Democrats prepare a resolution condemning Donald Trumps racist attacks of four members of congress. Republicans will have to decide how to vote. Also on the programme germanys defence minister, ursula von der leyen has been confirmed as the new European Commission president. And the medical team from great ormond street hospital in london who have separated, with some extraordinary skill, the conjoined twins marwa and safa, we will speak to one of the surgeons. Hello and welcome. Im katty kay in washington, and Christian Fraser is in london. On this day 50 years ago, three men got into a rocket with no idea if they would ever return to earth. Neil armstrong, buzz aldrin and Michael Collins were the trio tasked with humanitys inaugural flight to the moon. They were americans, but the whole world watched with amazement. Five, four, three, two, one, zero, all engines running, liftoff, we have a liftoff, 33 minutes past the hour, left off of apollo 11 four days after liftoff, and 240,000 miles later, the eagle begins its descent to the moon. But then, an alarm sounds, and with just minutes to go until the landing, the computer crashes. Neil armstrong has to take Manual Control to land the space craft safely. And then those famous words. Thats one small step for man. 0ne giant leap for mankind. Half a century on, the Apollo Programme is probably still humankinds single greatest technological achievement. Jane obrien is at the Kennedy Space center at cape canaveral, where the historic launch took place. We have been talking about the astronauts, but really, anyway, the hero of the day is the Space Shuttle itself, isnt it . I am so glad you said that, because it is all about the saturn v rocket, one of which is right behind me, this is the closest i have ever been to something this big that flies through the air, and as you can see, it is vast, actually taller than the statue of liberty. When it is full of fuel, it weighs 8. 2 million pounds, and a top speed it flies at seven miles per second. Now, if that doesnt blow your mind, look at this over there, United States logo is on the capsule, the module that the astronauts sat on when the powerful rocket was blasting off from the earth. When you hear Michael Conlan say that, you hear Michael Conlan say that, you know, he was slightly worried about the second stage detachment, you can see why. That is tiny, they we re you can see why. That is tiny, they were so vulnerable, it was so fragile, the bravery of those men blows my mind, what must it have been like . And i was listening today to Michael Collins, who said it was like a nervous novice driving a heavy goods vehicle down a narrow alley, at every stage in this journey, something could have gone wrong. Well, absolutely, because of because this was by definition the first time that anyone had tried to put men on the moon, and i have also been talking to people who witnessed it. They have come back here today, some of them, to relive that moment 50 yea rs some of them, to relive that moment 50 years ago. The closest they could get was three and a half miles away, because although it was most dangerous on board, you couldnt get any closer because the shock wave of the engines going off would have killed you. Most people who witnessed the take off were three and a half miles back from the launch site, it was only engineers and essential staff, presumably protective clothing, who were allowed that close. What a day to be here, where it actually happened, 50 yea rs here, where it actually happened, 50 years ago. 0k, jane obrien in cape canaveral, pretty good day to be there one of the surviving crew members, Michael Collins, said his mission was one of the most significant moments of the 20th century. As you ascend very slowly and majestically, inside it is a different situation, you are figgfing different situation, you are jiggling left and right, and you are not quite sure whether they are as big or small as they should be, or how much closer they are going to put you to the umbilical tower, which you very much do not want to hit right at that moment. So it is a totally different feeling at liftoff, a nervous novice driving a wider vehicle down a narrow alley. There is that great quote, fantastic. In washington, the us Vice President mike pence unveiled to the world today Neil Armstrongs space suit. It hasnt been seen publically for 13 years. The fragile suit has been carefully restored at the cost of thousands of dollars, paid for through public donations. Its now on display on a mannequin at Washingtons National air and space museum, in a state of the art display case to protect it. One man that knows a fair deal about that suit, among many other things, is Douglas Brinkley, historian and the author of the book american moonshot John F Kennedy and the great space race. He joins us now from austin. Douglas, thank you forjoining us. I guess 110w douglas, thank you forjoining us. I guess now it seems inevitable that the mission took place and succeeded, but ifjohn if kennedy hadnt decided to make space an integral part of his battle in the cold war, would americans have gone to the moon . No, without jfk there would have been no going to the moon, at least not in 1969, he spent the whole thing up, a 25 billion apollo project which had bipartisan support. Today that would be around 170 billion to go to the moon, and john if kennedy was a great spokesperson, he would go all over and talk about choosing to go to the 111001 and talk about choosing to go to the moon not because it is easy but because it is hard, and there were mercury astronauts before apollo, and there were six Space Missions during kennedys presidency, and all six were successful, john glenn being the great hero of those. And why, given what was going on down here on earth, in terms of the cold warand a here on earth, in terms of the cold war and a division of powers around the world, what was it about getting a man on the moon that made him so convinced that it was a way to show americas pre eminence in the cold war . Kennedys big thing was, how do we leapfrog the soviets with technology . The United States and Great Britain were caught off guard at the soviet union had the atomic bomb in1949, and at the soviet union had the atomic bomb in 1949, and the hydrogen bomb, that russia had the worlds first icbm missile, and they put the first satellite up into space with sputnik, and then they put the first creature in space with a dog, then the first human with yuri gargarin, and the United States felt like they we re and the United States felt like they were losing the space race, so kennedy said lets leapfrog them, we can do satellite to satellite, astronaut to cosmonaut, but lets go big and aim for the moon, and when he made that famous address in 1961, he made that famous address in 1961, he shocked everybody. His own father called the white house, where is jack . Gosh, i knew he would do something reckless and idiotic like this people at nasa said there was 110 this people at nasa said there was no technology to go to the moon why has the president of the United States put that much credence and credibility on a moonshot . But kennedy was a visionary, science was popular, he thought it would lift the american spirit, and even after John F Kennedy was murdered in dallas in november 1963, the us funded apollo as a sort of a legacy to him, and you willjust broadcasting from the Kennedy Space ce ntre broadcasting from the Kennedy Space centre in florida. I know you have spoken to many of the people involved, what was it like any firing room . Involved, what was it like any firing room . There involved, what was it like any firing room . There had been apollo nine, apollo ten, which had been around the room, but with a confident they could land someone on the surface . They were not absolutely confident. Apollo 1 was a disaster in 1967, when we lost three astronauts, and the head of nasa had resigned, and sol astronauts, and the head of nasa had resigned, and so i interviewed Neil Armstrong for my book before he died, and he said they probably had a 5050 died, and he said they probably had a 50 50 chance of success, 50 years ago. Now, idont a 50 50 chance of success, 50 years ago. Now, i dont mean that they would have died, but this would have worked. If it was one manoeuvre wrong, one second wrong, things could have gone sideways. It is one of the miracles of modern times that apollo 11 worked largely without a hitch. Douglas brinkley, lovely to get your thoughts and look back on the event, thank you very much for being with us. I was thinking, katty, when i look back in 500 yea rs katty, when i look back in 500 years time, the luna walk might not seem that impressive, they may have started to go further beyond to mars and goodness knows what, but it is very likely that this moment will be seen as the most significant event of the 20th century. I wonder whether you could do it again right now, the amount of money they piled into it at that time. It has been interesting to hear buzz aldrin saying, over the last years, we have taken 50 saying, over the last years, we have ta ken 50 years saying, over the last years, we have taken 50 years and havent done it again, and he is angered by the fa ct, again, and he is angered by the fact, given we have advanced so far in technology, you might think it is possible, but we heard Douglas Brinkley say this was a massive federal expenditure, the us Congress Opening its purse strings, and it is very ha rd to opening its purse strings, and it is very hard to see that happening again, maybe because there is no common enemy and we are not in the middle of the cold war, because they rays there is reluctance to feel like government should spend on big projects like that. It is the chinese who are landing on the far side of the moon, which has not been done before with a probe. It is not happening at the us federal level, andi happening at the us federal level, and i think that is a reflection of the attitude of the country at the moment. It is extraordinary to think, when they started in 1960, they had no knowledge at all. We know so much now, but they didnt know so much now, but they didnt know if they could land on the surface, whether the craft would sink, whether the dust would explode, they didnt even know whether it was carrying pathogens, they stuck the astronauts in a room with white mice when they got back to earth, just in case there was something wrong with the moon dust. It seems extraordinary that they have not done it since, but there we are. We know so much, but we havent been back to the moon. Crashing back to the earth now, im afraid. Donald trump has renewed his attack on four democratic congresswomen from minority backgrounds. As democrats prepare to vote on a resolution condemning the president , he has been fanning the controversy, tweeting about it no less than seven times today. Those tweets were not racist. I dont have a racist bone in my body the so called vote to be taken is a democrat con game. Republicans should not show weakness and fall into their trap. This should be a vote on the filthy language, statements and lies told by the democrat congresswomen, who i truly believe, based on their actions, hate our country. Get a list of the horrible things they have said. 0mar is polling at 8 , cortez at 21 . Nancy pelosi tried to push them away, but now they are forever wedded to the democrat party. See you in 2020 he had this to say a short time ago. When people speak so badly about our country, when people speak so horribly, i have a lift of things, im not going to bore you with it, but i have a list of things said by the congresswomen that is so bad, so horrible that i almost dont want to read it. It is my opinion they hate out read it. It is my opinion they hate our country. And that is not good, it is not acceptable. Were joined now by our north america correspondent nick bryant. Thank you forjoining us, it seems the key phrase to understand the motivation of all of this for donald trump ina motivation of all of this for donald trump in a tweet is that phrase, see you in 2020, is this all an Election Strategy for him . His tweet attacks are a matter of political calculation, no question at all. He is trying to map out the battle lines ahead of next years president ial election, and i did say he is pretty happy right now with how the politics of this racial row are turning out and playing out, because what he wants to do is make those non white congresswomen the face of the modern day democratic party. He wants their leadership to rally around those women, so he creates an enemy ahead of next year. Now, rice has always been at the heart of donald trump us political Business Model, he made his political name through both arisen, claiming falsely that barack 0bama was not born in the United States of america. He opened his 2016 campaign with an attack on mexican immigrants, and that is what he is doing now, putting rice at the heart of the campaign and returning to a political Business Model that worked la st political Business Model that worked last time and one he thinks will work this time too. There will be a vote in the house of representatives, nancy pelosi trying to get the republicans to put on record for perpetuity how they view Donald Trumps tweets. Yeah, and it is worth saying that more than a dozen republicans have come out and criticised donald trump, not least tim scotty, an African American senator from south carolina, the only African American republican senator. But crucially the Republican Leadership has not criticised donald trump, indeed many in the Republican Leadership have actually backed him up. And that shows how in lockstep the Republican Leadership is with donald trump. A few years ago lindsey graham, the other senator from south carolina, the great friend ofjohn mccain, was criticising donald trump when he ran against him in 2016, but he has been one of the biggest offenders of donald trump during this period. It just shows how he is making People Choose sides, and that is one of the aspects of this whole row. Nick bryant, thank you very much for being with us. Ursula von der leyen has been narrowly confirmed by the European Parliament as the next president of the European Commission. The vote will make von der leyen the first woman appointed to the eus top role. In a last ditch bid for the support of meps, mrs von der leyen pledged a green new dealfor europe and to further extend the uks departure from the eu if necessary. Lets speak now to damian grammaticas, the bbcs europe correspondent, who joins us from strasbourg. She spoke to lawmakers just a few moments ago. They trust you placed in me is confidence you placed in europe. Your confidence in a united and strong europe, from east to west, from south to north. Lets speak to west, from south to north. Lets speakto damian west, from south to north. Lets speak to damian grammaticas, the bbc europe correspondent is in strasbourg, where the vote took place. A secret ballot, not an easy one to predict, and there were fears that she wouldnt get a majority. No, and as we saw there, she just scraped past that 50 level that she had to pass, she got 52 of the vote, but of the 750 Member Chamber right here, over 300 voted against her. That, ithink, is going right here, over 300 voted against her. That, i think, is going to be a source of difficulty for ursula von der leyen. European leaders will be breathing a real sigh of relief now, christian, because they were not certain she would get through, and they had struggled to come up with her name as a package of topjobs. She is there, but the question will be, how she had to rely on bouts that she would rather not do . So there we are talking eurosceptic right wing meps, she was trying to appeal to the pro eu left parties, but she might not have got those votes, it might have been others that got it through. Damian grammaticas in strasbourg, thank you very much. An awful lot she will have to deal with when she takes over on november the 1st, in theory brexit will have taken place by then. Scotland has overtaken america as the worst place in the world for Drug Overdoses. As percentage of the population more people die from drugs in scotland than in the us or in any other european country. There were 1187 drug related deaths in scotland last year. The death rate is nearly three times that of the uk as a whole and a 27 increase on last year. And it seems that the effort being made to tackle the problem might in the end be making things worse. Methadone, the heroin substitute prescribed by the nhs to help heroin users, caused more deaths than the drug it is meant to replace and contributed to nearly half of those recorded drug deaths. Just before we came on air, we spoke to professor catriona matheson, the chair of the scottish drug deaths taskforce. What is it that is killing so many people in scotland . Well, when we look at the drugs that are being taken and the nature of drug use in scotland, there is a pattern of drug use which we describe as poly drug use, basically taking more than one substance, so we may have an opiate like heroin, but also being used with other drugs, such as diazepam, and also cocaine is f