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Nanotechnology Now Home > Press > Bringing Atoms to a Standstill: NIST Miniaturizes Laser Cooling January Credit: NIST Illustration of a new optical system to miniaturize the laser cooling of atoms, a key step towards cooling atoms on a microchip. A beam of laser light is launched from a photonic integrated circuit (PIC), aided by an element called an extreme mode converter (EMC) that greatly expands the beam. The beam then strikes a carefully engineered, ultrathin film known as a metasurface (...