The Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA), 2019, rules have been notified, allowing fast-track citizenship to undocumented non-Muslim migrants from Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Afghanistan. The delayed notification has been attributed to mass protests and the Covid-19 pandemic. The rules do not apply to areas covered by the Constitutions sixth schedule or states with an inner-line permit regime. While the government defends CAA on humanitarian and historical grounds, opposition persists over perceived discrimination and concerns about its impact on the Assam Accord and the National Register of Citizens (NRC) process.