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A ratio to predict rejection
Current strategies to identify rejection of transplanted kidneys rely on invasive surveillance biopsies or have limited predictive value. Thus, identification of an early and noninvasive biomarker to predict rejection is required. Here, Cherukuri
et al. characterized a ratio of interleukin-10 (IL-10) to tumor necrosis factor–α (TNFα) expressed by transitional B cells as a biomarker of early T cell–mediated allograft rejection. The authors found that the ratio of IL-10 to TNFα produced by transitional B cells predicted rejection at 3 months after transplantation in three patient cohorts. These findings suggest that the IL-10/TNFα ratio may be an effective biomarker that can be used clinically to tailor therapy based on risk of rejection.