Court building this hours after president of delay i mean declared a fifteen day state of emergency the political crisis was sparked by a Supreme Court order to release nine imprisoned opposition leaders shot a bear less of course. Opposition politicians film outside criminal court waiting to hear the fate of their colleagues ill have made and of duellists and there they were arrested and charged with bribery upon arriving in the country on sunday a judge dropped the charges and release them they are two of nearly twenty politicians affected by a Supreme Court ruling that has created a political crisis in the island nation. Doing in celebration on thursday when their top court called for the retrial of nine opposition politicians including exiled former president mohammed machine and the judges reinstated twelve employees who had lost their seats for siding with the opposition but one day of celebration soon turned into four nights of protests when president abdullah you mean refused to comply with the ruling was very. Calm and was scheduled to reconvene after a recess on monday but the president said it would be closed indefinitely and imposed a state of emergency for fifteen days the mall devean parliament is now under military control opposition politicians want to get inside parliament to file impeachment motions against four top officials in the president S Administration for not freeing their colleagues. I dont know what function and the Supreme Court. Police targeted the administrative head of the Supreme Court on sunday writing his house the court issued a statement ruling police didnt have enough evidence to arista judicial executive president you mean has asked the court to reconsider the arrest warrant ruling he said hes told the court his prosecuting attorney needs more legal direction before he can release any Political Prisoners the president says his people need to be patient critics have loose faith i dont know. Not any of. The opposition thinks they can turn their Domestic Support into International Pressure they want foreign intervention but the president and the Supreme Court are unified against it charlotte bellus aljazeera and this is denying people have been killed in syrias government and russian air strikes intensify and rebel controlled parts of the country and that province thirty people died and dozens were wounded russian jets at a hospital in the countryside the second in as many days it hits. Members of the United NationsSecurity Council in new york have been discussing a series of reports of chlorine gas attacks carried out by the Syrian Government the u. S. Ambassador to the u. N. Nikki haley criticized russia for blocking a statement condemning the use of chemical weapons in syria so far russia has delayed the adoption of the statement a simple condemnation of syrian children being suffocated by chlorine gas. I hope russia take the appropriate step to adopt this text showing the council is unified in condemning chemical weapons attack will sell abdul salam the only surviving suspect from the paris attacks in twenty fifteen is on trial in belgium is charged with attempted murder for trying to kill police during a shootout in brussels nearly two years ago. Refused to stand for the court and refused to answer questions about his actions it was the court of being biased against muslims and said he would defend himself by staying silent he was arrested four days before bomb attacks killed thirty two people in brussels. You are up today those are your headlines of course you can head to our website w w w dot aljazeera dot com plenty of input from our correspondents all across the globe partition borders apply this next. Oh. Ok just on a claim the front photo of british pop as mr jinnah governor general of the new dominion arrives of a constituent assembly in karachi. August nine hundred forty seven. A century of british rule over its indian empire comes to an end guest of honor in the muslim capital while older laid him out of bed carrying out one of our loves by his regal guilt is all the partition of india look at that. The new nation of pakistan is cool. Meanwhile a deadly stage will set all british role to give place to the dual dominion of india. A day later across a newly drawn border leaders celebrate the birth of the republic of india. Freed from colonial rule the creation of these two countries completes a long struggle for independence and here is the gore we believe that we did today. And now. Im calm when been shown to be my baby. But even before the celebrations are over chaos ibrox. Panic and fear sets in as neighbor turns on neighbor unleashing mass violence. Millions leave their homes. The celebrations were or was marred by the blood they took place against the backdrop of perfect violence. And. People who a year before we tended to each others wedding parties and each other raping each others daughters roasting each others babies on spit. With human passions are unleashed. None of us can can foresee what could happen. While historians recount the horrors of the past for those who lived through them its like yesterday. Were going to lower the moon or have been lucky though when the yardbirds or tower monday were going to monitor. The eighty six year old Joginder Singh kohli was a young teenager in india at the time. Seventy years on he still remembers how muslims hindus and sikhs turn on each other. Or when they walk a little if you will go through. A very beautiful. With the word in the out. Again that of the little girl a year or two early but who would want to be would want to go to. The local. Do they walk all over or. Here. Who would who are. Where we were. Or who were here to live who would go in the. Ground who are. On the other side of the border in pakistan the memories are just as strong in one nine hundred forty seven saladin kellys family were muslims in india hes never forgotten how he escaped the killing but others didnt. We were staying in our house on six september one thousand nine hundred eighty seven six oclock when my mother was saying a spear i heard a shriek cowing somebody. I turned and i saw it with a sword in the hand coming in my sisters wedding and. It was the enter the. Room of my mother killed her and they ran toward us this is the house saladin fled his home in fear of his life when he returned the horror lay in front of him when i enter the house it was just making the euro the. Holes nothing sort of holes. Then you see your own mother. Range and blood. And stomach open then started coming up how would. How did it all come to this. Many point the finger at indias then colonial masters. When britain ruled india it was the jewel in the empires crown plundered for its natural resources. But in the devastating aftermath of World War Two britain had its own problems on the homefront. Was returned to london with renewed fighting and a recent opinion in the country and bankrupted itself fighting itself to death with the nazis. And so british Authorities Say that it was the exhaustion of them power and the bankruptcy of the mother country that led to the realization that the simply no way that the british could keep this enormous empire in the moment to come to head back home to a land of rationing drugs or low light and leave the exotic plagues of india behind. After decades of crushing any Movement TowardsIndian Independence postwar britain had not had the wheel or the might to fold on to its calm. There is massive demonstrations across india and there was. An awareness that the leaders the film struggle could call strikes and protests which would paralyze the country. Seizing the moment of british weakness three leaders spearheaded the push for independence. You are allowed nehru Mohammad Ali Jinnah and one hundred k. Gandhi. At first they shared the goal of a free and united india one country one people regardless of religion. Thousands of national the great term to hear the message of gandhi. Leader of the demands for indias independence. Was mark mcgann you mobilize the masses who gave them the language of things like civil disobedience and nonviolence who spoke of the national the struggle is a struggle for truth he gave it a strong modesty fervor and he completely inspired the masses to rise up behind him or gandhi himself a lifelong preacher of nonviolence and gandhi when tom fairly quickly to establish himself as the spiritual leader of the Indian National congress led freedom struggle. The Indian National congress was a Political Party made up of the elite of hindu and muslim society. It had been pushing for self rule since the turn of the twentieth century. With gandhis mobilization of the masses the party transformed into a populist movement and attracted new readers with new ambitions men like to warlow me root never was very attracted to my gandhi and gandhi was very impressed with and he was gone these handpicked provision to lead the the sort of Political Part of the National Movement gandhi himself never took any political position didnt want one and nearly everything from leading the Indian National congress as one of its youngest ever president s to becoming eventually the first Prime Minister of independent india and mr nader presided over the first Cabinet Meeting both nehru and gandhi were hindus but the third member of the influential trio was a Muslim Mohammed generally one of the legion or was an extremely interesting man educated very anglo file in fact culturally far more on your file than the new the nehru of gandhi. Over his dressed in western clothes had western habits in enjoyed his scotch and and his source agism as ham sandwiches. He wasnt particularly strongly Observant Muslim and a man who was hailed. As the ambassador of hindu muslim unity. A lawyer jinnah began his political life within the hindu dominated Indian National congress. Later on he also joined the muslim me a group protecting the Muslim Minority. Both parties were fighting for an independent india which at the time was ginas ultimate goal jinnah in strongly opposed to the idea of a separate muslim nation and indeed he is saying this is british divide and rule they want us to be divided weve got to stand together weve got to fight for our freedom if we dont fight for our freedom to get that we will never be free but he increasingly gets sidelined by a new Younger Generation of leadership among whom particularly there is there is no who is his nemesis and of no who calls for an indian republic is accused by the league of working for domination over the Muslim Minority but are making everyone with britains grip on india weakening nehru and the Indian National congress grew in power nehru wanted a new india to have a strong Central Government run by his party. This alarmed general who argued muslim majority regions should govern themselves it was a losing battle winner realized that given the imbalance in Political Support between the league and the congress the only way the league was ever going to actually come to any significant power was by advocating a separatist plan. Thousands of kilometers away in London Records revealed deeper insights into the fallout between juno and nehru and this is one of the repositories of which there are a number in. At the National Archives private letters jinnah sent to british officials shows a relationship beyond repair at this point is extremely suspicious of the congress and he feels assets propose it would be prepared to seize power by force that the may have been infiltrated the Indian National army. And thats he regrets thats the Muslim League hasnt organized in the same way so were talking a serious mistrust at this point yet i think this indicates complete breakdown in trust between between the two poles season and the you know its the leadership of those policies new delhi and although the scene looks quite gentle and nehru had first come together to fight the british now they were fighting each other disturbances against the muslim leave the danger of life by nine hundred forty six any hope of a united india had evaporated or about god but i believe the service of every muslim on him the break down at the top of the indian politics was mirrored on the streets as tension spilled over into violence. Chaos erupted in major cities first because of a grim audio post by british an indian probe during the worst drought in the history of calcutta. Road vantec in many places higher pitched battles continued between muslims and window for muslims the fear of being ruled by hindus convinced them they needed their own separate nation. Even jr the man once hailed as the symbol of hindu muslim unity now demanded an independent pakistan. After a sentry a british power in india the empires was finally forced. Charged with overseeing the withdrawal was a decorated while officer one who would go down in infamy. Now battered. New delhi airfield and the arrival of the viceroy designate mo batten is a sort of vaguely comic character looking back. Prancing peacock who loved his roads and costumes and love to appear as the viceroy not particularly. A man of some christmas. Of great sort of personal selfworth he was received i think he you know whatever little homework he did was fairly modest and when he got to india i think it was a crash course he started meeting the various leaders and had his own likes and dislikes inevitably but very quickly decided that this thing had to be this hot potato had to be dropped as quickly as possible and mr byrd his hands and those of his or those of his masters as his in the english government lauder lady mountbatten have taken that places on the throne and mountbatten became viceroy of india in march nine hundred forty seven britain had originally planned to leave india more than a year later in june one thousand nine hundred eighty eight but mountbatten wasnt going to wait that long monbiot and her two accelerated even faster partly because he found his control on the control of the british soldiers over india slipping and so here celebrated to august fifteenth one hundred forty seven and with that headlong rush into disaster happened with the british unable and unwilling to prevent some of the horrors that were unfolding before their very eyes horrors unleashed by hastily drawn lines on a map the north west state of punjab was home to hindus sikhs but mostly muslims it was split with one side forming the bulk of pakistan in the northeast of india the state of bengal was cut into the predominantly muslim eastern half made up another part of pakistan separated by nearly two thousand kilometers of indian territory it would eventually become the independent country of bangladesh was a well thought i was ill thought out. When the british had to draw a line they pulled in the Civil Servant who had never been to india before and was sitting in his cotswold garden when he was told that he had to fly next week to india and divide the country in two. And no one was pleased with the line he drew inevitably. British. Nine hundred forty seven as the flags of india and pakistan were raised ordinary citizens were left in the dark as to what this meant for them. On that day. In august that show boundary hadnt been unsub able to know where they were in india or pakistan where they could stay where they lived for centuries where theyd have to move. And its only after the people tune into their ideas to hear whether they will now be part of pakistan or india everyone. Suddenly people found themselves on the wrong side of a new border muslims in india are hindus and sikhs in pakistan. There had been ethnic fighting between muslims hindus and sikhs before the partition set off an unimaginable massacre out of the war zone files like the blitz the the villages are all burning hayricks are all the platforms are literally washed with blood because a whole load of hindus waiting on the platform to travel to india to be massacred on another platform was covered in blood because the training just arrived from india full of dead muslims. Total chaos in the rural areas hideous scenes of pregnant women lying with their bellies ripped open babies literally rested on the beds and journalists in ninety four to seven who had covered the opening of the nazi concentration camp there were two or three journalists who had covered that and then ended up covering partition and they said that they saw more gruesome things in the punjab punches side than they ever did in the concentration camps muggle born why the photographer writes a graphic description and she says i saw this but what i saw in the punjab was a million times. At the time the british estimated two hundred thousand died in the violence the consensus today among most historians is that the death toll was at least a million and the british had lost control long before production and that became clearly evident and visible in nine hundred forty seven but in a way more terrible than anyone had ever expected. It was a complete and utter mess total mess some suggest that britain was aware of the impending horrors that would come with dividing up the indian subcontinent it was a mess made worse by britain abandoning its colonies so quickly in the stockmen which is which is a telegram from the Foreign Office to its evidence in the National Archives suggests british leaders knew months before that Ethnic Violence was spiralling dangerously out of contr