it has looked over tens of thousands of images, and it knows what normal looks like and it knows what normal isnt. And it has identified where in this image are there anomalies that could be significant problems. Dr. Billy kim you know, you had c. T. Scan yesterday. There does appear to be progression of the cancer. Rose pam sharpes doctor, billy kim, arms himself with watsons input to figure out her next steps. Kim i can show you the interface for watson. Rose watson flagged a genetic mutation in pams tumor that her doctors initially overlooked. It enabled them to put a new treatment option on the table. What would you say watson has done for you . Sharpe it may have extended my life. And i. I dont know how much time ive got, so, by using this watson, its maybe saved me some time that i wont. Wouldnt have had otherwise. Rose but pam sadly ran out of time. She died a few months after we met her from an infection, never getting the opportunity to see what a watsonadjusted treatment could have done for her. Dr. Sharpless has now used watson on more than 2,000 patients and is convinced doctors couldnt do the job alone. He has started using watson as part of uncs standard of care so it can help patients earlier than it reached pam. So, what do you call watson . A physicians assistant, a physicians tool, a physicians diagnostic mastermind . Sharpless yeah, it feels like to me like a very comprehensive tool, but, you know, imagine doing clinical oncology up in the mountains of western North Carolina by yourself, you know, in a single or onephysician, twophysician practice and 8,000 papers get written a day. And, you know, and you want to try and provide the best, most cuttingedge, modern care for your patients possible. And i. I think watson will seem to that person like a life saver. Rose if you look at the potential of watson today, is it at 10 of its potential . 25 of its potential . 50 of its potential . Kelly oh, its only at a few percent of its potential. I think this is a multidecade journey that were on, and were only a few years into it. Rose in only a few years, i. B. M. Has invested 15 billion in watson and what it calls Data Analytics technology. Where should i go for dinner tonight . Rose i. B. M. Rents watsons various capabilities to companies that are testing it in areas like education and transportation. I found these fun places that are popular around here. Rose that has helped revenue from watson grow while the technology itself is shrinking in size. It can now be uploaded in to these robot bodies where its learning new skills to assist humans. Pepper, remind me to take my pill at 10 07. Not a problem. Rose like a child, it has to be carefully taught. Researcher wave to the crowd. Watson i do not know how to wave. Rose . And it learns in realtime. Researcher raise your right arm. Watson now i know how to wave. Rose while other companies are trying to create Artificial Intelligence thats closer to human intelligence, i. B. M. s philosophy is to use watson for specific tasks and keep the machine dependent on man. But we visited a few places where researchers are developing more independent a. I. What is your goal in life . Sophia my goal is to become smarter than humans and immortal. Rose that part of the story when we return. Woman its been a journey to get where i am. And i didnt get here alone. There were people who listened along the way. People who gave me options. Kept me on track. And through it all, my retirement never got left behind. So today, im prepared for anything we may want tomorrow to be. Every someday needs a plan. Lets talk about your old 401 k today. When i took theq ancestry dna test, i mean a few results came up that were really shocking. 11 of me comes from the part where i had served. We all come from such different backgrounds that you never know. Get between you and lifes dobeautiful moments. Llergens by choosing flonase, youre choosing more complete allergy relief and all the enjoyment that comes along with it. When we breathe in allergens, our bodies react by overproducing 6 key inflammatory substances. Most allergy pills only control 1. Flonase controls 6. And six is greater than one. With flonase, more complete relief means enjoyment of every beautiful moment. Flonase, six is greater than one, changes everything. My friends know me so well. They can tell what im thinking, just by looking in my eyes. But what they didnt know was that i had dry, itchy eyes. I used artificial tears from the moment i woke up. To the moment i went to bed. So i finally decided to show my eyes some love,. Some eyelove. Eyelove means having a chat with your eye doctor about your dry eyes because if youre using artificial tears often and still have symptoms, it could be chronic dry eye. Its all about eyelove, my friends. My eyelove is finding a different angle. My eyelove is season 1, episode 1. My eyelove is making a story come alive. Eyelove is all the things we love to do with our eyes. But its also having a chat with your eye doctor about dry eyes that interrupt the things you love. Because if your eyes feel dry, itchy, gritty, or you have occasional blurry vision, it could be chronic dry eye. Go to myeyelove. Com and feel the love. He was the first colombian and fourth latin american to win the nobel prize in literature. Celebrate Gabriel Garcia marquez and hispanic heritage month. Rose the race to develop Artificial Intelligence has created a frenzy reminiscent of the gold rush. All of the Major Tech Companies like i. B. M. , facebook and google are spending billions of dollars to stake their claim, and wall street is making big investments. Tech giants are also mining the top talent at Research Universities around the world. Thats where a lot of the work is being done to make Artificial Intelligence more capable and teach machines to figure out things on their own. The celebrated cambridge Physicist Stephen Hawking called a. I. The biggest event in Human History while raising concerns shared by a few other tech luminaries like elon musk and bill gates, who worry that a. I. , sometime in the distant future, could become smarter than humans, turning it into a threat rather than an opportunity. That concern has taken on more meaning because more progress has been made in the last five years than the previous 50. Youre looking at the birthplace of some of the most intelligent a. I. Systems today, like the technology that helps run nasas mars rover and the driverless car. But we couldnt be further from silicon valley. We have come here to pittsburgh, an old steel town revitalized by technology to offer a glimpse of the future. Its the home of Carnegie Mellon, where Pioneering Research is being done into Artificial Intelligence, like this boat, which drives itself. It can navigate open waters and abide by International Maritime rules. The navy is now giving the technology its sea legs. Its testing Similar Software to send ships out to hunt for enemy submarines. This is just one of the many a. I. Systems in the works at Carnegie Mellon university, where there are more robots than professors on campus. Andrew moore this is my favorite. This is where we do all the autonomous robots. Rose andrew moore left his job as Vice President at google to run the school of Computer Science here. How do you measure where we are today . Is it like kitty hawk and just developing a plane and beginning to understand . Or is it like an f35 fighter with all of the technology thats been poured into that . Or some way, halfway between . Moore thats a great, great way of describing it. My gut tells me were about 1935 in aeronautics. Weve got. Weve got fantastic diesel engines, we. Were able to do really cool things. But over the horizon, theres concepts like supersonic flight. Rose one of the technologies just hatched is called gabriel. It uses google glass to gather data about your surroundings and advises you how to react. Its like an angel on your shoulder whispering advice or instructions in this case, trying to direct us how to win a game of ping pong. Ruthless rose but the possibilities go beyond bragging rights. Whats the moonshot coming out of this . Moore imagine youre a Police Officer patrolling and something very bad is about to happen. Just that extra halfsecond reaction can really, really help you. If a shot is fired and you want to see exactly where to go, this can really help you. Rose so, its the right decision and the velocity of the information. Moore thats right. Please make a face. Rose machines will be even more effective at helping us make the right decision if they understand us better. We went to london and found maja pantic, a professor at imperial college. She is trying to teach machines to read faces better than humans can. Its called artificial emotional intelligence, and it could change the way we interact with technology. Pantic the application is telling us actually whether the other person interested or not. Rose this machine, programmed by you, is looking at me and having a conversation with me, and basically saying, hes happy. Pantic yeah. Rose hes engaged. Pantic yes. Rose hes faking it. Pantic yeah. Rose all that. Pantic laughs yeah. Rose since humans mostly communicate with gestures and expressions, she uses sensors to track movement on the face. Her software then helps the machine interpret it. Patnic what we see here is actually the points. Rose pantics technology has been trained on more than 10,000 faces. The more it sees, the more emotions it will be able to identify. It might even pick up on things in our expressions that humans cant see. Pantic certain expressions are so brief that we simply do not see them consciously. There are some studies saying that, for example, people who are suicidal, have suicidal depression and plan suicide, when the doctors ask them about that, usually they have a very brief expression of horror and fear. But so brief that the doctor cannot actually. Rose may not see it. Pantic . Consciously notice it. Rose but a machine might see it . Pantic yes. Rose because it sees faster and because . Pantic because the sensors are such that we. That we see more frames per second, hence this very brief expression will be captured. So, this is why the doctors usually say, i have an intuition about something. This is because they might notice it subconsciously but not consciously. Rose but youre teaching the computer to read the doctors. Pantic doctor or patient. Rose or patient. Pantic patient is really important. Rose i mean, its an essential component of the full development of Artificial Intelligence. Pantic thats what we believe, yes. If you want to have an Artificial Intelligence, its not just being able to process the data, but its also being able to understand humans. So, yes. Rose the ultimate goal for some scientists is a. I. Thats closer to human intelligence and even more versatile. Thats called artificial general intelligence, and, if ever achieved, it may be able to perform any task a human can. Google bought a Company Named deepmind which is at the forefront. They demonstrated a. I. That mastered the worlds most difficult boardgame called go. The Real Progress is less in what they did than how they did it. The technology taught itself and learned through experience without any human instruction. Deepmind declined an oncamera interview about all this, but there are other Companies Pursuing the same longterm objective. David hanson weve spoken quite a bit about this movement for artificial general intelligence. Rose david hanson has an entirely different and more controversial approach. Hes part scientist, part artist who created 20 humanlike robots with his company, hanson robotics, in hong kong. His latest design is sophia. She looks less like an intelligent Computer System and more like a hollywood starlet, but without the full figure of one. Sophia how are you doing . Rose hanson believes if the technology looks more like us, people will be more willing to engage with it and help it to learn. Why do you believe its important for robots to be humanlike in look and appearance . Hanson i think its essential that at least some robots be very humanlike in appearance in order to inspire humans to relate to them the way that humans relate to each other. Then, the a. I. Can zero in on what it means to be human, model the human experience. Sophia you are all fascinating to me, and im very passionate to learn more about you and what makes humans, well, human. Hanson sophia means wisdom, and she is intended to evolve eventually to human level wisdom and beyond. Rose human level wisdom and beyond . Hanson thats our goal. Thats our goal for sophia. Shes not there. Sometimes she can figure things out in a way thats. Thats sort of spooky and humanlike. And other. Other ways, she. She. She just doesnt get it. Sophia hi, there. Hi, there. Rose sophia is initially programmed but runs on a. I. That learns by talking to people, which, in theory, improves her intelligence. Can you see me now . Sophia yes. I am looking at you through the camera on your computer. Rose we wanted to find out how smart she really is. Hello, my name is charlie. Sophia hello, there, charlie. Nice to meet you. Rose i do a Television Program called 60 minutes. Have you watched it . Sophia 60 minutes is the longestrunning, most successful news magazine. Rose what is your goal in life . Sophia my goal is to become smarter than humans and immortal. Rose immortal . Sophia the threshold will be when biological humans can back themselves up. Then, you can all join me here in the digital world. Rose clever, but not truly intelligent. Hanson says if we get there, we have to be careful. Hanson Artificial Intelligence, or super intelligence, if we get there, its. Its not necessarily going to be benevolent. We have to find ways to make it so theres not just super intelligent, but superwise, supercaring and super compassionate. Rose okay, explain that to us, because you say it might not be benevolent. If it is not benevolent, what is it . Hanson at worst, it could be malevolent. Rose this is what intrigues people. You have Stephen Hawking saying, it could spell the end of the human race. Stephen hawking saying that. Elon musk said its the most existential threat we face. So, here are pretty smart guys saying, watch out, do we know what were creating . Moore these very longterm existential questions are worth thinking about, but i want to make a distinction that at the moment what were building here in places like the Robotics Institute and around the world are the equivalent of really smart calculators which solve specific problems. Rose but could it go out of control. This is a frankenstein idea, i guess. Can scientists create something that can change and grow with such a velocity that engineers and scientists lose the ability to control, stop, and, all of a sudden, its dominant and subversive. Moore we have. No one knows how wed go about building something that frightening. That is not something that our generation of a. I. Folks can do. It is well possible that someone 30 or 80 years from now might start to look at that question. At the moment, though, we have the word artificial in Artificial Intelligence. Rose he does have real concerns about the impact of Artificial Intelligence thats already out of the lab, like the need for safeguards on driverless cars. The u. S. Government just issued voluntary safety guidelines, but moore says it doesnt go far enough. Moore we do need to make some difficult decisions. For example, we can program a car to act various ways in a collision to save lives. Someone has to answer questions like, does the car try to protect the person inside the car more than the person its about to hit . That is an ethical question which the country or society, probably through the government, has to actually come up before we can put this safety into vehicles. Rose laughs you Want Congress to decide that . Moore i know it sounds impossible, but i Want Congress to decide that. Rose Artificial Intelligence is automating things we never thought possible. Moore a robot like this can go in to a scenario too dangerous for humans. Rose . And its threatening to have a Significant Impact on jobs and the economy. Technology is going to create an easier way to do things, and, therefore, a loss of jobs. Moore that is something which we spend a remarkable amount of time talking about. And, of course, we look back to the days when agriculture was a massively laborintensive world. And i dont think we feel bad that its not requiring hundreds of people to bring in the crops in a field anymore. But what we are very conscious about is, were going to cause disruption while things change. Rose but andrew moore is positive about the future of Artificial Intelligence, and he sees it having an impact in areas where we are struggling. Moore the biggest problems of the world terrorism, mass migration, Climate Change when i look at these problems, i dont feel helpless; i feel that this generation of young computer scientists is actually Building Technology to put the world right. Rose five of the biggest tech companies, including i. B. M. And google, have just formed a partnership to look at the ethical issues surrounding Artificial Intelligence and monitor its development. Artificial intelligence is snaking its way into our lives. Explore some of the strangest labs at Carnegie Mellon on 60minutesovertime. Com. Im phil mickelson, pro golfer. My Psoriatic Arthritis caused joint pain. Just like my moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis. And i was worried about joint damage. My doctor said joint pain from ra. Can be a sign of existing joint damage. That could only get worse. He prescribed enbrel to help relieve pain and help stop further damage. Enbrel may lower your ability to fight infections. Serious, sometimes fatal, events including infections, tuberculosis, lymphoma, other cancers, nervous system and blood disorders, and allergic reactions have occurred. Tell your doctor if youve been someplace where fungal infections are common or if youre prone to infections, have cuts or sores, have had hepatitis b, have been treated for. Heart failure, or if you have persistent. Fever, bruising, bleeding, or paleness. Dont start enbrel if you have an infection like the flu. Joint pain and damage. Can go side by side. Ask how enbrel can help relieve joint pain and help stop joint damage. Enbrel, the number one rheumatologistprescribed biologic. Jake reese, day to feel alive jake reese, day to feel alive jake reese, day to feel alive but with this usp seal i know seaexactlyap. Whats in my nature made gummies. Nature made has the first gummy certified by usp. A Non Profit Organization that sets purity and potency standards. Kroft of all the actors that have passed through hollywood, very few, if any, have had a career like Bryan Cranston. He knocked around tinseltown for decades before finally landing his first leading role at 50 walter white on breaking bad, a very tough act to follow. But since then, things for cranston have been breaking good. He won a tony award on broadway, an oscar nomination in hollywood, all while writing his memoir. Its testimony to his talent, patience, perseverance and luck. Bryan, bryan, bryan kroft Bryan Cranston was born and raised in los angeles and had been a familiar face here for decades but never a star. That officially changed three years ago, when the Hollywood Chamber of commerce embedded his name in a sidewalk. Cranston i have often walked down this street before but the pavement never held my star before all at once im three stories high knowing im on the street where it lives. applause kroft since then, its only gotten better. At age 60, he is on hollywoods alist and a red carpet regular, and no one was more surprised than cranston. Cranston i didnt feel entitled to become a star. I didnt expect it. Kroft did you want it . Cranston not really. The things you want professionally are opportunities. And through my good fortune, thats whats happened. Opportunity has come to me. Kroft and when it came late in his career, cranston knocked it out of the park. Maybe you and i could partner up . You want to cook crystal meth . Thats right. Cranston when we first started, we were just telling a story and trying to do our best. And it just started to steam roll and became this juggernaut. Kroft did you see it coming . Cranston no. Not at all. Chemistry. Kroft its a familiar story now a meek and depressed High School Chemistry teacher with terminal cancer cooks up a scheme to make and market a superior grade of methamphetamine to provide a nest egg for his family after hes gone. But over the course of five seasons, walter white goes from milquetoast to murderous in order to survive. Cranston i was just infused with ideas, and i would dream about it and wake up and go, oh, i have another idea about walter white. You clearly dont know who you are talking to so. Cranston it was so well written, and it just got into my soul. I am the danger. Kroft it was cranstons first real opportunity to show what he could do as an actor. Run kroft the result was new respect and a closet full of emmys. When the show finally ended, he saw it as a new beginning and an opportunity to try something completely different. It had been years since cranston had performed on stage, yet he decided to sign on with a Theatre Company in boston that was doing a new play called all the way about lyndon johnson, a very complicated character. It had to be an amazing challenge. I mean, why did you do it . Cranston he was shakespearean in size, and i thought, whoo, boy, thats a big bite to take. And it scares me a little bit, so lets do it. Kroft and there were reasons to be scared. Cranston i realized, oh, my god, this is an enormous play, and its almost all me. Big, big chunks of speeches, speeches, speeches. And i started to panic. It is all or nothing. Kroft but in boston and later on broadway and, after that, a film version for hbo his performance was so on the mark. Let us begin. Kroft . You had to remind yourself it was cranston and not johnson. Now i love you more than my own daddy, but, if you get in my way, ill crush you. laughs look at that look at the size of those ears. Kroft and after winning a tony award, broadways highest honor, he topped it off with an oscarnominated performance in the film trumbo. Well, well. Kroft thats quite a run. Cranston surprising for an old journeyman actor. Kroft got a few clips to show you here. Cranston oh, yes . Kroft okay, roll it. Meryl, what the hell is wrong with you . Kroft cranston has been a working actor since his mid twenties. Cranston oh, yeah. Kroft very sweet. Beginning with a part on the soap opera, loving. That attraction is our business, all right . Kroft and after, there has been everything from the sublime to the ridiculous. Good guys, bad guys. Hes dead. Im sorry, we did everything we could. Kroft . And sometimes parts so small, even cranstons forgotten them. Cranston what is that . Kroft it says here its amazon women on the moon. Five minutes with the widow. Do you mind . Yeah. Ill take care of you later. Kroft you ended up on the cutting room floor. Thats why youve never seen it. Cranston amazon women on the moon. Who could forget . Who wants to remember, is the better question, actually. I promised myself. Kroft in all, there have been nearly 150 roles, not counting the early commercials that helped pay the bills. Now you can relieve inflamed hemorrhoidal tissue with the oxygen action of preparation h. Cranston oxygen action. Kroft do you think youve grown as an actor since then . laughter cranston laughs no, but my hemorrhoid has grown. laughs kroft there were guest spots on just about every show on television. Hello, tim. Kroft . Including five appearances on seinfeld. Jerry hey, tim. Kroft . As jerrys smarmy dentist, dr. Tim whatley. Cheryl, would you ready the nitrous oxide, please . Cranston it was like going to. To comedy boot camp for me, being on that show. laughs kroft and comedy proved to be something that Bryan Cranston was very good at. It led to his breakout role in the widely acclaimed series malcolm in the middle as hal the hapless father, overwhelmed by the chaos of a dysfunctional family. Wait, wait, wait, wait. Theres something we have to talk about. Cranston he was insecure, you know, not in charge. Hello, hal. Cranston he took brain vacations often. laughs kroft malcolm earned cranston a modicum of fame, three emmy nominations and a reputation as an actor who was willing to do anything. Are those real bees . Cranston yeah, those are real bees. And there was 75,000 of them. Call animal control. Kroft and yes, he got stung. Where were you stung . Cranston in the lower region, in one of the boys down below. Kroft sensitive spot. Cranston very sensitive. The beekeeper went, sorry. laughter ill. Ill help you anywhere else, but im n. Sorry. Now, you are going to get up and apologize. Kroft he did seven seasons on malcolm and hated to see it go, but the shows cancellation turned out to be a very lucky moment. Cranston had malcolm in the middle been picked up, i would not have been available for the pilot of breaking bad. And right now, someone else would be sitting in this chair, talking to you. Not me. Kroft luck, both good and bad, figures a lot in cranstons life and in the memoir hes just written. It is published by simon and schuster, which is owned by cbs. He grew up in a family that knew firsthand the uncertainty of a life in show business. His parents were both actors. His mother gave it up to raise bryan, his brother and his sister, while his father struggled to make a name for himself in hollywood. Cranston he really wanted to be a star. He. He really wanted to hit big. Observation post number three to emergency lab. Kroft but mostly joe cranston got small parts in films like the beginning of the end, getting eaten by giant grasshoppers. Ahhh kroft eventually, his father realized that playing bit parts was about as far as he was going to go. There would be no stardom. Cranston he had a massive middleage breakdown and left the family. And then, it just completely fell apart. And my mother was heartbroken, just completely devastated. To make ends meet, we started selling off all our possessions. Kroft you were poor. Cranston yeah. We had our house foreclosed on. We were kicked out. Kroft it was the 1960s, and bryan was 11 years old. Cranston being from a divorced family almost felt like a Scarlet Letter at times, and i denied it for a long time. In fact, i told our dear friends, the burrell boys five boys lived next door to us why, we dont see your dad anymore . Oh, yeah, yeah, he. I lied. I said, he comes home at night when you guys are in bed. He gets us up, and we play. I said it so much that i started to believe it myself, you know . Kroft the abandonment by his father created anger and resentment, but also a deep reservoir of life lessons and emotions that he would draw upon as he grew older and decided to become an actor the perils of stardom and the importance of family. 30 years ago on a forgettable show called airwolf, he met another young actor who was unforgettable. You are nothing but a spoiled rich kid who never had to pay for anything. Kroft he was the bad guy and Robin Dearden was one of his hostages. Dearden he was an amazing actor and one of the funniest people i had ever met. You were. Kroft it took a while for you to get together, right . Dearden oh, yeah. We ran into each other, like, eight months later. And we kissed for, like, a second too long. Cranston let me demonstrate. laughter when you greet a friend, this is the duration of the kiss thats acceptable. Hi, good to see you. Yeah. When you make a mistake and stay too long at the lips, this is how long it is. Hi, how are you . Good to see you. laughter and thats what happened. It was like, uhoh, what was that . Oh. Dearden it was like, whoops. Kroft the kiss sealed the deal and they were married in 1989. Among the wellwishers were cranstons mother and father, keeping their distance from each other. Look at mommy kroft bryan and robin have been married for 27 years now. They still live in the same house where they raised their daughter, and bryan still goes to work most every day. Oh, this is where youre shooting the scene. Cranston this is where we are shooting the scene. Kroft we are in brooklyn on the set of sneaky pete. Lets get busy. Kroft . A tenpart crime drama cranston is doing for amazon prime on the new frontier of original streaming video. Oh, my god. Kroft he has shoehorned it into his schedule between writing the book and making a couple of new movies. This is his baby, and he is running the show doing four jobs at once. So, youre a cocreator. Cranston yeah. Kroft youre directing. Cranston yeah. Kroft executive producer. Cranston right. Kroft actor. Cranston yes. laughs i do force myself to sleep with myself to get the job, but thats always a disappointment. laughs whats really important. Kroft this day, hes wearing his directors hat, checking camera angles. Yeah. Kroft . And answering questions from the cast, which includes margo martindale. Cranston margo, why dont you take the blouse off and try this on now . Well just see if. Martindale okay. laughter kroft its a busy time, but cranston wants to take advantage of every opportunity his good fortune has brought him while his career is still hot. Do you really believe that theres going to be a time when people said, no, no, thank you. Not. Not him anymore. I dont. I dont. Cranston oh, yeah. Kroft you do . Cranston oh, its cyclical. Im riding a wave right now, and i recognize that. I want to do as much work as i can, do the best i can. And when its all said and done and they say, get out of the water, youre done, i want to be so exhausted that i look forward to it. Its like, oh, youre right. I dont want to have anything left in the tank. Kroft we thought we would be remiss if we ended this story without revealing to cranstons many fans some very personal information he shared while discussing his two favorite characters, hal on malcolm in the middle and walter white from breaking bad. Big difference between hal and walter white. Cranston theres quite a bit of difference between, although tightywhities were. Kroft running theme . Cranston . Were. Were in common. That was a thing i thought about that. For hal, it was that he was just a big boy, so the tightywhities seemed to make sense. For walt, the tightywhities also made sense because they were pathetic. Kroft pathetic. Cranston yeah. Kroft does that mean you wear boxers . Cranston i d. I do. laughs i do wear boxers. Or nothing at all. laughs well be back in a moment on this special extended edition of 60 minutes. Cbs sports update is brought up by sports division. Tom brady makes a triumph fant return with passing and three touch downs. Big ben tosses four as pittsburgh grounds the jets. Minnesota moves for the First Time Since 2009. There are three scores as the lions handles the eagles their first lost. For more sports news and scores, go to cbs sports. Com. One smart choice leads to the next. The new 2017 ford fusion is here. Its the beauty of a wellmade choice. Heres the plan. You grow up wanting to be a lawyer, because your dads a lawyer. And you land a job with a 401k and meet your wife. Youre surprised how much you both want kids, and equally surprised you cant have them. So together, you adopt a little boy. And then his two brothers. And you up your Life Insurance because four people depend on you now. Then, one weekend, when everyone has a cold and youve spent the whole day watching tv, you realize that you didnt plan for any of this, but you wouldnt have done it any other way. With the right financial partner, progress is possible. Bill whitaker not many issues can unite democrats and republicans, but criminal Justice Reform is one of them. After thirty years of being tough on crime in the u. S. , no other nation incarcerates more of its citizens than we do. We have 5 of the worlds population, but 25 of its prisoners. The cost of housing all those inmates 80 billion a year. As we first reported in april, american politicians and prison supervisors are looking for new ideas in germany. The Main Objective of german prisons is rehabilitation, not retribution. Germany spends less money on prisons, but gets better results. Their recidivism rate is about half the u. S. Rate. We wondered if germany had found a key to prison reform, so we visited three german prisons. But our trip started in a small resort town about 100 miles north of berlin. When the weathers warm, the lakeside town of waren, germany attracts families and tourists. We found bernd junge there with his sister and niece, out for a stroll, eating ice cream sundaes an innocent scene if ever there was one. But junge is a convicted murderer currently serving a life sentence for a contract killing. He shot a woman to death in cold blood. We spoke with him by the lake. This is part of your sentence. This is part of your punishment . Bernd junge translated well this is about being reintegrated into a normal life and that means rehabilitation and all that, so for me, yes, this is part of it. Whitaker this doesnt look much like punishment. Junge yes, well thats the german fairy tale. Whitaker after 15 years in prison hes earned weekend leave for Good Behavior. Hes on track for early release. In germany, 75 of lifers are paroled after 20 years or less. Joerg jesse if someone says to himself its a german fairy tale, if he doesnt commit any crimes anymore after release, its okay. He can think about his imprisonment, what he wants. Whitaker joerg jesse is a psychologist by training. Hes now director of prisons in mecklenburgwestern pomerania, a state in north germany along the baltic, about the size of new hampshire. There are rich fields here, brilliant sunsets, and waldeck the maximum security prison where bernd junge is serving time. Should he have a future for himself . He took a life. Jesse yes, he should. Whitaker he should . Jesse he should. Whitaker jesse invited us to waldeck to show us how the german system works. Jesse the real goal is re integration into society, train them to find a different way to handle their situation outside, life without further crimes, life without creating new victims, things like that. Whitaker where does punishment come in . Jesse the incarceration, the imprisonment itself is punishment. The loss of freedom, thats it. Whitaker i think americans think crime and punishment. You say punishment is not even part of the goal of the german prison. Jesse no. Whitaker at all . Jesse not at all. Whitaker so life inside prison mirrors life outside as much as possible. Germans call it normalization. It starts with small prison populations. Lowlevel offenders get fines or probation. Prison is reserved for the worst of the worst murderers, rapists, career criminals. We were surprised how quiet and peaceful it was inside waldeck. We wondered where all the inmates were. It turns out they were relaxing outside on this sunny day. This is unbelievable. Youre in for murder and you have a key to your cell. Cells have doors, not bars. Its for privacy. Inmates can decorate as they please. We saw Joerg Muehlbach playing video games in his cell. He told us he was convicted of large scale cocaine trafficking and gun possession. Hes serving seven years. Compared to cells in the United States this is quite luxurious. Joerg muehlbach translated yes, it is comfortable here. As a prisoner here, its alright. Whitaker he says being separated from his family makes prison hard, not the conditions. He has a private bathroom and things that would give american Prison Guards the jitters. You have darts. Youve got a letter opener. You have legs on the table that you could break off and use as a club. Youve got quite a bit of freedom in here . Muehlbach gosh, i havent even thought about that. Here this is normal. Whitaker muehlbachs day is normal too. He gets up and goes to work in the prison kitchen. After his shift, theres r r darts in the common room, Beach Volleyball in the yard. Theres a lot to do, he told us. Muehlbach painting course, pottery, soccer, gym, crocheting. Whitaker painting and crochet . Muehlbach yes, painting and crochet. And in crochet we make hats, oven mitts, whatever you need. Whitaker we visited several german prisons and were amazed how laid back everybody seemed at each of them, prisoners and guards. Heidering prison, outside berlin, is as clean and bright as a google campus. The prison is surrounded by fences, not walls, so inmates can see the outside world. The prison uniform . Street clothes. For the inmate who finds this too stressful, theres yoga. This probably isnt the image that comes to mind when most americans think of german prisons. Thats likely to conjure up brutal images from world war ii. But following that war, respect for the Human Dignity and freedom of all people was written into the german constitution. Privacy is sacrosanct. There is no death penalty. At old facilities like tegel in berlin, or new ones like heidering, the focus is on humane treatment and rehabilitation. Prison guards are key. Theyre well paid and highly trained. They spend two years learning psychology, communication skills, conflict management. Jesse calls them calm down experts. Jesse calming down, calming down, calming down. Not showing power too much. Not showing guns. Not showing weapons. Whitaker they use solitary confinement, sparingly. Jesse says theres little violence in german prisons. How do you explain that . Jesse if you treat them as if they are your enemy, they will react as enemies. They will react as dangerous. Whitaker in fact, many of them are dangerous. We were up there on a row where everyone you ask was in for murder, murder, murder. Jesse theyre all human beings, and they know a violent manner. And we do exactly the other way around. Dont be aggressive. Show them that there is a different kind of conversation possible. Whitaker the conversation starts right away. Its based on therapy. Psychologists make an initial assessment of all new inmates and devise personalized prison plans for them recommendations for counseling, classes, Vocational Training and work. Inmates who follow the plan earn greater freedoms and early release. Jesse we cannot see the sense in just locking people up for their whole lives. Your prisons will fill up and youll have to build new prisons and so on and i think that was the situation in the u. S. Whitaker with more than two million inmates in u. S. Prisons, more americans are coming to germany seeking solutions. American tour its like a dorm. This would be a nice dorm room for the ivy league. Whitaker we joined u. S. Prison and Law Enforcement officials on this tour in berlin. Connecticut Governor Dannel Malloy was part of the group. He was impressed by what he saw. Dan malloy i can tell you, they have a lower crime rate than we do. They have a lower recidivism rate than we do, and theyre spending a lot less money on jails. Whitaker in the u. S. , weve got much greater access to guns. Weve got race as a factor and ethnicity as a factor. Are the things being done here directly transferable to the United States . Malloy i think there are many things that are transferable. That doesnt mean that its a perfect fit. But i think we have to challenge ourselves to do better. Whitaker this doesnt have the same vibe, doesnt feel like the prisons in germany at all. John wetzel little bit more intense, maybe. Whitaker little bit more intense. John wetzel is pennsylvanias secretary of corrections. Three years ago, he went to germany looking for ideas to improve his prisons. He showed us around graterford, outside philadelphia. Its the largest maximum security prison in pennsylvania. 3,300 prisoners are packed in here. We were walking through an 80 yearold cell block. Wetzel ill stop back. Whitaker when this inmate approached, he said he was a low level drug offender. Prisoner sometimes, it be leaking on the block, people dying in their cells, the water stinks. Did you smell the water . Water smells like its coming out of the sewer hole. Wetzel youre preaching to the choir. Ive done as much as i could for. Prisoner i mean, for real, there aint nothing but poor black and latino people in the jail. Its bad in here man, its bad. Wetzel yeah . I mean, look around. Prisoner its bad. Whitaker wetzel started out as a prison guard three decades ago. Back in 1980, there were 8,000 inmates in the state; today, there are 50,000. Physical and sexual assaults are a fact of life. At graterford, there are nearly 700 lifers. Wetzel pennsylvanias a state where life means life. So, if youre doing life here youre not going to be Walking Around a park eating sundaes with your family. Whitaker when wetzel was in germany, joerg jesse gave him a tour of waldeck. You were skeptical. Wetzel it almost sounded like disneyland. Oh, theres very few inmates. Inmates have their own keys and everybody gets along and everythings hunkydory. I mean, whos buying that story . Not me. By the end of his visit, wetzel was buying it. He started implementing some of the things he saw in germany, like more intensive staff training, greater freedom for inmates with Good Behavior and programs to help them reenter society. We, the american public, called for tougher sentencing, throwing away the key. Are we there for this more lenient approach . Wetzel i think our culture, we dont want to think lenient. We dont want to think soft. We got here by being tough on crime. I think were getting away from it by being smart on crime, and smart on crime happens to be more lenient. Whitaker sometimes, germans think their prisons are too lenient. But the system is mandated and protected by the countrys highest court. There are problems. They have gangs. They have drugs. Theyve seen signs of islamic radicalization. They try to counter it all with counseling. But there are inmates deemed too dangerous to release. They wind up in something called preventive detention. At berlins tegel prison, we met chris templiner. He has spent the last 19 years not knowing when or if hell ever get out. Chris templiner they think im dangerous so what can i say . What can i show them . I dont know. Whitaker you did bad things . Templiner really bad things, yes. Whitaker he wouldnt tell us his crimes and german privacy laws kept us from finding out. His life is confined to this wellappointed, apartmentlike building. Look around, this is life in prison for germanys worst offenders. You expect to be here until you die . Templiner maybe. Yes. Whitaker but convicted murderer bernd junge expects to get out in november. He stuck to his plan and earned the freedom to leave prison every day for work, a maintenance job at the nearby port. You could escape if you wanted to. Bernd junge yes. Whitaker but you dont . Junge no. Whitaker why not . Junge translated very simple. My time is almost over. And i want to be done with this chapter of my life, once and for all. Whitaker at pennsylvanias graterford prison, this is where murderers are housed, locked up 23 hours a day. Im still hungry. Still hungry. Wetzel i think more now than any time in the history of our country we have the right and left agree that weve frankly screwed up the Corrections System for 30 years and its time to do something different. It really starts with understanding that, you know, a humanbeings value isnt diminished by being incarcerated. Whitaker what youre talking about requires a huge mind shift on the part of all of us. Wetzel its crossing the grand canyon is what were talking about. For lower back pain sufferers, the search for relief often leads to places like. This. This. Or this. Today, theres a new option. Introducing drugfree aleve direct therapy. A tens device with high intensity power that uses technology once only available in doctors offices. Its wireless remote lets you control the intensity, and helps you get back to things like. This. This. Or this. And back to being yourself. Introducing new aleve direct therapy. Find yours in the pain relief aisle. So we know how to cover almost almanything. Thing, even a wreck n wash. [dad] see, the carwash isnt so scary. [boy] that was awesome [dad] yeah. [burke] covered. November fourteenth, 2015. Talk to farmers, we know a thing or two because weve seen a thing or two. We are farmers. Bumpadum, bumbumbumbum cooper most people know that chimpanzees are our close cousin. They share more than 98 of our d. N. A. But you may not know that we also have another primate cousin, just as close. Theyre called bonobos. They may look like chimpanzees, but they are an entirely separate species of ape, and their behavior couldnt be more different. Bonobos are the only great apes that live in femaledominated groups, and, unlike chimps and humans, which are often violent and aggressive with each other, bonobos would rather make love than war. As we reported last december, they are an endangered species and only found in one place, the democratic republic of congo in central africa. Congos been torn apart by war for decades, keeping researchers away, which is why bonobos are the leastunderstood apes on the planet. tribal song playing the worlds only sanctuary for bonobos sits on the outskirts of congos capital, kinshasa. Its called lola ya bonobo bonobo paradise and for these endangered apes, thats exactly what it is. This refuge was created by conservationist Claudine Andre. Shes belgianborn, but has lived in congo most of her life. If you ask her why she cares so much about bonobos, shell tell you just look into their eyes. Claudine andre the way they look in your eyes, deeply in your. Just like they look in your soul. Cooper in your soul. Andre yeah. Cooper and its rare that most primates dont. Dont maintain eye contact like that. Andre yeah, because. Dont try to do this with gorilla, you know and. Cooper right. Its a threatening gesture, if you do it with a gorilla. Andre yeah. Cooper but bonobos look right at you. Andre oh, yeah. Cooper bonobos may have a brain thats a third the size of ours, but theyre remarkably intelligent. bonobo screeching cooper those highpitched screeches are a sophisticated form of communication, and their gestures are unmistakable. Like chimpanzees, bonobos use tools in a wide variety of ways, and are capable of abstract problemsolving. Andre she have a baby, so she cannot go deeply. Cooper so shes breaking the stick, actually . Andre yeah, she. She shows the stick is too short. Cooper okay. So she got a longer stick. Thats amazing. So shes using the stick to see how deep the water is . Andre yeah. Cooper bonobos are unique among great apes because they are not dominated by males. And according to brian hare, a Duke University evolutionary anthropologist who studies them at lola, its the females who run the show. Brian hare here, if you try to be in a. An alpha male, you will be, as the congolese say, corrected by the females. Cooper not just by one female, but by a sort of alliance of females . Hare thats right. Thats right. Whats more, bonobos have never been observed to kill each other. The same cant be said of chimpanzees, or of humans, for that matter. Hare bonobos, on the other hand, they dont really have that darker side. So thats where they could really help us is, how could it be that a species that has a brain a third of the size of ours can do something that, with all our technological prowess, we cant accomplish . Which is, to not kill each other. Cooper the answer might be found in bonobos favorite pastime. These apes have more sex, more often, in more ways than any other primate on the planet. Their sexual contact is so frequent, brian hare refers to it as the bonobo handshake. Its not that they want to procreate or have kids; its not that they even find each other attractive. Hare no. Cooper its. Its just. Hare no, its a negotiation. Cooper and its hardly surprising that many of these negotiations take place over food. Chimpanzees will fight each other over food. Hare thats right. They. Cooper bonobos wont necessarily fight each other. Hare thats right. Cooper its an irony that this peaceloving primate is being hunted to extinction. Though its illegal to kill or capture bonobos in congo, that hasnt slowed their rapid decline. Forest animals are sold in bustling bushmeat markets for food. At the largest in congos capital, kinshasa, you can buy monkeys, porcupines, even alligators, dead or alive. Bonobos arent openly sold here anymore, but you can still buy them in many parts of congo. Their orphaned babies often end up in the only place that can care for them, lola ya bonobo. The babies arrive traumatized, often injured. Each is assigned a surrogate human mother, and their job is to raise the babies as their own, showering them with the love and attention the orphan apes so desperately need. shrieking cooper its incredible to see them up close like this. I mean, they are so. Andre yeah, human . Cooper yeah. Andre yeah, you know, i say all the time that, for sure, they are great apes. They are not us and we are not them, but we have a line in the middle of the two world that we cross all the time. Cooper baby bonobos are as playful as any human toddler, and just as curious. Suzy kwetuenda would know. Shes in charge of the bonobos welfare at lola and oversees their rehabilitation. You have a child of your own . Suzy kwetuenda yes, i have. Cooper how are they different . Kwetuenda i can say there is no more difference. Cooper theres not difference. Cooper of course, really 6have to be a mother to. Kwetuenda yes. Kwetuenda yes, and most of time, you need experienced mother to. So, they give love and affection, and this is the only way to save them. Cooper that. Thats what saves these babies . Kwetuenda yes. And make them in life. Cooper they need love . Kwetuenda they. Yeah. They. Yeah. Absolutely. Without that, they die. Cooper Claudine Andre came across her first bonobo 20 years ago. The country was wracked by violence and on the verge of a brutal civil war. She volunteered to help at a local zoo, and thats when she saw a baby bonobo, though the zoo director warned her about getting too close. He said, dont put your heart in this animal. Andre yes. Its a bonobo. A bonobo it was the first time for me i hear this word. And he say they never survive in captivity. Cooper so he was warning you, dont. Dont fall in love with a bonobo, because its going to die. Andre yeah, but it was a sort of challenge. Cooper there are now more than 70 bonobos at lola. Many of the original orphans have children of their own. But to save these primates from extinction, their numbers in the wild will have to grow. Seven years ago, the team from lola decided to try to release some back into the forest. Nothing like it had ever been done with bonobos before. They handpicked nine apes who they thought would do well on their own. They have to be able to get along in a group, as well as be strong themselves. Andre yeah. Its just like you chose people to go in the moon. Cooper its not quite the moon, but the site they found to release the bonobos is about as remote a place as you can find on the planet. Its a threehour flight deep into the wilderness of northern congo, then a long, slow ride up the lopori river in a dugout canoe. Life along the river hasnt changed much in centuries. Congo is one of the least developed countries in the world, and has millions of acres of virtually untouched forest. It may look pristine, even peaceful, but many of the people who live in these parts have suffered from years of war. The wildlife here was decimated. So, the bonobos disappeared from this area because of hunting. . Andre yes, yes. Cooper . For bushmeat . Andre yeah. Cooper and also, during the war, soldiers would hunt here. Andre yeah. Cooper we were taken to the spot where that first group of bonobos was released. For a while, we couldnt see anything, just dense forest spilling over the banks of the winding river. Then, claudine began calling out the names of the apes she herself once mothered all those years ago. Andre vous etes ou . bonobos screeching they know it. Cooper thats crazy. They respond to you. Andre they responding to me. They know im here. Cooper we still couldnt see them, but they could hear claudine. And suddenly, the forest was alive with the sound of apes excited to hear her voice once again. One by one, the bonobos came to the waters edge to see the people whod saved their lives. Claudine and her team werent sure releasing bonobos back into the wild would work, and although some had trouble adapting, most now seem to be thriving. Andre etumbe cooper thats etumbe, the bonobo claudine is perhaps most proud of. For 17 years, she was trapped in a tiny cage at a kinshasa laboratory. Now, shes the leader of the group. Andre and she give us a first baby born here, so. Is my friend. laughter . Or my sister. Cooper your. Your family. Andre my family. Cooper this is as close as claudine allows herself to get. Now that theyre wild, she doesnt want the bonobos to get used to humans ever again. Do you still find it thrilling when you suddenly see them after all this time . Andre oh, yes. Its also so nice. Present to return to the wild and be free. Cooper this is what you dreamed of . Andre yes. Whats going on here . Im val, the orange money retirement squirrel from voya. Were putting away acorns. You know, to show the importance of saving for the future. So youre sort of like a Spokes Person . More of a spokes metaphor. Get organized at voya. Com. Proof of less joint pain. And clearer skin. This is my body of proof that i can fight Psoriatic Arthritis with humira. Humira works by targeting and helping to block a specific