Following our client alert published on March 30, 2021, 1 the "decree by which several provisions of the Hydrocarbons Law are amended and added" (the "Reform") was published on May 4, 2021 and entered into effect on May 5, 2021. As reported by White & Case, on March 26, 2020, Mexican President Andrés Manuel López Obrador sent to the Chamber of Deputies the "initiative to modify the Hydrocarbons Law." This initiative was the subject of a significant number of comments from private individuals and entities, and the Federal Economic Competition Commission issued a statement determining that “the process of competition and free competition in the value chain of hydrocarbons, petroleum products and petrochemicals would be negatively affected” in the event that the initiative was published in its current terms.