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Microglial activation is critical for modulating the neuroinflammatory process and the pathological progression of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Microglia are involved in forming barriers around extracellular neuritic plaques and the phagocytosis of β-amyloid peptide (Aβ). In this study, we tested the hypothesis that periodontal disease (PD) as a source of infection alters inflammatory activation and Aβ phagocytosis by the microglial cells. Expe...

The discrimination between active tuberculosis (ATB) and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) remains challenging. The present study aims to investigate the value of diagnostic models established by machine learning based on multiple laboratory data for distinguishing Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection status. T-SPOT, lymphocyte characteristic detection, and routine laboratory tests were performed on participants. Diagnostic models were built according to various algorithms. A total of 8...

Babesia is an intraerythrocytic parasite often misdiagnosed as a malaria parasite, leading to inappropriate treatment of the disease especially in co-endemic areas. In recent years, optical diffraction tomography (ODT) has shown great potential in the field of pathogen detection by quantification of three-dimensional (3D) imaging tomograms. The 3D imaging of biological cells is crucial to investigate and provide valuable information about the mechanisms behind the pathophysiology of cells and ti...

Corantin Maurin and colleagues investigate the capacity of human cornea to be infected by SARS-CoV-2 virus and evidence for viral detection in corneas from donors with a positive test for SARS-CoV-2 infection.

14 have been identified to promote cervical cancer progression, suggesting the important role of circRNAs in cervical cancer tumorigenesis. As for circ_0003221 (also known as circPTK2, chr8:141856358–141900868), it has been demonstrated to be overexpressed in cervical cancer cells. 15 Nevertheless, the role of circ_0003221 in cervical cancer remains largely unclear. Large evidence has shown that circRNAs can serve as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs), also known as microRNA (miRNA) sponges, ...

Abstract Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a fatal muscle disease caused by the lack of dystrophin, which maintains muscle membrane integrity. We used an adenine base editor (ABE) to modify splice donor sites of the dystrophin gene, causing skipping of a common DMD deletion mutation of exon 51 (∆Ex51) in cardiomyocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells, restoring dystrophin expression. Prime editing was also capable of reframing the dystrophin open reading frame in these ca...

Abstract Cancer immunotherapy with 4-1BB agonists has limited further clinical development because of dose-limiting toxicity. Here, we developed a bispecific antibody (bsAb; B7-H3×4-1BB), targeting human B7-H3 (hB7-H3) and mouse or human 4-1BB, to restrict the 4-1BB stimulation in tumors. B7-H3×m4-1BB elicited a 4-1BB–dependent antitumor response in hB7-H3–overexpressing tumor models without systemic toxicity. BsAb primarily targets CD8 T cells in the tumor and increases their proliferati...