A car is very necessary, but meanwhile, our science and industry do not stand still, even in such a specific area how the production of prosthetics has unique developments, report by svetlana timerbulatova maxim cyber is a man who cannot imagine his life without music. He delicately controls the instrument even with an iron hand. During his student years, when he was studying to become a chemist , one of his home experiments with pyrotechnics turned into an explosion. The first, most terrible impression was after the injury that i would not be able to play the guitar. After the appearance of the prosthesis. You know, what thing in my head switched very strongly. I was able to detach myself from it psychologically. Yes, i became a person who learned to play with a mechanical hand. Gives me a lot in terms of psychology in terms of selfperception. It actually switches very much, i didnt even notice. I have changed in the last six months and have received a process in our hero. We meet in skolkovo where there is innovation and at every step here maxim works in a company that develops and produces modern ones. Prosthetics that are controlled almost by the power of thought, and at first it was a small social project aimed mainly at providing prosthetics for children through special sensors and electrodes that were implanted. On the human nervous system. A signal is sent to the prosthesis to control the artificial limb and control the force, for example, compression can be done through a special mobile application and can also be built into the prosthesis. Fitness watch contactless payment system. The key feature of the company is the digitalization of developments, that is, a prosthesis, the very name of which used to scare people away. Now it is becoming a modern gadget. This is the department where special silicone finger pads are cast. Here it uses different colors, hypoallergenic, and most importantly only conductive technology, that is, with the help of touchscreen technology, can you fully use your smartphone. Today the company has a new goal and a big mission to save people from phantom pain and teach prosthetics to feel in 2021, together with the far Eastern Federal University and the center for neurobiology with calltech. The first stage of research was carried out; patients after amputation feel uh phantom pain phantom pain it hurts the arm, which is actually already. No, we selected two patients and implanted them electrodes and relieved phantom pain. And then we gave these kinds of signals that caused various tingling sensations in the vibration of the phantom hand. And with one stimulation, they found that users felt their phantom hand clenching into a fist. Later, through programmed parameters, the range of sensations of a person with his eyes closed with his prosthesis was expanded. I was able to determine the size of the hardness and softness of an object; these successes prompted the team to try this technology for the lower extremities and also showed positive the result is all the developments used, including intellectual domestic ones. And their results in the form of prosthetics are provided to russian users free of charge. Russia is a truly social state. That is, the state pays for both the simplest cosmetic processes and biological prostheses for several million. Rubles active traction, they are also mechanical prostheses. In general, they consist entirely of domestic components, that is, in fact, we make them entirely within the country, and the only components, which we introduce from the frontier are microcontrollers. Well, or chips and micromotors, domestic prosthetics do not stand still abroad. He also highly appreciates the developments of Russian Companies and increasingly uses their services. After all, such innovative means of rehabilitation are more than prosthetics. First of all. This is an opportunity to return once lost abilities svetlana vladimir bulatova Andrei Ryazanov and Nikita VasilievSenate Program and those who come, the development of siberia of the far east still remains National Priority of the 21st century, and here the president recalled at the Eastern Economic forum on the sidelines of a largescale event, in just a few days it was possible to discuss urgent issues, international and regional agendas, among the main ones was the topic of the development of the northern sea route , a strategically important transport corridor connecting european russia with the distant east lets talk more about this with senator konstantin debt. He is our studio guest today. Konstantin konstantinovich this year freight transit along the northern sea route may exceed the historical maximum. The year has not yet ended ; 23 million have already been transported along the nsr. And of these, a million were transported in just a few weeks of summerautumn navigation. Say thanks. Why such record figures will definitely break the record , there is no doubt about it. E we remember that uh Vladimirovich Putin uh. Hmm, he gave instructions regarding the loading of the northern sea route, the total cargo flow by the twentyfifth year should be uh, 80 million tons per year. Here even the point is not, um. Uh, there, when what records will be broken. Eh, its easy the most important horde in the 21st century, one of the key in the world. Uh, from a transit point of view and from a delivery point of view. Uh, very important cargo. Eh, on such a serious, i would say global scale. And of course, on the scale of our country, our economy, i would especially like to emphasize the movement, not only from west to east. Well, from east to west. You know, uh, deliveries have now begun. Uh , fish products from the east go in a western direction, there through murmansk and to the european part of the country. It is very important, because in both directions. Uh, its important to load the northern sea route actually. Uh, such a very promising parallel. If you want parallels to the railway tracks, uh in the Eastern Range and uh along with the transport corridor north, south, which is also now actively developing with uh, such a leading participation of the Russian Federation, this will be uh new. E, transport infrastructure. E in the 21st century of global significance once again before. But by the way, regarding economic feasibility. Theres something here work because, well, in particular uh. Reefs for icebreaker assistance are also, uh, this issue needs to be resolved. Uh, while theyre a little higher than uh, than than the tariffs for rail transportation and for hmm cargo shippers. This is really important, so here, uh, we need to continue working to ensure the movement of cargo and cargo shipments along the northern sea route. Uh, it was the most costeffective because not all icebreakers have been built yet, firstly, absolutely right. Firstly, there is a very active update of our or preschool fleet. Uh, now, uh, new episodes. Here is the third , uh, icebreaker should be introduced three times next year. Thats four deuces. But this is a new series. This is right here, uh, which represent. Eh, such a pinnacle of technical engineering, they are almost completely localized. That is, these are russian ships. Yes, it is very important that there are russian components. Then, uh, fourth fifth sixth e, until the thirtieth year, a schedule has already been drawn up and, in general, this schedule is maintained. Well, and then lets not forget that the lead icebreaker. Uh, leader, must be in twentyseven. Eh, its also already put into operation. That is, uh, this is an even more powerful icebreaker, so to speak, and there will be them too. We hope there is no such fleet, no one else in the world from russia has an absolute leader, plus, which is very important and this is a fundamental point for the effective functioning of the northern sea route. Uh, this is, of course, uh, construction. Uh, a large number of ships and preclass. This is an emergency rescue. These are support vessels and so on. Its important that its work there will be, and it is already starting to be carried out in russian. That is, these are our workers. And places in the country are uh taxes. It is very important. This is, of course, an impulse to uh, industrial. Uh, Industrial Development of the country. There are very serious, ambitious, and implementable plans here. Uh, and there, too, by the way, there is a task of such maximum localization, as much as possible domestic uh, in these courts. Uh, were working on this now, especially with regard to hmm uh ship equipment Konstantin Konstantinovich well, its clear that development of siberia development of the far east development of the northern sea route. There are people behind it all. Are there enough qualified engineers now, again the same sailors, they are just people, but they are needed here. Eh, in general, this is, of course, a serious impulse. Uh, the development of the entire northern sea route project was given when rusat became a single operator. E seversky way. This is an absolutely correct decision. A state decision was made by rusat. One of the pioneers in the field of the latest digital technologies, in in particular technologies, and i would like to say that the northern sea route to a significant extent. Its going to be a digital uh digital mechanism. E from navigation there to the Ship Management system and so on in real time. These are absolutely many elements. Now the newest technologies have been introduced into the construction. Very many of them are russian. This is important. Rosatom really acts as a leader here, but for this we need specialists who are ready to work on this. At the cutting edge of technological progress. Specialists are needed. Uh, with a very serious education, including uh, in the it field and, of course, there is a shortage here, undoubtedly hmm uh. Well, there is some data there that the order there in relation to the articulation now, uh, there are about twenty thousand, and not filled , and this is many places are very highpaying places, lets speak directly. These are highly paid specialists. Its not easy to find, its not easy to find , but its work in progress. And of course. Eh, the emphasis is now on saturdays. We actively support. Here is the government and regions work to increase the number of students. That is, our universities are working more actively, including, by the way, in the murmansk region to increase the number. Uh, trained specialists. Well, plus, of course, it is being radically updated now hmm, the material and technical base of training. That is, now we need to train specialists. Heres to work. E hmm in new technological conditions. Eh, you need to prepare, of course, and teach them on new equipment on more modern equipment. This is also a task. And this it is important to produce equipment in our country. You see, we keep coming back to expansion. Uh, the release of domestic products without ensuring our leadership in technology in the latest technologies, of course, it is difficult to tell you about achieving technological sovereignty and such Serious Development in the 21st century. We are following this path; we need personnel. Eh, we need more of them. Eh, but the requirements are different now. That is, the quality of, uh, personnel should be, uh, should be higher, thats what were working on now. Russia is the richest country in terms of Natural Resources resources, but how many geological discoveries have been made over the past 30 years, and is there a longterm strategy in the field of mineral extraction . How long does it take to develop new deposits and how long does it take to train a qualified mining engineer . This is the second part of the special project of the Russian Senate subsoil program. So, are there a lot of Natural Resources in russia . Based on per capita calculations, our supply is higher than in australia or canada. The world average is approximately five times according to western estimates specialists, our country is in first place significantly ahead of the United States in this indicator; the resource potential of our subsoil is still high, but the specialists in which it trains for this industry are catastrophically lacking. Russian geology suffered seriously in the nineties and has not yet recovered within the limits 1012,000 were accepted into the first year and studied, there was a strict elimination and so on. Today. This is within 800 people accepted and allocated for the training of engineers in the field of geology and in certain regions, especially in the rudny mountains , this direction disappears altogether as a direction of preparation. Look at the far east, this is a mining region. Read there transbaikalia everything else, which is comparable to 3 to four times in terms of resources. Uh, the potential of this region is greater than canada, we have 120 people there, its a disaster, this is a comparable number of 2030 times, which goes more to other specialties. This is the legacy of the liberal policies of the nineties, when western countries tried to turn our country into a Raw Materials appendage, and many Russian Politicians willingly followed their lead in the 2000s. Russia returned the Mineral Resources under state control. However , the multilevel Natural ResourceManagement Systems developed in the soviet years were violated by state policy in this sector. It is not very intelligible at the current moment in time. This is to put it mildly, if not to say harsher, that in general there is no rigid formulated goal setting that can be weighed and measured in specific quantities. How much of what according to nomenclature by scale by volume is needed today, tomorrow and the day after tomorrow, from the point of view of the generational dimension, what the state needs, at least on the horizon, until the fiftieth year, is an organizational structure, it is directly related to the goals and objectives and must correspond to them. Today for the state of the subsoil. The federal agency for subsoil use is responsible, which in turn is subordinate to the ministry of Natural Resources and environment, namely rosnedra. According to the regulations, the state geological study of subsoil is organized. Conducts economic and cost assessments for geologist Mineral Deposits approximately. Another government agency, rosgeology, is also doing the same. But unlike the growth of subsoil. It does not organize competitions and does not conduct licensing auctions. Today we see the existence of competing spirits, i would say not only duplicating, but in a sense they are believing structures, although the customers from the state are rosnedra, and rosgeology is the contractor, in the cycle of geological study of the subsoil. But these are absolutely competing structures or it would be right to collect today. This is under one roof in one body, which reflected the state segment of the Geological Service and was responsible for the state of the raw material base in the country. We have a commission. And that the state reserves reserve at one time, yes, the head of this enterprise, had the status of a minister of nondepartmental status, in essence, just like the minister, this Prime Minister is purely departmental. Uh, if you trace this kidney. She starts with the Prime Minister, then the deputy Prime Minister is the minister, then the head of the snow, then the deputy you have no subsoil, and only the deputy you dont have a weapon is the leader. This is the structure of the state consignment commission. That is, how many such people appear who can, to put it mildly, recommend that the commission make uniform decisions related to reserves, or whether it is with a special way of Geological Radiation of the subsoil in the execution of the Mineral Resource base by extraction, use by the state in case it does not work on Solid Minerals is responsible only for the first regional stage. It is used to identify localization and Resource Assessment scientific substantiation of the availability of resources in a specific area. After which it is sent to an auction, the winners of which, subsoil users, receive the right to subsequent stages of study and development of subsoil. However, it is at the first state stage that the system fails in the quality and quantity of resources declared in the documents are rarely confirmed in the course of further geological exploration work, the low reliability of the assessment led to the fact that subsoil users began to refuse to participate in auctions, and the number of new discoveries has been constantly decreasing in recent years decades. The quality of the geologists exploration work has sharply decreased, and along with it , the reliability of reserves has suffered , a Critical Link in the development of subsoil, leading to the reproduction of the Mineral Resource base. 9095 of the costs for geological study of subsoil are carried out today by subsoil users and from five to ten percent for various types of minerals are carried out by the state, it is clear that the goals of the state and subsoil users coincide in some ways, and in others and seriously diverges key goal subsoil users who today finance their exploration business is to maximize the use of resource potential, which they already have on their balance sheet, which are the object of development and at the same time is an object. Before exploration, what can be called the flanks of large open fields, but we must understand well that this potential before exploration is limited even in these 30 years. E new geologies are significant. To manage the subsoil today, this subsoil is managed by the hydrouser incorrectly and they determine how much to produce , they determine in what intervals to produce. There, even today, this uh state only fixes their plans, but they completely interfere with them , exploratory drilling for oil and gas , ore minerals today are many times smaller than 30 years ago, the process is certainly costly and, to a greater extent, science, capacious with high risks, only one or two objects out of ten can bring results. However , it is they that allow subsoil use to be carried out in the future. Which means in in many ways, the longterm foundations and wellbeing of the state of geological exploration of subsoil should be in the area of special attention. This is the most important link in the transfer of resources. It takes about 1020 years to transform Natural Capital from the idea that it is open to the appearance of mineral Raw Materials in the form of a finished product, and sometimes the return on any investment is longer. Today there is even more in this sector. It has been measured for decades. Such a planning horizon is far away; not every company can afford these serious costs. State level the federal budget allocates about 30 billion rubles for geology. And this is just a small fraction of what subsoil use gives in return. Oil and gas revenues. Vat revenues to regional budgets. Mining and Metallurgical Complex , mineral fertilizers, minerals we are talking about tens of trillions. There is a need for a global reorientation of the system to use the truly enormous income that all enterprises that work with the subsoil, primary mining enterprises, receive. And processing of the same oil gas Minerals Resources that create the basis for mineral fertilizers. Well , the whole boronMetallurgical Complex can be used to revive the industry of exploration geologist and not only, strictly speaking, exploration. Well, and everything connected with it. This is a Higher Education institution. These are research institutes. These are new technology companies, that is, the whole complex. Uh, a separate issue in the industry is the shortage of personnel in the Mining Industry. At the enterprise, their share of engineers is 80 . There are 60 managers, if you talk by personnel training, at the current stage in order to prepare by creating an environment to properly prepare and bring this specialist. Heres a professional education from an engineer to a professional manufacturing engineer, and then turn it into. Indeed, the flagship and support for the company in the form of the chief engineer and so on, well, for at least 1520 years, the first technical universities in russia throughout its history regularly supply engineers for the Mining Industry. St. Petersburg Mining University was founded by catherine ii 250 years ago Mining University. In the nineteenth century, for example, the entire Mining Industry of the empire was concentrated, when we talk about, uh, some breakthrough discoveries or some new technologies. This has always been connected with the Mining University, that is, in the 20th century, soviet scientists, and it was the universitys relationship that was pushed away with the goal of establishing some more specialized, Scientific Research centers. We can say that we certainly not only train personnel, but also act as a kind of design team for the entire industry. In addition to an indepth study of theory, students of the Mining University undergo practical training in modern technology. In university laboratories, created in close cooperation with subsoil users, companies are interested in young specialists coming with certain work skills. But before, as they say, they go into the field, the future engineer brings his skills to automaticity on 3d simulators, learns to react to normal and emergency situations, simulated computer analyzed the pressure of the authorities. We see from the data that the third and second wells have the highest pressure. Accordingly, they are still in the class, so our promotion is based on the model data. We can see that the colors are shown to us less in the laboratory, together with belarusian colleagues, we can not only learn to drive a virtual dump truck on an exact electronic copy of the quarry. Modern technologies allow remote control, subject to safety measures. With a loader in a real quarry 1,000 km from the university , a diploma from the Mining University this is a sign quality in education is a start in life that a young person receives after graduation, and this has been timetested and indeed today the specialists of the Mining University who graduate from the institute and go to work. These are highly qualified professionals who can introduce innovative ideas and implement them with broadminded people. We are proud of our longterm cooperation with the university and its graduates. During the soviet union, the enterprise employed about fifty percent and the number of all engineering and technical workers , currently there are 120 managers who work at the enterprise and have a diploma from the Mining University. The university, as an applied one, today produces specialists of a fairly high level. They are different from many students who come to work. We hold scientific and practical conferences, and by speaking there they demonstrate their effectiveness and their usefulness to the national economy. He hasnt graduated from university yet. It is already trending. He is already in such good basic training, which will already be accelerated at the enterprise. They will stall for time for now. E. And well, of course, and the money for its preparation, future geologists are practicing the most important drilling skills at a test site in the leningrad region. Today, the time of large , unusually profitable, easily accessible resources is a thing of the past in order to discover and develop, for example , oil and gas fields. We must go deeper and deeper. Modern technologies allow us to do this. However, economically. Efficiency the production of such hydrocarbons is reduced by two to three times; the task of future specialists is to achieve an increase in these indicators ; there is a need. Uh, the development of ever deeper deposits has created new technologies in the field of production. And most importantly , the processing of the resulting mineral and hydrocarbon resources. For example, one of those technologies that we are currently developing here at the Mining University and plan to bring to the market in the near future. This is the technology of a needle scythe; in our country the need is about 100,000, so this is one of the key materials for the metallurgical steel smelting industry. The main task is the creation of new hightech technologies for the spheres. E, processing of hydrocarbon and mineral Raw Materials. Studying the subsoil of the earth allows not only to carry out subsoil use, but also to obtain unique information about our planet, scientists from the Mining University have been working in antarctica for 55 years and have made many discoveries; the drilled depth was 3. 769 m. And opening up under the glacial lake vostok is a kind of battery, and the ancient information and by studying it we can understand the composition of the inclusions that are contained, thereby. And we can predict. How the climate of our planet will change in the future. What was the climate like in the past geological study . This is not only science and the discovery of Mineral Deposits without logical examination it is impossible to build civil and defense facilities and organize underground storage facilities, be it food or hazardous industrial waste. Geology, the key to providing the population with drinking water. Geologists predict an earthquake and monitor the condition of the underground space. Today they are actually geologists. These are not romantics who play a guitar there. Yes, he needs a compass. E give means a backpack and the opportunity to be in nature. Today. Geology is satellites. This space is new. Uh, geophysical methods, which are built on the basis of electromagnetic natural vibrations of the earth, and so on , the frequency is already used, vibrations are used today in the militaryindustrial. And whose rare earth composite material is simply impossible to live without them today, and this the whole basis is the specialty called therefore, geology is not only the engine. E growth of reserves and systematic work with blacks, but geology is the basis for hightech developments that are necessary in related industries, including medicine. We have been historically lucky ; the russian land is rich in Mineral Resources; our ancestors have passed on to us colossal resources and opportunities that need to be wisely and carefully managed. Mining is a strategically important industry, on which, without exaggeration, wellbeing depends on development the prosperity of the Russian Federation now and for many generations to come today in the 21st century is before our geologists. There is an unconsciousness of the task of achieving maximum economic efficiency in the extraction of mineral minerals, introducing new methods for developing exploration of the birthplace, but at the same time , it is imperative, observing the highest environmental standards, the state clearly understands geology today. One of the main technological sovereignty. It is no longer just gas oil coal. For example, without rare earth metals it is impossible to create any the computer cannot fly into space. It is here that we need to ensure a breakthrough for the future, realizing the responsibility to our descendants