Credit: Masashi Yukawa & Takashi Toda, Hiroshima University
Cells replicate their genetic material and divide into two identical clones, perpetuating life until they don t. Some cells pause or are intentionally made to pause in the process. When the cell resumes division after such a pause, a displaced nucleus an essential part of cell survival can become caught in the fissure, splitting violently and killing both cells. But that is not always the case; some mutant cells can recover by pushing their nucleus to safety. Researchers from Hiroshima University in Japan are starting to understand how in the first step toward potential cell death rescue applications.
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IMAGE: An image showing a blood vessel in fat tissue, surrounded by fat progenitor cells (in green). view more
Credit: UT Southwestern Medical Center
DALLAS - Feb. 3, 2021 - Gaining more fat cells is probably not what most people want, although that might be exactly what they need to fight off diabetes and other diseases. How and where the body can add fat cells has remained a mystery - but two new studies from UT Southwestern provide answers on the way this process works.
The studies, both published online today in
Cell Stem Cell, describe two different processes that affect the generation of new fat cells. One reports how fat cell creation is impacted by the level of activity in tiny organelles inside cells called mitochondria. The other outlines a process that prevents new fat cells from developing in one fat storage area in mice - the area that correlates with the healthy subcutaneous fat just under the skin in humans. (Both studies were done in mice.)
It’s not only climate change impacting bird reproduction.
Fledgling chicks of the Pacific-slope flycatcher, whose breeding success rate was reduced due to noise (Photo: Masayuki Senzaki).
Some bird species change their reproductive behaviours in response to noise and light pollution, according to a study published in the journal Nature. The findings raise new questions about how responses to sensory stimuli, like noise and light, interact with other global changes, like a warming climate.
An international team of researchers, including Hokkaido University ecologist Masayuki Senzaki, wanted to develop a better understanding of the effects of human-made noise and light pollution on reproductive success in birds. Scientific understanding in this area is currently limited to a few species at the local scale. The team used citizen-gathered records between 2000 and 2014 on more than 58,500 nests belonging to 142 bird species across the United States and assessed how this information w
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IMAGE: One-step preparation of photoaffinity probes using clickable gold-nanoparticle precursors enables expedient target identification studies view more
Credit: FIGURE MODIFIED FROM Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, January 2021, DOI:
10.1039/D0OB01688H
The development of pharmaceutical treatments is difficult clinicians and researchers know a certain drug can regulate particular functions, but they might not know how it actually works. Researchers at Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT) have developed a new, streamlined method to better understand the molecular mechanisms underpinning these interactions.
They published their approach on Dec. 17, 2020 in
Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry, a journal of the U.K. Royal Society of Chemistry.
Deeper insight into how tick spit suppresses cattle immunity
- A tick saliva study reveals immune responses that could lead to better protection for cattle
- This is a joint press release by Hokkaido University, Japan; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; and Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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SAPPORO, Japan, Jan. 28, 2021 /PRNewswire/ Scientists from Hokkaido University, Japan and Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul and Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, have revealed that substances in tick saliva activates immune response-suppressing proteins in cattle that facilitates the transmission of tick-borne diseases. The finding was published in the journal