Hotels are about some quotes of the price. It costs. Yeah. So this period is going to be very tiring as to how many choice we get lost. Hes resting on this golden week to help the territories flagging full cheese. But mcbride, ill just say around on come. The result is that these are the told stories. The us president is warning of what hes calling, drawing stripes to american democracy. Job items blaming donald trump and his supporters and republicans are holding their 1st impeachment, tearing into bidens business dealings. And the Us Government is facing a shutdown leader of not going to cut a bach assigned to decree to dissolve the self declared republic from the 1st of january next year. I mean, he says maybe 85 size investment armenians have fled off to as a by john seems to control last week. The deluxe Prime Minister says legal action should be taken against those responsible for a fire at the wedding, which killed 98. 00 people in tuesday. Funerals have been held for the victims. The place is being blamed on fireworks set off inside the wedding home. And so done at least 10 people have been killed and shelling by the Rapid Support forces in the capital of 211 others have been injured. Part of military group attacked a bus station at least 10 people have been injured in india after Police Use Tear gas and fossils to despise protests. As trying to strong the home of the chief minister of monaco, state authorities declared a curfew on wednesday of to hundreds rallied against the legs, abduction and murder. 2 students in july, more than a 118 people have been killed in the Ethnic Violence since may. Those are the headlines coming next studio be unscripted is imprisoned without trial to, ill just say, richard, unless remain behind bars in egypt for hot wood didnt seem detained since february 2020 the drop yet a ship detained since august 2021. Ill just say recalls for the Immediate Release of its gentlest, detained in egypt. Journalism is not a crime. The time samantha ali, im an architect from johannesburg, south africa. I think the role of architecture is that it is the best. So for our identities, and it allows us to see ourselves reflected the cannon and the curriculum that we went towards was an inherited curriculum. That is the image of architecture in the west. The am alexandro and aveena. Im an architect from san diego. Mike practice element on. You see the c d s a shortcut to whats the quantity . If you will, given all the bad in the world for doing a building, you still would like to make a building that has taken out the suppressors, the unnecessary in storage and housing. Your forest is not a choice. The if a 100 you grew up in a time of dictatorship and now theres an incredibly exciting, interesting, political moment thats happening in today. Can you tell us a little bit about that . Its, its, its intense and its tough. Uh, and i think youre referring to the fact that were, were writing the constitution and that already its, its, uh we, we shouldnt take that for granted. I mean, this started as a battle that could have perpetrated on the streets as a, as a civil war. And im talking about october 2019, a couple of which lead to the same society that was bending the subway stations and barricades. And i need the sucking and looting says doors decided that the way to deal without conflicts was by discussing and have a political dialogue thats already very remarkable. I think we have to feel very proud as a society of about that as an architect. And this was no news, i mean, in 2012 at the ben, hes been out there. We presented the project that was called the magnet and the bomb. I need to refer to this doubling the condition of cities that attract people, ideas, resources, cabinet, the, everything. But at the same time, it creates a friction that is a kind of social ticking time bomb in the qualities, which is one of the Biggest Challenges i would say in the world. And you know, societies express in cities in a very concrete and daily ways. And thats a way out we thought about changing the rules of the game of how we will live together. Interestingly enough, this was the title of the last, then hes been out by hash him sort is we went through a process where 82 percent of the population decided to change the constitution because new rules of the game were needed. A year later, 62 percent rejected the text, so there was a need for change for sure. But then when the change and depending on what to fly on the other end, the society that wait, wait, i mean i was one of the 38 percent that low. So i wanted to get the constitution changed. But its important because these have a role in how little this issues we translate or not into the built environment. And we may contribute as architects to create conditions to level the field because india and see if these are short good thoughts of quality. I mean, you could london today, see if these are measured for what you can do in them for free. We may have some tools to look at the safety of opportunities to improve peoples quality of life on a daily basis. A lot. I would say that if we can connect that to the rules of the game where we live together, may we may have a chance not to keep on living under the threat of the social ticking time bomb. Yes, i just also wanted to resonate was the politics that you are speaking about when i grew up in south africa, it was a time when our constitution was also being rewritten. I was born in 1990 just a few days after monday i was released from prison and i was full when our country became a democracy and growing up in that time. It was an incredible time of optimism with this new constitution where everything fell as possible and we were the rainbow nation. And i hope i hold in my practice that this always optimism and always hope that things can look different that we can live together at the same time when i was finishing my architectural studies, that was a very turbulent political time in south africa. And that was the time of the roads, my school, which led to the fees my School Movement in south africa, the thin send triples across the world and lead to a student movements across the world, demanding for free, the colonized education. And i think that was a time of the post rainbow nation where students really felt that weve had enough, we want to see a different curriculum. So these moments of political change and political shift, i think are really big moments of wake up for architecture, or they can be at least a side comment. The south african constitution was really event for the to land when the discussion, at least because i was off by the people that were working in the Constitutional Convention just as a reference, as many people were awesome. I mean, if you want to put a sentence in the constitution about housing or safety, uh, when would you say . I said i have no idea, but i may know a person that can help. And that was different briar Supreme Court judge. And the us, uh, that happened to be together in the press good price jury. Uh, so i ask steve and if you want to put a sense of what we did do and you said i cant help you because the west coast edition and this was already mind blowing is based on negative rights. You have to prevent the state to interfere with your freedom to a religion of a believe or expression or to carry guns and what youre asking about housing is based on positive, right. And thats the biggest difference, how once you have costs a huge amount of consequence take place. But i know a person that might help you and he called a friend in germany. And in germany he said, oh yes, you are asking about the 2nd and 3rd generation rights in the constitution. Im down some more than constitution that have done that with that. So the freak on 1996 article 26 where the receipts and has the rights adequate housing. And the 2nd sentence, which is the state will take all the necessary measures to pro provide access to that adequate housing. Because without that 2nd question in countries like ours, youll just create false expectations that then a citizen may suit you for not getting the right of housing, or for sure youre going to get for straight to society. So it was very smart from south africa to shift the bonding right to housing, to the mission that the state has to take, unfortunately into the 2nd sentence was and didnt make it. So the, to the final version. But i think these are the kind of of consequences that then we as architects, have to translate into reality. So actually speaking about housing and i think this is a very different take on it. But the theme of the 1st is slowly gods being on a is what it bait which means 1st house when we say its not my god, everyone has an image in their mind. And that image of islamic god is actually an inherited definition. Again, its not to say that in the time of the process or way back when that these definitions of islamic are existed. Of course they evolved through culture, but they were defined by eyes outside of that culture. And i wanted to be able to create to be an id that is resonant with the experiences and the life of being, im with them. And so this idea of what debate or 1st house is really reflecting on the 1st principles of belonging as a muslim and over bait is a term of reference thats given to the kava and mca. Uh so i on the one hand source about that as the focus of our rituals, that symbolically every time we stand up and pay a to face must go. We are connected with people past, present, and future who do the same. So the 1st seems to be an article kibbler really reflects on that and it thinks about how we construct an internal and spiritual sense of belonging with the absence of anything else or what are those internal things that we return to. So the art is to have work to interpret those themes from the scale of the call to prayer, to the scale of a gathering theyre really thinking through what of those 1st principles of belonging and its very centered on rituals and on spirituality. And then the 2nd seam of the be a 98. 00, which is called heads. Dra, this means migration. Really thinks about the 1st principles of belonging, often displacement or no matter where we are in the world. And here were thinking about all of the ingredients of gathering. So food sound forms of worship was prayer, things that really ingredients for bringing us together and the Building Blocks of community in the absence of anything else thats, thats a, uh, very, very important. Actually, i have to confess that and not that long ago, i thought, i mean we, we have to deal with so many pressing issues. I mean that, that really, really important. Why spend time and money on art . Uh, it was a process of course, but maybe 2019 was the movement because of the 2 land situation. That i understood that we may have corrected and, and change old and material conditions only policies on old, the russian aspects. And yet our society wouldnt have had a common sense. You mentioned food, you feel making music this from tiny music in the process in gene it was very impressive to have this. This song that i remember from the 8th is spontaneous me being song and in on the streets where people that were left out of the system that wanted to again have a sense of purpose. I would say that the never thought it would be, its being so crucial for survival. I thought would be where this kind of thing that you would only do once youve sold your basic needs. Unless we change that and i are at the coast back to again, to the question of creating a collective sense of belonging. And i think the word belonging matters. Look, were living in a world where your value is, is based on your belongings known unimed through. Mm. How different would it be if our system of values was based on belonging, that the societies that communities, the brooks that offer us glimpses of, there is something alternative path. But unless this becomes something attractive, something seductive is going to be uh, just wishful thinking. Absolutely. I thinking in south africa, the architecture is either focused on becoming the image of the north or the west, or its focused very much on service delivery. But because of the needs of service delivery. So pressing, were forced again to refer to models that exist already. And unless we dig deeper and ask deeper questions of belonging and of what manifestations of identity and social ideals look like, were going to always have the same models. And if anything and societies where we do have performance, where we have oral cultures, where we have a, you know, different ways of archiving and different ways of holding stories. I think we also have methods in there that are waiting to push Practice Forward differently. And i wanted to ask you on that about your be in id because you mentioned how sions, but you didnt talk about the 1st thing from the front. Of course, we had never created anything before. And all of a sudden we were asked to create the vein, these be an outlet, so its a, its a huge on a month to digest. And in addition to the title, the a much we showed for that be now that im, you may remember that it was this woman on top of a ladder and she was an archaeologist starting to knock alliance in through. First of all, this lady couldnt afford anything but an aluminum leather to walk around the desk said that from a certain height can make this seal stores make sense from the top of the leather lines and flowers and animals and stars begin to appear. So the question of changing perspective to make the would make sense matches. But the more does means that she had to do that. Even if he, if she had more money, if she was around lets say in the car and, and standing on top of the car, she would have destroyed the lines. So it was also a pertinent to. So i would say that this image is very telling of the way we should perform in the world today. Thank you so much. I think its time to get some questions from the audience. Im really interested in this idea of schools to see in abundance. And im a electra in architects. I tried to teach my students the value of the item. I wanted what lessons, perhaps you could give them that . Absolutely i. I grew up in t let or was feeling, sorry that because of the lack of resources, we were not able to do there. What was being built here. Uh and um, i would say that the 1st part of, of everybodys practice is try to prove that look, look to you and we can do what youre doing there to, uh, at some point. Uh we realize that, but what about doing here things that cannot be done there and then diet and this the role that sometimes stephen brutal thing that here because over regulation can be produced. Its a luxury we have well, maybe perfection. These know what our goal should be, im alone, those who change and ship the mindset. Its cost if it was one of them, instead of complaining about it, it was the greatest filter against arbitrariness. And that is something that it, of course, with the white theme, social housing or emergency housing completely changed our attitude toward instead of being, sorry, no one were proud. Yeah. Similarly, i think scarcity in relation to what. And i recently collaborated with the architect just me, laurie. She has a contribution in the stomach got spin out there, but weve been working together for many years. And in one of the projects she worked on creating and stoves was the community of woman. And she described the message of building that she used to being a can to the way that these women need to 5 to do so. The soft fullness of how the, the texture and consistency of the mind works. But also the way that the mind is prepared is electricity thats familiar to these women, the because it comes from knowledge is that they have in their homes. And seeing that as a source of abundance, i think is something very interesting. But it also then asks us to question what other electricity is waiting to produce architecture in the same way. Shes also been working with prototyping, bamboo, lime, and my docutech. Just again, bamboo is something thats very common the found in her region. And these architectures have withstood us quick 7 slides and thinking about the weather, something to collaborate west rather than to withstand is also something thats i think, very interesting. So perhaps we need to frame what we define a scarcity and why in relation to what so i wanted to ask you to what extent, how if youre going to impact the, the way you be shown inquiry, i do a project. I think this is something that ive been reflecting on more recently and in the beginning it was all in tuition, as i said as well. But its, its impossible to separate who we uh and how we see the world from how we design that. I think the more that we are able to embrace who we uh, and embrace our ways of living our ways of being of couches and Belief Systems and how we design. And the more confident our design becomes. And i think its a mess that i call to and pragmatism should be separate. Its something that we received 1st enlightenment. But if we think about the origins of august, it really was very, very much tied to cultural practice. And in and so many couches, very pragmatic design is also highly decorative because thats one of the thats one of the prerequisites of, of ritual practice. So i think, i think seeing thing called to a separate from design as the 1st issue that we have, the more that we can, the more that we can understand that these things on should be integrated the best. So i think go design will become my question is um, so what are your thoughts on navigating matalin just surrounding sustainability and security . Yes. Cities as well. They have pre built buildings already and especially about social social housing. How to make that. So its a home for everyone. Um, i would say that in the, in sustainability is nothing but the rigorous use of common sense. The moment youre taking care and paying attention to the conditions, both for your my, to the choices or for your organization of the the footprint over here, things naturally tend to be was a reasonable even your rigorous news using common sense. So 3rd, my mass was its hard, gaining a passive energy from where its cold or in again, in the production of half of the square meters that are not built by lets a markets, a big building companies. What tends to happen is that theres no that is local labor. It tends to come from very close by. So cardboard foot that tends to be rather efficient. So allow for that street smart uh, approaches to enter your system. Sometimes the problem is here is that we have an abundance of, of desk and, and social media in people giving opinions about computer environment. And of course, a deal of trip strict wisdom. The key for participatory design is actually here. You dont make participatory is assigned to us people. How would you like your house . Because it doesnt make any sense. Visual constraints are so big, the new only create false expectations. And the reason for make participatory design, 1st of all is to understand the question. So thats at the precision the question matters because if